Evaluation of the efficacy of an interdialytic "ethanol 40% v/v - enoxaparin 1000 U/mL" lock solution to prevent tunnelled catheter infections in chronic hemodialysis patients: a multi-centre, randomized, single blind, parallel group study.

Background: Tunnelled dialysis catheter (TC) infections are a major health complication and are associated with increased antibiotic consumption, hospital stays, health costs and mortality. Experimental data provide evidence that Ethenox, a mixture of enoxaparine 1000 U/mL in 40% v/v ethanol, could be a promising lock solution. The aim of the study is to compare an interdialytic lock solution of Ethenox with reference lock solutions, unfractionated heparin (UFH) or citrate 4% for the prevention of TCI in hemodialysis patients.

Modulation by Polymyxin-B Hemoperfusion of Inflammatory Response Related to Severe Peritonitis.

Conflicting results have been reported on the influence of Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion treatment on systemic inflammation markers. The aim of the study was to assess in a randomized control trial the influence on plasma cytokine concentrations of Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion in septic shock due to peritonitis. A panel of 10 pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines was measured in 213 patients with peritonitis-induced septic shock enrolled in the randomized trial ABDOMIX testing the impact of 2 Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion sessions with standard treatment.

Early use of polymyxin B hemoperfusion in patients with septic shock due to peritonitis: a multicenter randomized control trial.

Purpose: To test whether the polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX HP) fiber column reduces mortality and organ failure in peritonitis-induced septic shock (SS) from abdominal infections.

Method: Prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial in 18 French intensive care units from October 2010 to March 2013, enrolling 243 patients with SS within 12 h after emergency surgery for peritonitis related to organ perforation. The PMX HP group received conventional therapy plus two sessions of PMX HP.

Relevance of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate blood levels for blood transfusion detection.

Background: A method to detect the banned use of blood transfusions by athletes has proven elusive. In this article, we investigate the utility of analyzing contaminant levels in stored blood as a possible marker. The presence of the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was measured in red blood cells collected from transfused subjects.

Antioxidant and oligonutrient status, distribution of amino acids, muscle damage, inflammation, and evaluation of renal function in elite rugby players.

Background: Our study investigated the biochemical and anthropometric characteristics in elite athletes of rugby union based in the south of France during the different periods of the competition to identify metabolic and biochemical adaptations to particular lifestyle conditions.

Methods: Participants included 35 players in 2008 and 43 players in 2009. Biochemical variables [creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, C-reactive protein] were evaluated.

Regional variations of low-density lipoprotein oxidizability in hemodialysis patients may explain discrepancies in interventional therapy on oxidative profile.

Background/aims: This study aimed at evaluating oxidative stress (OS) markers (i) in a cross-sectional study of hemodialysis (HD) patients to investigate potential regional effects of these markers and (ii) in a prospective crossover study to evaluate vitamin E-coated membrane (VE) effects.

Methods: At baseline, OS parameters including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidizability were measured in HD patients from five dialysis facilities. Patients were then randomly assigned to two treatment groups: group I patients (n = 33) switching to VE, and group II patients (n = 29) still using reference polysulfone (PS) membrane.