[Epidemiology and Mortality in Hip Fractures: Impact of Surgical Latency in a Cohort from a Public Hospital in Chile].

Aim: Describe the epidemiology and mortality in hip fractures and their relationship with surgical latency.

Methods: Retrospective study of patients with hip fracture, operated in a center between 2009-2016. Non-operated patients, periprosthetic fractures, and stress fractures were excluded.

Efficient Generalized Electroencephalography-Based Drowsiness Detection Approach with Minimal Electrodes.

Drowsiness is a main factor for various costly defects, even fatal accidents in areas such as construction, transportation, industry and medicine, due to the lack of monitoring vigilance in the mentioned areas. The implementation of a drowsiness detection system can greatly help to reduce the defects and accident rates by alerting individuals when they enter a drowsy state. This research proposes an electroencephalography (EEG)-based approach for detecting drowsiness.

Multiple sclerosis in Central America and Caribbean countries: frequency and clinical characterization of an emergent disease.

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease among white populations of European origin. Frequencies among Latin Americans continue to be studied, however, epidemiologic, and clinical characterization studies lack from Central American and Caribbean countries. Ethnicity in these countries is uniformly similar with a prevalent Mestizo population.

Impact of environmental factors on spider silk properties.

Spider orb webs have evolved to stop flying prey, fast and slow alike. One of the main web elements dissipating impact energy is the radial fibers, or major ampullate silks, which possess a toughness surpassing most man-made materials. Orb webs are extended phenotypes, and as such their architectural elements, including major ampullate silks, have been selected to optimize prey capture under the respective environmental conditions.

OpenKBP-Opt: an international and reproducible evaluation of 76 knowledge-based planning pipelines.

To establish an open framework for developing plan optimization models for knowledge-based planning (KBP).Our framework includes radiotherapy treatment data (i.e.

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Central America and the Caribbean: A Multinational Clinical Characterization Study.

Here, a study of NMOSD in Central America and the Caribbean with a multinational collaborative, multicentric and descriptive approach involving 25 institutions from 9 countries is presented. Demographics, clinical manifestations, expanded disability scale status (EDSS), brain and spinal cord MRI, serological anti-AQP4-IgG and anti-MOG-IgG antibodies, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal bands were included. A central serological repository utilized the cell-based assay.

Is the Clinician's Eye a Valid and Reproducible Tool for Diagnosing Patella Alta on a Lateral Knee Radiography?

Introduction: Validity and reproducibility of the clinician's eye (CE) to diagnose patella alta (PA) on a lateral knee radiography (radiograph) is unknown.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 46 lateral knee x-rays. Three blind observers used CE, Insall-Salvati (IS), modified Insall-Salvati (mIS), and Caton-Deschamps (C-D) to determine patellar height.

Proposal of Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy-PI Controller Hardware.

This work proposes dedicated hardware for an intelligent control system on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The intelligent system is represented as Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy-PI controller. The implementation uses a fully parallel strategy associated with a hybrid bit format scheme (fixed-point and floating-point).

Higher risk of malaria transmission outdoors than indoors by Nyssorhynchus darlingi in riverine communities in the Peruvian Amazon.

Background: Malaria remains an important public health problem in Peru where incidence has been increasing since 2011. Of over 55,000 cases reported in 2017, Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species (76%), with P. falciparum responsible for the remaining 24%.

Variance-Triggered Two-Step GPS Acquisition.

The acquisition is the most time-consuming step performed by a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. The objective is to detect which satellites are transmitting and what are the phase and Doppler frequency shift of the signal. It is the step with the highest computational complexity, especially for signals subjected to large Doppler shifts.

Costs of multiple sclerosis in Panama from societal, patient perspectives and health-related quality of life.

The purpose of this work is to estimate the costs associated with managing patients with MS in Panama and evaluating the impact of the disease on their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Multicentric observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study. The costs were estimated from societal and patient perspectives and expressed in USD, 2015.

Cost-Utility Analysis of Reconstruction Compared With Primary Amputation for Patients With Severe Lower Limb Trauma in Colombia.

Background: To establish, from the health system perspective, the cost-utility relationship of limb reconstruction compared with primary amputation for patients older than 32 years with grade IIIB and IIIC severe lower limb trauma in Colombia, S.A.

Methods: A Markov model was built including different short-term and long-term states that represent the main events that a patient could experience after a lower limb amputation or a reconstruction.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Use of a Prophylactic Antibiotic for Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Amputation due to Diabetes or Vascular Illness in Colombia.

Background: The use of a prophylactic antibiotic in an amputation surgery is a key element for the successful recovery of the patient. We aim to determine, from the perspective of the Colombian health system, the cost-effectiveness of administering a prophylactic antibiotic among patients undergoing lower limb amputation due to diabetes or vascular illness in Colombia.

Methods: A decision tree was constructed to compare the use and nonuse of a prophylactic antibiotic.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a novel inhibitor of connexin hemichannels.

Hemichannels (HCs) are hexamers of connexins that can form gap-junction channels at points of cell contacts or "free HCs" at non-contacting regions. HCs are involved in paracrine and autocrine cell signaling, and under pathological conditions may induce and/or accelerate cell death. Therefore, studies of HC regulation are of great significance.

[Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a hip prosthesis, a case report and literature review].

Infection is the most serious complication of arthroplasty. It's a rare event usually caused by Staphylococcus spp. Prosthetic tuberculosis is rarely reported.

Objective study of sensor relevance for automatic cough detection.

The development of a system for the automatic, objective, and reliable detection of cough events is a need underlined by the medical literature for years. The benefit of such a tool is clear as it would allow the assessment of pathology severity in chronic cough diseases. Even though some approaches have recently reported solutions achieving this task with a relative success, there is still no standardization about the method to adopt or the sensors to use.

Spatial components of bird diversity in the Andes of Colombia: implications for designing a regional reserve system.

Beta diversity, or the turnover in species composition among sampling sites in a region, is an important criterion for obtaining adequate representation of regional biodiversity in systems of protected areas. Recently, the additive model for partitioning regional (gamma) diversity (in opposition to the multiplicative model) has been proposed because it allows a direct measure of the contribution of beta diversity to gamma diversity. We determined avian beta diversity along latitudinal (among neighboring river drainages) and elevational axes in a 1347-km2 region on the western slope of the Central Cordillera of the Colombian Andes, where a regional system of protected areas is being designed.