HDAC6: Tumor Progression and Beyond.

Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is an intriguing therapeutic target in cancer re-search, distinguished as the only HDAC family member predominantly located in the cyto-plasm. HDAC6 features two catalytic domains and a unique ubiquitin-binding domain, which sets it apart from other HDACs. Beyond its role in histone deacetylation, HDAC6 targets vari-ous nonhistone substrates, such as α-tubulin, cortactin, Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90), and Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1).

Cardiac Biomarkers in a Brazilian Indigenous Population Exposed to Arboviruses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Arthropod-borne viral diseases are acute febrile illnesses, sometimes with chronic effects, that can be debilitating and even fatal worldwide, affecting particularly vulnerable populations. Indigenous communities face not only the burden of these acute febrile illnesses, but also the cardiovascular complications that are worsened by urbanization. A cross-sectional study was conducted in an Indigenous population in the Northeast Region of Brazil to explore the association between arboviral infections (dengue, chikungunya, and Zika) and cardiac biomarkers, including cardiotrophin 1, growth differentiation factor 15, lactate dehydrogenase B, fatty-acid-binding protein 3, myoglobin, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin I, big endothelin 1, and creatine kinase-MB, along with clinical and anthropometric factors.

Lethal and intentional violent crimes against women in Alagoas, Northeast Brazil: a comparative study before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Background: The death of women as a result of violent crime has become a major social and health problem worldwide. Most of these crimes are committed by their partners. The Covid-19 pandemic seems to have amplified the problem, given that measures to contain the spread of the disease have exposed women to more prolonged contact with their aggressors.

Increased antinuclear (anti-Sm) antibodies in infertile patients with peritoneal endometriosis.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the intensity of five antibodies against extractable nuclear antigens (ENA: RNP, ScL-70, SS-B, SS-A, and Sm) in infertile patients with endometriosis.

Methods: We investigated infertile women with minimal/mild endometriosis (n=43) and fertile women (n=46).

Results: The intensity of immunoreactions was also similar for anti-RNP and anti-SS-A antibodies.

AIDS mortality in Brazil, 2012-2022: a time series study.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a health problem in Brazil and worldwide. Without treatment, the infection can progress to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), with a high mortality potential. The objective of this study was to analyze the time trend of AIDS mortality in Brazil, macro-regions, federal units and their respective capitals, from 2012 to 2022.

Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) as a potential biomarker for predicting death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Background: Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase protein that belongs to the pentraxin family, which plays an important role in the body's defense against pathogens. PTX3 levels have been associated with inflammatory processes, and it is a possible biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of different infectious diseases, including COVID-19. The objective of this study was to analyze the potential of PTX3 as a plasma biomarker for predicting death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Environmental pollution challenges public health surveillance: the case of mercury exposure and intoxication in Brazil.

Pollution, causing millions of deaths annually, disproportionally affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Mercury ranks among the three main chemicals of major public health concern, and even low levels can cause cardiovascular and nervous outcomes, with children and indigenous populations being especially vulnerable. Nearly 80% of all emissions in South America originate from the Amazon.

Primary care performance measurement in Brazil (Previne Brasil Program), 2022-2023.

Background: Previne Brasil is a new way of financing Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil that places users of public health services at the center of the system's analysis and attention through the use of seven performance indicators. This study aims to analyze the performance of Primary Health Care in Brazil under the new financing model (Previne Brasil) in the period from the first four months of 2022 to the first four months of 2023.

Methods: This is a territorial ecological study using secondary data from the Primary Care Health Information System (SISAB).

Can changes in land use in a semi-arid region of Brazil cause seasonal variation in energy partitioning and evapotranspiration?

Changes to forests due to deforestation, or their replacement by agricultural areas, alter evapotranspiration and the partitioning of available energy. This study investigated seasonal variations in the energy balance and evapotranspiration in landscapes under different levels of anthropogenic intervention in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Micrometeorological data was obtained from September 2020 to October 2022 for three areas of the semi-arid region: preserved Caatinga (CAA, native vegetation), Caatinga under regeneration (REGE) and a deforested area (DEFA).

Long-term complications and outcomes of therapeutic embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review.

Background: Embolization is a promising treatment strategy for cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, consensus regarding the main complications or long-term outcomes of embolization in AVMs remains lacking.

Objective: To characterize the most prevalent complications and long-term outcomes in patients with AVM undergoing therapeutic embolization.

Not Always Toxoplasmosis: Active Retinochoroiditis Presumably Secondary to Herpes in Eyes with Hyperpigmented Retinochoroidal Previous Scars.

Purpose: To demonstrate that the presence of active retinochoroiditis in eyes with previous hyperpigmented old retinochoroidal lesions is not exclusive of ocular toxoplasmosis.

Methods: A case series was constructed by reviewing medical records.

Results: Four Brazilian patients presenting active posterior uveitis in eyes with previous hyperpigmented old retinochoroidal lesions were identified.

Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) expression in patients with adenomyosis.

Objective: To compare Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) expression in patients with and without adenomyosis.

Methods: A prospective design was performed including 49 patients submitted to hysterectomy. Immunohistochemistry was performed on anatomopathological samples staged in paraffin blocks from patients with and without adenomyosis.

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the activities of the Schistosomiasis Control Program in Brazil: is the goal of controlling the disease by 2030 at risk?

Background: Schistosomiasis continues to represent a serious public health problem in Brazil. With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several control strategies were suspended, probably compromising the goals of eradicating the disease in the country. We aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Schistosomiasis Control Program (PCE) actions in all endemic states of Brazil.

Multi-trait selection for nutritional and physiological quality of cacao genotypes in irrigated and non-irrigated environments.

Water is a scarce, strategic resource and the most important input for economic development, especially in agricultural countries such as Brazil. Cocoa production is directly related to water availability, and, as climate changes, selecting drought-tolerant genotypes is vital to keep cacao crops sustainable. Here, we evaluated cacao genotypes under irrigated and water-stressed conditions and selected drought-tolerant ones based on nutritional and physiological traits.

Follicular fluid concentration of soluble Human-G Leukocytic Antigen (sHLA-G) in in vitro fertilization cycles of women with and without peritoneal endometriosis.

Objective: The objective of this research is to investigate the association between the concentrations of soluble human leukocyte G antigen (sHLA-G) in the follicular fluid (FF) in infertile patients with peritoneal endometriosis submitted to in vitro fertilization.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study, including ninety-six women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) ageing ≤ 40 years. Infertile patients were classified into two groups: with endometriosis diagnosed by laparoscopy and without endometriosis due to tubal factor.

Grape Pomace Rich-Phenolics and Anthocyanins Extract: Production by Pressurized Liquid Extraction in Intermittent Process and Encapsulation by Spray-Drying.

A considerable number of grape pomaces are generated annually. It represents a rich source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds and anthocyanins. Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) has emerged as a green technology for recovering bioactive compounds from vegetal matrixes.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Olfactory Dysfunction in Individuals with COVID-19 in Brazil: A Study of 20,669 Cases from 2020 to 2021.

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with olfactory dysfunction in individuals with COVID-19 in the first 2 years of the pandemic in Brazil.

Materials And Methods: This is a prevalent study involving the confirmed cases of COVID-19 recorded in the municipality between the years 2020 and 2021. Individuals symptomatic for COVID-19, with a positive laboratory result and aged 12 or older were included in this study.

High production polymorphisms protect against COVID-19 complications in critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) binds to SARS-CoV-2, inhibits infection of susceptible cells, and activates the complement system via the lectin pathway. In this study, we investigated the association of polymorphisms with the risk of hospitalization and clinical worsening in patients with COVID-19. A total of 550 patients with COVID-19 were included (94 non-hospitalized and 456 hospitalized).

Association of PTX3 gene polymorphisms and PTX3 plasma levels with leprosy susceptibility.

Background: Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a soluble pattern recognition receptor that plays a crucial role in modulating the inflammatory response and activating the complement system. Additionally, plasma PTX3 has emerged as a potential biomarker for various infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of PTX3 gene polymorphisms and PTX3 plasma levels with susceptibility to leprosy and clinical characteristics.

How is the water footprint of the species , , and influenced by abiotic stresses as water deficit and salinity?

In semi-arid regions, is necessary to explore strategies to mitigate abiotic stresses such as water deficit and salinity. This study aimed to evaluate the stress tolerance capacity of three species subjected to different water regimes and salinity levels, based on dry matter production and water use efficiency (WUE). The species , , and were evaluated in combination with different water regimes (50%, 75%, and 100% of reference evapotranspiration - ET) and salinity levels (0.

Mpox in Northeast Brazil: Spatiotemporal analysis and predictors associated with confirmed diagnosis.

The mpox outbreaks reported in several countries from May 2022 have shown an epidemiological profile different from that observed in previous years, raising a global public health alert. This issue is particularly important for Brazil, the second country with the highest number of mpox cases. Herein, we performed a retrospective cross-sectional study on mpox cases notified in Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil, between July 2022 and March 2023.

Bridging the Gaps: Investigating the Complex Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Records in Brazil.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the temporal evolution, spatial distribution, and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis records in a northeastern state of Brazil.

Methods: This is an ecological study involving all diagnoses of Tuberculosis (TB) in residents of the state of Pernambuco/Brazil. Data were extracted from the National System of Notifiable Diseases.