Recommendations for living donor kidney transplantation.

This Guide for Living Donor Kidney Transplantation (LDKT) has been prepared with the sponsorship of the Spanish Society of Nephrology (SEN), the Spanish Transplant Society (SET), and the Spanish National Transplant Organization (ONT). It updates evidence to offer the best chronic renal failure treatment when a potential living donor is available. The core aim of this Guide is to supply clinicians who evaluate living donors and transplant recipients with the best decision-making tools, to optimise their outcomes.

Live donor kidney transplantation. Situation analysis and roadmap.

Living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) is the best treatment option for end stage renal disease in terms of both patient and graft survival. However, figures on LDKT in Spain that had been continuously growing from 2005 to 2014, have experienced a continuous decrease in the last five years. One possible explanation for this decrease is that the significant increase in the number of deceased donors in Spain during the last years, both brain death and controlled circulatory death donors, might have generated the false idea that we have coped with the transplant needs.

Prediction of Antileishmanial Compounds: General Model, Preparation, and Evaluation of 2-Acylpyrrole Derivatives.

In this work, the SOFT.PTML tool has been used to pre-process a ChEMBL dataset of pre-clinical assays of antileishmanial compound candidates. A comparative study of different ML algorithms, such as logistic regression (LOGR), support vector machine (SVM), and random forests (RF), has shown that the IFPTML-LOGR model presents excellent values of specificity and sensitivity (81-98%) in training and validation series.

Learning to count biological structures with raters' uncertainty.

Exploiting well-labeled training sets has led deep learning models to astonishing results for counting biological structures in microscopy images. However, dealing with weak multi-rater annotations, i.e.

BreastScreening-AI: Evaluating medical intelligent agents for human-AI interactions.

In this paper, we developed BreastScreening-AI within two scenarios for the classification of multimodal beast images: (1) Clinician-Only; and (2) Clinician-AI. The novelty relies on the introduction of a deep learning method into a real clinical workflow for medical imaging diagnosis. We attempt to address three high-level goals in the two above scenarios.

Model-Agnostic Temporal Regularizer for Object Localization Using Motion Fields.

Video analysis often requires locating and tracking target objects. In some applications, the localization system has access to the full video, which allows fine-grain motion information to be estimated. This paper proposes capturing this information through motion fields and using it to improve the localization results.

Microwave-assisted palladium catalysed C-H acylation with aldehydes: synthesis and diversification of 3-acylthiophenes.

The use of MW allows the efficient palladium(II)-catalysed C-3 acylation of thiophenes with aldehydes C(sp)-H activation for the synthesis of (cyclo)alkyl/aryl thienyl ketones (43 examples). Compared to standard thermal conditions, the use of MW reduces the reaction time (15 to 30 min . 1 to 3 hours), leading to improved yields of the ketones (up to 92%).

CyCoSeg: A Cyclic Collaborative Framework for Automated Medical Image Segmentation.

Deep neural networks have been tremendously successful at segmenting objects in images. However, it has been shown they still have limitations on challenging problems such as the segmentation of medical images. The main reason behind this lower success resides in the reduced size of the object in the image.

Live donor kidney transplantation. Situation analysis and roadmap.

Living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) is the best treatment option for end stage renal disease in terms of both patient and graft survival. However, figures on LDKT in Spain that had been continuously growing from 2005 to 2014, have experienced a continuous decrease in the last five years. One possible explanation for this decrease is that the significant increase in the number of deceased donors in Spain during the last years, both brain death and controlled circulatory death donors, might have generated the false idea that we have coped with the transplant needs.

Improved short-term outcomes of kidney transplants in controlled donation after the circulatory determination of death with the use of normothermic regional perfusion.

Normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) allows the in situ perfusion of organs with oxygenated blood in donation after the circulatory determination of death (DCDD). We aimed at evaluating the impact of NRP on the short-term outcomes of kidney transplants in controlled DCDD (cDCDD). This is a multicenter, nationwide, retrospective study comparing cDCDD kidneys obtained with NRP versus the standard rapid recovery (RR) technique.

Enhanced recovery after low- and medium-risk liver transplantation. A single-center prospective observational cohort study.

Background & Aims: Few studies have fully applied an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol to liver transplantation (LT). Our aim was to assess the effects of a comprehensive ERAS protocol in our cohort of low- and medium-risk LT patients.

Methods: The ERAS protocol included pre-, intra-, and post-operative steps.

Pd(II)-Catalyzed C-H Acylation of (Hetero)arenes-Recent Advances.

Di(hetero)aryl ketones are important motifs present in natural products, pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals. In recent years, Pd(II)-catalyzed acylation of (hetero)arenes in the presence of an oxidant has emerged as a catalytic alternative to classical acylation methods, reducing the production of toxic metal waste. Different directing groups and acyl sources are being studied for this purpose, although further development is required to face mainly selectivity problems in order to be applied in the synthesis of more complex molecules.

High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity.

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic atrophic gastritis and peptic ulcers and it has been associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). One of the more remarkable characteristics of H. pylori is its ability to survive in the hostile environment of the stomach.

Full Transcriptomic Response of to an Inulin-Derived Fructooligosaccharide.

is an ubiquitous gram-negative opportunistic human pathogen which is not considered part of the human commensal gut microbiota. However, depletion of the intestinal microbiota (Dysbiosis) following antibiotic treatment facilitates the colonization of the intestinal tract by Multidrug-Resistant . One possible strategy is based on the use of functional foods with prebiotic activity.

A simple and reproducible method for quantification of human tear lipids with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Purpose: The purpose was to select a simple and reproducible method for lipid measurements of human tears with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). Two sample preparation procedures were evaluated and compared: the Bligh and Dyer (BD) liquid-liquid extraction method with chloroform and methanol and protein precipitation with isopropanol (IPA).

Methods: Reproducibility and recovery efficiencies of 20 non-endogenous internal lipid standards were tested in 10-µl tear samples from healthy subjects.

Deep Active Shape Model for Robust Object Fitting.

Object recognition and localization is still a very challenging problem, despite recent advances in deep learning (DL) approaches, especially for objects with varying shapes and appearances. Statistical models, such as an Active Shape Model (ASM), rely on a parametric model of the object, allowing an easy incorporation of prior knowledge about shape and appearance in a principled way. To take advantage of these benefits, this paper proposes a new ASM framework that addresses two tasks: (i) comparing the performance of several image features used to extract observations from an input image; and (ii) improving the performance of the model fitting by relying on a probabilistic framework that allows the use of multiple observations and is robust to the presence of outliers.

Homochiral and racemic MicroED structures of a peptide repeat from the ice-nucleation protein InaZ.

The ice-nucleation protein InaZ from contains a large number of degenerate repeats that span more than a quarter of its sequence and include the segment GSTSTA. structures of this repeat segment, resolved to 1.1 Å by microfocus X-ray crystallography and to 0.

Fast segmentation of the left ventricle in cardiac MRI using dynamic programming.

Background And Objective: The segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a necessary step for the analysis and diagnosis of cardiac function. In most clinical setups, this step is still manually performed by cardiologists, which is time-consuming and laborious. This paper proposes a fast system for the segmentation of the LV that significantly reduces human intervention.

Segmentation of the left ventricle in cardiac MRI using a probabilistic data association active shape model.

The 3D segmentation of endocardium of the left ventricle (LV) in cardiac MRI volumes is a challenging problem due to the intrinsic properties of this image modality. Typically, the object shape and position are estimated to fit the observed features collected from the images. The difficulty inherent to the LV segmentation in MRI is that the images contain outliers (i.

2D Segmentation Using a Robust Active Shape Model With the EM Algorithm.

Statistical shape models have been extensively used in a wide range of applications due to their effectiveness in providing prior shape information for object segmentation problems. The most popular method is the Active Shape Model (ASM). However, accurately fitting the shape model to an object boundary under a cluttered environment is a challenging task.

Automatic 3-D segmentation of endocardial border of the left ventricle from ultrasound images.

The segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) is an important task to assess the cardiac function in ultrasound images of the heart. This paper presents a novel methodology for the segmentation of the LV in three-dimensional (3-D) echocardiographic images based on the probabilistic data association filter (PDAF). The proposed methodology begins by initializing a 3-D deformable model either semiautomatically, with user input, or automatically, and it comprises the following feature hierarchical approach: 1) edge detection in the vicinity of the surface (low-level features); 2) edge grouping to obtain potential LV surface patches (mid-level features); and 3) patch filtering using a shape-PDAF framework (high-level features).

Performance evaluation of point matching algorithms for left ventricle motion analysis in MRI.

Finding correspondences between contour points in consecutive frames is crucial for the left ventricular motion analysis. In many medical applications, point correspondences can be determined by using distinctive anatomical features, called anatomical landmarks. However, in the case of cardiac images, these landmarks are scarce and insufficient for the registration.

Clinical profile and post-transplant anaemia in renal transplant recipients restarting dialysis after a failed graft: changing trends between 2001 and 2009.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical profile, outcome and the prevalence and management of anaemia between two cohorts of renal transplant patients with graft failure restarting dialysis in 2001 and 2009.

Methods: Cross-sectional, observational, retrospective and multicentre study of 397 patients in the 2001 cohort and 222 in the 2009 cohort. Data were recorded at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months before the onset of dialysis resumption and during the first 90 days after restarting dialysis (mortality and hospital admission).