Autologous Fat Versus Hydroxyapatite Cement for Use in Frontal Sinus Obliteration: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Frontal sinus obliteration is a possible terminus for the management of chronic sinusitis, frontal bone trauma, cancer extirpation, or mucocele. The mucosa of the sinus is stripped and space obliterated with either autogenic, allopathic, or synthetic materials. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of autologous fat and hydroxyapatite cement (HAC) for frontal sinus obliteration.

AMPATH surgical app: Low-cost simulator for the open appendectomy.

Background: Due to a shortage and maldistribution of surgeons within Kenya, doctors with limited formal surgical training often perform emergency surgical procedures such as appendectomy. This lack of training can compromise patient outcomes and complicate care delivery. Our aim was to develop a low-cost simulator and skills curriculum to effectively teach open appendectomy.

Evaluation of a First Responders Course in Rural North India.

Background: Most mortality in trauma occurs in prehospital settings when the golden hour is spent accessing healthcare facilities rather than resuscitating and stabilizing. Assessments performed in the rural community of Nanakpur, India demonstrated a significant paucity of, and limited access to healthcare facilities. To address deficiencies in prehospital care, the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) constructed the Basic Emergency Care Course (BECC).

Neuromyelitis optica in child: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare syndrome of severe inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system, causing attacks of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. Although uncommon, attention should be given to the proper identification and management of the affected patients. We present a case of a 13-year-old girl with severe neuromyelitis optica.

Normal pediatric prevertebral soft-tissue thickness on MDCT.

Objective: The thickness of the prevertebral soft tissue (PVST) is instrumental in helping detect cervical spine injuries in the pediatric population. Current parameters for normal PVST thickness in that population are based on lateral radiographs because there have been no studies to date defining age-dependent normal measurements on MDCT. With the increasingly important role of MDCT in the evaluation of pediatric trauma patients, it is necessary to establish normal values for pediatric PVST thickness on MDCT images.

Movement of abdominal structures on magnetic resonance imaging during positioning changes related to lateral lumbar spine surgery: a morphometric study: Clinical article.

Object: The minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion of the lumbar spine through a retroperitoneal transpsoas approach has become increasingly used. Although preoperative imaging is performed supine, the procedure is performed with the patient in the lateral decubitus position. The authors measured the changes in location of the psoas muscle, aorta, inferior vena cava (IVC), iliac vessels, and kidneys with regard to the fixed lumbar spine when moving from a supine to a lateral decubitus position.

Evaluation of the C1-C2 articulation on MDCT in healthy children and young adults.

Objective: We aimed to establish normal values on MDCT images for the atlantoaxial relationships including the atlantoaxial interval and lateral atlantodens interval (ADI) that could be used to detect atlantoaxial ligamentous injuries in adults and children.

Materials And Methods: One hundred seventy-eight healthy adult patients between 20 and 40 years old and 112 pediatric patients between 2 months and 10 years old underwent cervical spine MDCT with multiplanar reconstructions. The width of the joint space between the lateral mass of C1 and the lateral mass of C2 was measured at three equidistant points on both the left and right sides on coronal reformatted images to determine the atlantoaxial interval.

Evaluation of the pediatric craniocervical junction on MDCT.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to establish normal values on MDCT images for the measurement of various craniocervical junction relationships in children and to address discrepancies in the literature based on radiographic values.

Materials And Methods: Accepted methods of evaluating the craniocervical junction were used to calculate normal values in 117 normal children on MDCT images with multiplanar reconstructions. The basion-axial interval, basion-dens interval, Powers ratio, atlantodental interval, and atlantooccipital interval were measured in each patient and compared with accepted data based on radiographs.