Factors and competitiveness analysis in rare earth mining, new methodology: case study from Brazil.

Rare earths are increasingly being applied in high-tech industries, such as green energy (e.g. wind power), hybrid cars, electric cars, permanent high-performance magnets, superconductors, luminophores and many other industrial sectors involved in modern technologies.

An economic analysis of the processing technologies in CDW recycling platforms.

This paper proposes an economic analysis of three different types of processing in CDW (construction and demolition waste) recycling platforms, according to the sophistication of the processing technologies (current advanced, advanced and advanced sorting). The methodology that is adopted is in the economic evaluation concept of projects and is classified with a scoping study phase. In these contexts, three levels of CDW processing capabilities for recycling platforms are analyzed (100, 300 and 600 thousand tons per year).

Report: the current situation of sanitary landfills in Brazil and the importance of the application of economic models.

We present the development stage of the sanitary landfills in Brazil in the context of urban solid residue management, demonstrating the necessity and importance of the employment of economic models. In the article, a cost estimate model is proposed as the basis for studies to be applied by sector management, including the city council, companies, consultants and engineers, contributing to the choice of new areas, public bids, municipal consortia and private public partnerships.

Optical influence of the type of illuminant, substrates and thickness of ceramic materials.

Objectives: The present study is an instrumental evaluation of the optical influence of the type of illuminant, substrate and different thickness on the color of dental ceramics.

Methods: Thirty ceramic disks were prepared from IPS-Empress and IPS-Empress2 in three different thicknesses (1.5, 2.