CDN1163, an activator of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase, up-regulates mitochondrial functions and protects against lipotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells.

Background And Purpose: High levels of Ca in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), established by the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA), are required for protein folding and cell signalling. Excessive ER Ca release or decreased SERCA activity induces unfolded protein accumulation and ER stress in pancreatic β-cells, leading to defective insulin secretion and diabetes. Here we have investigated the consequences of enhancing ER Ca uptake on β-cell survival and function.

Effects of reactive oxygen species generation induced by Wonju City particulate matter on mitochondrial dysfunction in human middle ear cell.

Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) contains different components that can elicit varying adverse health effects in humans and animals. Studies on PM toxicity and its underlying mechanisms in the middle ear are limited, and they generally use a PM standard. However, as PM composition varies temporally and geographically, it is crucial to identify the toxic PM constituents according to season and region and investigate their associated health effects.