Comparison Between Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite and Autogenous Bone Graft in Bone Regeneration Applications: Biochemical Mechanisms and Morphological Analysis.

It was assumed that only autogenous bone had appropriate osteoconductive and osteoindutive properties for bone regeneration, but this assumption has been challenged. Many studies have shown that synthetic biomaterials must be considered as the best choice for guided bone regeneration. The objective of this work is to compare the performances of nanohydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (n-HA/β-TCP) composite and autogenous bone grafting in bone regeneration applications.

Reciprocating Torsional Fatigue and Mechanical Tests of Thermal-Treated Nickel Titanium Instruments.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties of Reciproc, Reciproc Blue, One RECI, and R-Motion, specifically focusing on their flexibility and buckling resistance and to assess their torsional fatigue behavior under 2 different reciprocation angles (150°/30° or 70°/30°).

Methods: A total of 160 instruments (40 per brand) were tested. Flexion and buckling tests were conducted using a Universal testing machine (DL 200 MF).

Measurement of bone deformation and insertion torque during dental implant installation.

Aim: Insertion of dental implants causes bone deformation and induces residual bone compression stress, which can lead to implant failure if the bone loss threshold is exceeded. The current literature about bone stress is restricted to computer simulations and implant primary stability measurements after installation. This work measures the torque and deformation during implant insertion testing.

Fluoride-modified implant surfaces improves osseointegration in the tibias of rats with induced diabetes.

This study evaluated the influence of a fluoride-modified titanium surface on osseointegration in rats with induced diabetes. One hundred and eighty rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups with 60 animals each: Control group (C): Animals without diabetes; Diabetes Group (D): Animals with uncontrolled induced diabetes; Controlled Diabetes Group (CD): Animals with diabetes induced controlled by the insulin administration. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection.

Surface topography of resorbable porcine collagen membranes, and their effect on early osteogenesis: An in vitro study.

Objective: Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is based on the use of different membranes that function as sealants and barriers in specific clinical situations. Among the several tissue production methods and origins, resorbable porcine-derived membranes are the most commonly used. Because these membranes are so diverse, and have several different clinical applications, doubts linger as to their effect in stimulating osteogenesis.

Titanium Coated with Graphene and Niobium Pentoxide for Biomaterial Applications.

Graphene and niobium oxide are used in biomaterial coatings. In this work, commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) was coated with graphene oxide (GO), niobium pentoxide (NbO), and a mixture of both materials (NbGO) by the electrochemical deposition method. The surface morphology, roughness, wettability, and degradation of coated and uncoated samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, interferometry, and contact angle.

A Lip Repositioning Technique Using Polyester Threads for Gummy Smile Treatment.

A new technique is proposed in this study to correct the gummy smile (GS) with myotomy, combining lip repositioning with the insertion of polyester threads at the surgical site to act as a physical barrier and control relapse. 11 patients were clinically assessed (30.2 ± 7.

Influence of Heat Treatment of Nickel-Titanium Instruments on Cyclic Fatigue Resistance in Simulated Curved Canals.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue of heat-treated and non-treated instruments.

Materials And Methods:  Twenty instruments with and without heat treatment from Bassi Logic were evaluated ( = 10). All instruments were subjected to dynamic cyclic fatigue through continuous rotations inside a stainless-steel tube (1.

Effect of cigarette smoke on aesthetic brackets: an in vitro study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoke (CS) on physical and mechanical properties of ceramic, polycarbonate and alumina ceramic brackets. The null hypothesis tested was that aesthetic brackets would not be influenced by CS.

Methods: Ninety aesthetic brackets were allocated to three groups (n = 30): ceramic (GCE), polycarbonate (GCO) and alumina ceramic (GPS).

Comparison between different fracture toughness techniques in zirconia dental ceramics.

Vickers indentation (IF) and single-edge-V-notched beam (SEVNB), to measure the fracture toughness (K ) of zirconia-based dental ceramics and mathematical models were proposed to establish a correlation between both. Zirconia (ZrO ) stabilized with 3 mol. % of Y O (3Y-TZP) and 5 mol% of Y O (5Y-PSZ) were compacted (n = 42) and sintered for 2 h at different temperatures (1475°C, 1500°C, 1550°C, or 1600°C).

Physical Properties and Color Stainability by Coffee and Red Wine of Opaque and High Translucency Zirconia Dental Ceramics after Hydrothermal Degradation.

The objective was to evaluate the bending strength, phase transformation, roughness, and color stainability by coffee and red wine of opaque and high translucency yttria-stabilized zirconia before and after hydrothermal degradation in saline solution or oral mouthwash. Presintered zirconia blocks with medium opacity (ZrO-3 mol. % of YO) designed as ZrOp and high translucency zirconia (5.

Flexural Strength of Vitreous Ceramics Based on Lithium Disilicate and Lithium Silicate Reinforced with Zirconia for CAD/CAM.

The dental prosthesis market is rapidly evolving to meet patient and clinical demands. These new materials must have good flexural strength, toughness, aesthetic properties, and reliability in performance for structural applications. The present work aimed to compare the bending strength of 4 types of chairside lithium disilicate (LiSiO) glass-ceramics used for dental prosthesis and to analyze the influence of heat treatment on the transformation of lithium metasilicate (LiSiO) into lithium disilicate.

Surface Characteristics and Microbiological Analysis of a Vat-Photopolymerization Additive-Manufacturing Dental Resin.

The wide application of additive manufacturing in dentistry implies the further investigation into oral micro-organism adhesion and biofilm formation on vat-photopolymerization (VP) dental resins. The surface characteristics and microbiological analysis of a VP dental resin, printed at resolutions of 50 μm (EG-50) and 100 μm (EG-100), were evaluated against an auto-polymerizing acrylic resin (CG). Samples were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope, a scanning white-light interferometer, and analyzed for and biofilm, as well as antifungal and antimicrobial activity.

Assessment of frictional resistance and surface roughness in orthodontic wires coated with two different nanoparticles.

Several mechanical and biological factors may change the orthodontic wire frictional resistance (FR). Titanium dioxide (TiO ) and silica dioxide (SiO ) nanoparticle (NP) coatings may be used to improve the characteristics of materials, reducing FR between archwire and bracket. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the FR of orthodontic wires with and without coating in both dry and wet environments and measure the surface roughness (SR).

Ultrastructural and Physicochemical Characterization of a Non-Crosslinked Type 1 Bovine Derived Collagen Membrane.

In this work, in vitro testing was used to study the properties of non-crosslinked type 1 bovine derived collagen membranes used in bone regeneration surgery. Collagen membranes were prepared, their surface roughness was quantified by interferometry, their morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), their wettability was measured by the contact angle technique, their mechanical properties were investigated by tensile testing, their phase transformation temperatures were measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and their biocompatibility was evaluated by immunological testing. The calorimetry tests showed that the membrane is formed only by type 1 collagen.

Galvanic Corrosion of Ti Dental Implants Coupled to CoCrMo Prosthetic Component.

Dental implant systems are composed of an implant, prosthetic components, and a crown. Since the implants are made of commercially pure Ti (cp Ti) and prosthetic components are often made of Ti and CoCrMo alloys, a galvanic couple between these two devices may lead to galvanic corrosion, ions release, and even loss of the implant. This study aimed to investigate the corrosion resistance and measure the galvanic potential between cp Ti alloys (annealed microstructured cp Ti G4 and cold-worked nanostructured cp Ti G4) and a CoCrMo alloy.

Comparison of feldspathic veneer surface treatments on ceramic bracket SBS, ARI and surface roughness after different debonding/polishing methods: An in vitro study.

Objectives: To analyse, in vitro, surface properties and the shear bond strength after debonding and polishing procedures of ceramic brackets directly bonded to 0.3-0.5-mm thick feldspathic veneers.

In vitro analysis of prosthetic abutment and angulable frictional implant interface adaptation: Mechanical and microbiological study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the microbiological sealing at the implant and different angles frictional prosthetic abutment interface, submitted or not to mechanical cycling, as well as the deactivation force and evaluation of the implant-abutment interface by scanning electron microscopy. For this study, the sealing capacity of eighty sets of abutments/implants of each angle, with and without mechanical cycling, with internal conical connection (locking tapper) (4.3 mm × 9.

Effect of sintering process on microstructure, 4-point flexural strength, and grain size of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal for use in monolithic dental restorations.

Statement Of Problem: Modifications have been made in the microstructure and sintering parameters of monolithic zirconia to improve esthetics qualities and avoid chipping of 2-layer restorations. However, how these modifications affect the physical and mechanical properties of zirconia is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the influence of different sintering parameters on the microstructure, 4-point flexural strength, density, and grain size of 2 commercially available zirconia advocated for the fabrication of monolithic dental prostheses and 1 commercially available zirconia for use as a core material.

Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE): how to achieve greater stability. In vitro study.

Objective: Assess the influence of mono- and bicortical anchorage and diameter of mini-implants (MIs) on the primary stability of these devices.

Methods: 60 self-drilling MIs were distributed in six groups according to diameter (1.5mm, 1.

Effect of focal adhesion kinase inhibition on osteoblastic cells grown on titanium with different topographies.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the participation of focal adhesion kinases (FAK) in interactions between osteoblastic cells and titanium (Ti) surfaces with three different topographies, namely, untreated (US), microstructured (MS), and nanostructured (NS).

Methodology: Osteoblasts harvested from the calvarial bones of 3-day-old rats were cultured on US, MS and NS discs in the presence of PF-573228 (FAK inhibitor) to evaluate osteoblastic differentiation. After 24 h, we evaluated osteoblast morphology and vinculin expression, and on day 10, the following parameters: gene expression of osteoblastic markers and integrin signaling components, FAK protein expression and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.

Nanosized hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate composite: Physico-chemical, cytotoxicity, morphological properties and in vivo trial.

The objective of this work was to characterize the properties of a synthetic biomaterial composite with nanoparticles size (Blue Bone). This biomaterial is a composite recommended for dental and orthopedic grafting surgery, for guided bone regeneration, including maxillary sinus lift, fresh alveolus filling, and treatment of furcation lesions. The nano biomaterials surface area is from 30% to 50% higher than those with micro dimensions.

Viability and collagen secretion by fibroblasts on titanium surfaces with different acid-etching protocols.

Background: From the consolidation of surface treatments of dental implants and knowledge on the cellular mechanisms of osseointegration, studies have highlighted the importance of a connective tissue seal against the implant to prevent contamination from the oral environment and consequent biofilm formation.

Objective: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate whether different titanium surface treatments using acid solutions promoted an increase in collagen secretion, proliferation, and viability of fibroblasts.

Material And Methods: Commercially pure grade-4 titanium disks (6 × 2 mm) were treated with different acid solutions (hydrochloric, nitric, and sulfuric) for 20 and 60 min, respectively, obtaining mean surface roughness of 0.

Modeling of the Influence of Chemical Composition, Sintering Temperature, Density, and Thickness in the Light Transmittance of Four Zirconia Dental Prostheses.

Research has increasingly been conducted to improve the toughness and aesthetics of zirconium oxide (zirconia) used in prosthetic dentistry. However, the balance between better mechanical properties and greater translucency, to ensure aesthetic requirements, is still a challenge in the development of a novel zirconia for dentistry applications. This study evaluated the transmittance of visible light for four types of pre-sintered zirconia blocks used in dentistry (3Y-SBE, Zpex, Zpex-4, and Zpex-Smile).