Usefulness of sonication in the microbiological diagnosis of cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections: systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Multiple studies have demonstrated the utility of sonication to improve culture yield in patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections.

Objective: To analyze the usefulness of sonication in the microbiological diagnosis of CIED infections in comparison with traditional cultures.

Methods: Systematic database searches were performed to identify studies that provided enough data concerning both sensitivity and specificity of traditional (non-sonicated) and sonicated cultures from CIED samples.

FlowUTI: An interactive web-application for optimizing the use of flow cytometry as a screening tool in urinary tract infections.

Due to the high prevalence of patients attending with urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms, the use of flow-cytometry as a rapid screening tool to avoid unnecessary cultures is becoming a widely used system in clinical practice. However, the recommended cut-points applied in flow-cytometry systems differ substantially among authors, making it difficult to obtain reliable conclusions. Here, we present FlowUTI, a shiny web-application created to establish optimal cut-off values in flow-cytometry for different UTI markers, such as bacterial or leukocyte counts, in urine from patients with UTI symptoms.

Prognostic Significance of the Relative Load of KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae within the Intestinal Microbiota in a Prospective Cohort of Colonized Patients.

Increased relative bacterial load of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-KP) within the intestinal microbiota has been associated with KPC-KP bacteremia. Prospective observational study of KPC-KP adult carriers with a hospital admission at recruitment or within the three prior months (January 2018 to February 2019). A qPCR-based assay was developed to measure the relative load of KPC-KP in rectal swabs (RL, proportion of relative to 16S rRNA gene copy number).

Body mass index interacts with a genetic-risk score for depression increasing the risk of the disease in high-susceptibility individuals.

Depression is strongly associated with obesity among other chronic physical diseases. The latest mega- and meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies have identified multiple risk loci robustly associated with depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether a genetic-risk score (GRS) combining multiple depression risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) might have utility in the prediction of this disorder in individuals with obesity.

Use of a personalised depression intervention in primary care to prevent anxiety: a secondary study of a cluster randomised trial.

Background: In the predictD-intervention, GPs used a personalised biopsychosocial programme to prevent depression. This reduced the incidence of major depression by 21.0%, although the results were not statistically significant.

Patterns of primary care among persons with schizophrenia: the role of patients, general practitioners and centre factors.

Background: Patients with schizophrenia and related disorders have more physical problems than the general population. Primary care professionals play an important role in the care of these patients as they are the main entry point into the healthcare system. We aimed to identify patient, general practitioner, and primary care centre factors associated with the number of visits of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders to general practitioners.

Recording of cardiovascular risk factors by general practitioners in patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Patients with schizophrenia and related disorders (SRD) are more predisposed to having cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) compared to the general population due to a combination of lifestyle factors and exposure to antipsychotic medications. We aimed to analyse the documentation practices of CVRFs by general practitioners (GPs) and its associations with patient variables in a sample of persons with SRD.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 primary care centres (PCCs) in Malaga (Spain).

Family physicians' views on participating in prevention of major depression. The predictD-EVAL qualitative study.

Background: The predictD intervention, a multicomponent intervention delivered by family physicians (FPs), reduced the incidence of major depression by 21% versus the control group and was cost-effective. A qualitative methodology was proposed to identify the mechanisms of action of these complex interventions.

Purpose: To seek the opinions of these FPs on the potential successful components of the predictD intervention for the primary prevention of depression in primary care and to identify areas for improvement.

Severe Mental Illness in Community Mental Health Care in Spain: Prevalence and Related Factors.

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of severe mental illness (SMI) in patients in contact with mental health services and to determine the factors associated with SMI. A total of 260 patients who met diagnostic criteria for SMI were assessed using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and Health of the Nation Outcome Scales. The overall prevalence of SMI was 6.

A personalized intervention to prevent depression in primary care: cost-effectiveness study nested into a clustered randomized trial.

Background: Depression is viewed as a major and increasing public health issue, as it causes high distress in the people experiencing it and considerable financial costs to society. Efforts are being made to reduce this burden by preventing depression. A critical component of this strategy is the ability to assess the individual level and profile of risk for the development of major depression.

Effectiveness of Psychological and/or Educational Interventions in the Prevention of Anxiety: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression.

Importance: To our knowledge, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of preventive psychological and/or educational interventions for anxiety in varied populations.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of preventive psychological and/or educational interventions for anxiety in varied population types.

Data Sources: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted based on literature searches of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, OpenGrey, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and other sources from inception to March 7, 2017.

Effectiveness of Psychological and Educational Interventions to Prevent Depression in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Although evidence exists for the efficacy of psychosocial interventions to prevent the onset of depression, little is known about its prevention in primary care. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological and educational interventions to prevent depression in primary care.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of psychological and educational interventions to prevent depression in nondepressed primary care attendees.

Time to positivity of blood cultures in patients with bloodstream infections: A useful prognostic tool.

Objective: The time to positivity (TTP) of blood cultures in patients with bloodstream infections (BSIs) has been considered to be a possible prognostic tool for some bacterial species. However, notable differences have been found between sampling designs and statistical methods in published studies to date, which makes it difficult to compare results or to derive reliable conclusions. Our objective was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological implications of TTP among patients with BSI caused by the most common pathogens.

Intervention to Prevent Major Depression in Primary Care: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Background: Not enough is known about universal prevention of depression in adults.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to prevent major depression.

Design: Multicenter, cluster randomized trial with sites randomly assigned to usual care or an intervention.

Evaluation and optimization of the Sysmex UF1000i system for the screening of urinary tract infection in primary health care elderly patients.

Objective: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common problem in the elderly population. Urine culture is still considered the "gold standard" to diagnose infection in this population. However, urine cultures are laborious and costly, and most samples will yield no growth.

Preventing the onset of major depression based on the level and profile of risk of primary care attendees: protocol of a cluster randomised trial (the predictD-CCRT study).

Background: The 'predictD algorithm' provides an estimate of the level and profile of risk of the onset of major depression in primary care attendees. This gives us the opportunity to develop interventions to prevent depression in a personalized way. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a new intervention, personalized and implemented by family physicians (FPs), to prevent the onset of episodes of major depression.