Global Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Through 2050.

Importance: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory condition that is associated with significant health and economic burden worldwide. Previous studies assessed the global current-day prevalence of COPD, but to better facilitate resource planning and intervention development, long-term projections are needed.

Objective: To assess the global burden of COPD through 2050, considering COPD risk factors.

Dose-Response Relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Therapy Adherence and Healthcare Utilization.

Clear definition of optimal positive airway pressure therapy usage in patients with obstructive sleep apnea is not possible because of scarce data on the relationship between usage hours and major clinical outcomes. To investigate the dose-response relationship between positive airway pressure usage and healthcare resource utilization and determine the minimum device usage required for benefit. A linked data set combined deidentified payer-sourced administrative medical/pharmacy claims data from more than 100 U.

Association between positive airway pressure therapy adherence and health care resource utilization in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes in the United States.

Study Objectives: There is a complex interplay between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and type 2 diabetes. There are minimal data regarding the effects of treating OSA with positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on outcomes and health care resource utilization (HCRU) in patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the impact of PAP adherence on HCRU and costs in this population.

Impact of Positive Airway Pressure Therapy Adherence on Outcomes in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

The co-occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, termed overlap syndrome, has a poor prognosis. However, data on positive airway pressure (PAP) treatments and their impact on outcomes and costs are lacking. This retrospective observational study investigated the effects of PAP on health outcomes, resource usage, and costs in patients with overlap syndrome.

Characterizing respiratory parameters, settings, and adherence in real-world patients using adaptive servo ventilation therapy: big data analysis.

Study Objectives: There is minimal guidance around how to optimize inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) levels during use of adaptive servo ventilation (ASV) in clinical practice. This real-world data analysis investigated the effects of IPAP and minimum pressure support settings on respiratory parameters and adherence in ASV-treated patients.

Methods: A United States-based telemonitoring database was queried for patients starting ASV between August 1, 2014 and November 30, 2019.

Positive Airway Pressure Therapy Adherence with Mask Resupply: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

There are currently few data on the impact of mask resupply on longer-term adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. This retrospective analysis investigated the effects of mask/mask cushion resupply on the adherence to PAP versus no resupply. Deidentified patient billing data for PAP supply items were merged with telemonitoring data from Cloud-connected AirSense 10/AirCurve 10 devices via AirView (ResMed).

Adherence in children using positive airway pressure therapy: a big-data analysis.

Background: Positive airway pressure (PAP) has become a prominent treatment for children with sleep-disordered breathing. However, there are no large-scale studies to clarify whether PAP is well tolerated in children, and which factors are associated with better adherence to PAP therapy. In this study, we aimed to clarify adherence patterns of PAP therapy in a large paediatric population.

Adherence with positive airway pressure therapy for obstructive sleep apnea in developing vs. developed countries: a big data study.

Study Objectives: Minimal focus has been placed on variations in health care delivery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study compared positive airway pressure usage in developing countries (Brazil and Mexico) vs. a developed country (United States) and investigated the impact of a patient engagement tool (myAir; ResMed, San Diego, CA) on adherence.

Estimation of the global prevalence and burden of obstructive sleep apnoea: a literature-based analysis.

Background: There is a scarcity of published data on the global prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea, a disorder associated with major neurocognitive and cardiovascular sequelae. We used publicly available data and contacted key opinion leaders to estimate the global prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase to identify published studies reporting the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea based on objective testing methods.

Compliance after switching from CPAP to bilevel for patients with non-compliant OSA: big data analysis.

Introduction: For patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) who are initially non-compliant with continuous (automatic) positive airway pressure (CPAP/APAP) therapy, a bilevel PAP (Spont/VAuto) therapy transition pathway is available to improve therapy adherence. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare PAP therapy usage data of patients with non-compliant OSA (ncOSA) on CPAP/APAP who were switched to bilevel PAP.

Methods: A PAP telemonitoring database was queried between 1 January 2015 and 31 July 2016 for eligible patients started on CPAP/APAP and non-CMS (United States Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services) compliant and switched to bilevel PAP within 90 days of starting CPAP/APAP therapy.

Predicting Readmission at Early Hospitalization Using Electronic Clinical Data: An Early Readmission Risk Score.

Background: Identifying patients at high risk for readmission early during hospitalization may aid efforts in reducing readmissions. We sought to develop an early readmission risk predictive model using automated clinical data available at hospital admission.

Methods: We developed an early readmission risk model using a derivation cohort and validated the model with a validation cohort.

Predicting the risk for hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infection (HO-CDI) at the time of inpatient admission: HO-CDI risk score.

Objective: To predict the likelihood of hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infection (HO-CDI) based on patient clinical presentations at admission

Design: Retrospective data analysis

Setting: Six US acute care hospitals

Patients: Adult inpatients

Methods: We used clinical data collected at the time of admission in electronic health record (EHR) systems to develop and validate a HO-CDI predictive model. The outcome measure was HO-CDI cases identified by a nonduplicate positive C. difficile toxin assay result with stool specimens collected >48 hours after inpatient admission.

Using electronic health record data to develop inpatient mortality predictive model: Acute Laboratory Risk of Mortality Score (ALaRMS).

Objective: Using numeric laboratory data and administrative data from hospital electronic health record (EHR) systems, to develop an inpatient mortality predictive model.

Methods: Using EHR data of 1,428,824 adult discharges from 70 hospitals in 2006-2007, we developed the Acute Laboratory Risk of Mortality Score (ALaRMS) using age, gender, and initial laboratory values on admission as candidate variables. We then added administrative variables using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)'s clinical classification software (CCS) and comorbidity software (CS) as disease classification tools.

An Empirical Model to Predict Styrene Emissions from Fiber-Reinforced Plastics Fabrication Processes.

Styrene is a designated hazardous air pollutant, per the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. It is also a tropospheric ozone precursor. Fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) fabrication is the primary source of anthropogenic styrene emissions in the United States.

Comparison of Analytical Techniques for Measuring Hydrocarbon Emissions from the Manufacture of Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastics.

Research Triangle Institute and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency conducted several projects to measure hydrocarbon emissions associated with the manufacture of fiberglass-reinforced plastics.

Evaluation of Innovative Ink Feed Systems for the Flexographic and Gravure Printing Industries.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Research Triangle Institute, working under a cooperative agreement, have investigated source reduction technologies available to the gravure and flexographic segments of the printing industry.