Hospitalizations due to gastrointestinal Chagas disease: National registry.

Objectives: Analyze the hospitalizations of patients admitted for Chagas disease with gastro-intestinal involvement (CD-GI) in the Brazilian Unified Health System, describe the epidemiological profile, mortality and costs.

Methods: This is an observational study that uses secondary data from the National Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS) for the years 2017-2019. CD-GI admissions were defined by specific ICD-10 codes that identify the main diagnosis.

Population pharmacokinetic modeling of benznidazole in Brazilian patients with chronic Chagas disease.

The present study aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) modeling of benznidazole (BZD) in Brazilian patients with chronic Chagas disease. This was part of a Brazilian prospective cohort study with eight patients diagnosed with Chagas disease during the beginning of BZD treatment up to the 60th day. On the 15th day of treatment, a blood sampling was collected and analyzed.

HIV primary drug resistance and associated HIV risk factors among HIV positive blood donors in Brazil from 2007 to 2017.

Background: Acquisition of HIV primary drug resistant (PDR) infection can lead to poor virologic and clinical outcomes in individuals and hampers public health efforts in epidemic control. Monitoring PDR in HIV-positive blood donors can be used to inform nationwide trends in the spread of drug-resistant HIV strains.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using genetic sequence analysis to assess HIV pol sequences, PDR, and risk factors for infection using audio computer-assisted structured interviews in four large blood centers in Brazil from 2007 to 2017.

Galectin-3 Associated with Severe Forms and Long-term Mortality in Patients with Chagas Disease.

Background: The histopathological characteristics of Chagas disease (ChD) are: presence of myocarditis, destruction of heart fibers, and myocardial fibrosis. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a biomarker involved in the mechanism of fibrosis and inflammation that may be useful for risk stratification of individuals with ChD.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate whether high Gal-3 levels are associated with severe forms of Chagas cardiomyopathy (CC) and whether they are predictive of mortality.

Galectin-3 Levels in Patients with Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis.

Background Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a proinflammatory, profibrotic molecule implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure. The role of Gal-3 in patients with chronic constrictive pericarditis (CCP) is not clear. Objective The aim of this study was to assess plasma Gal-3 in patients with CCP and correlate it with clinical, functional and histologic parameters.

Risk Score for Predicting 2-Year Mortality in Patients With Chagas Cardiomyopathy From Endemic Areas: SaMi-Trop Cohort Study.

Background Risk stratification of Chagas disease patients in the limited-resource setting would be helpful in crafting management strategies. We developed a score to predict 2-year mortality in patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy from remote endemic areas. Methods and Results This study enrolled 1551 patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy from Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from the SaMi-Trop cohort (The São Paulo-Minas Gerais Tropical Medicine Research Center).

ELISA Saliva for Antibody Detection: An Alternative for Serological Surveys in Endemic Regions.

Chagas is a neglected disease endemic in Latin America. Vector transmission control had been aggressively performed. Recent entomological surveillance in Brazil has revealed natural infection rates ranging from 0.

Efficacy of sofosbuvir as treatment for yellow fever: protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Brazil (SOFFA study).

Introduction: An ongoing outbreak of yellow fever (YF) has been reported in Brazil with 1261 confirmed cases and 409 deaths since July 2017. To date, there is no specific treatment available for YF. Recently published papers describing in vitro and animal models suggest a potential effect of antiviral drugs (approved for the treatment of hepatitis virus) against flaviviruses, including YF.

Social and behavioral characteristics of male blood donors and their sexual partners: an analysis to define risk subsets.

Background: Men who have sex with men in Brazil are deferred from donation for 1 year since their last sexual contact. Legal proceedings in front of the Brazilian Supreme Court could compel blood collection agencies to discontinue use of sexual orientation questions.

Methods: Data from male participants in a completed HIV risk factor case-control study were used to evaluate whether it is possible to differentiate donors at lower and higher risk for HIV using two analytical approaches: latent class and random forest analyses.

Lack of evidence of seronegative infection in an endemic area of Chagas disease.

The diagnosis of Chagas disease is based on the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi)-specific antibodies. Nonetheless, there is concern about the sensitivity of current serological assays due to reports of T.

Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV coinfection: current perspectives.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by and . The burden of VL is concentrated in tropical and subtropical areas; however, HIV infection has spread VL over a hyperendemic area. Several outcomes are observed as a result of VL-HIV coinfection.

Para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in a patient in Brazil: a case report.

Visceral leishmaniasis is common in Brazil and is caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum/chagasi. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis frequently follows visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. donovani, and para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis refers to an uncommon presentation wherein it occurs simultaneously along with visceral leishmaniasis.

Importance of Clinical and Laboratory Findings in the Diagnosis and Surgical Prognosis of Patients with Constrictive Pericarditis.

Background: International studies have reported the value of the clinical profile and laboratory findings in the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. However, Brazilian population data are scarce.

Objective: To assess the clinical characteristics, sensitivity of imaging tests and factors related to the death of patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing pericardiectomy.

Leishmaniasis-HIV coinfection: current challenges.

Leishmaniasis - human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection can manifest itself as tegumentary or visceral leishmaniasis. Almost 35 countries have reported autochthonous coinfections. Visceral leishmaniasis is more frequently described.