Can photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) control blood glucose levels and alter muscle glycogen synthesis?

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has many effects on the energy metabolism of musculoskeletal tissue, such as increased glycogen and adenosine triphosphate synthesis. In addition, these effects may be due to a systemic blood glucose control. Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly and equally allocated into four groups: sham, PBMT 10 J/cm, PBMT 30 J/cm and PBMT 60 J/cm.

Electrical stimulation attenuates morphological alterations and prevents atrophy of the denervated cranial tibial muscle.

Objective: To investigate if electrical stimulation through Russian current is able to maintain morphology of the cranial tibial muscle of experimentally denervated rats.

Methods: Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into four groups: the Initial Control Group, Final Control Group, Experimental Denervated and Treated Group, Experimental Denervated Group. The electrostimulation was performed with a protocol of Russian current applied three times per week, for 45 days.