Long-term trajectory of estimated glomerular filtration rate in ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure: clinical insights and prognostic implications.

Background: Although previous studies have evaluated renal function decline in patients with heart failure (HF), there is limited evidence on long-term renal trajectories, especially in patients with concomitant HF and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aims to provide a detailed analysis of renal function decline over an extended follow-up period in a well-characterized cohort of patients with HF and T2D.

Methods: This is a post hoc subanalysis of a prospective registry involving ambulatory patients with HF and T2D referred to a specialized HF clinic.