Comparative Outcomes of Day-case Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Versus Conventional Inpatient Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of PCNL performed as a day-case surgery in comparison to inpatient PCNL.

Methods: Databases were searched up to January 27, 2024, for randomized and non-randomized studies comparing outcomes between day-case PCNL and inpatient PCNL. Pooled data were analyzed using a random-effects (RE) model when Higgins I2% heterogeneity values were >50%; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was employed.