Prescription of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in emergency care units and return for follow-up appointments in specialized services in Salvador, Brazil, 2018: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To analyze HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) prescription and return for follow-up appointments.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study using data on people who sought PEP in emergency care units (UPAs) and specialized medical services in Salvador, BA, Brazil, between January-December/2018.

Results: Of the 1,525 people who sought PEP at UPAs, 1,273 (83.

Evolution of the scar and strains in newborns: A brazilian cohort.

Background: In Brazil, in 1925, the strain was introduced, and since its implementation, it has been the routine vaccine for health services. Since 2013, many countries, including Brazil, have been experiencing problems with the production of vaccines. As of January 2018, the country started to use the BCG vaccine with strain, developed by the Serum Institute India.

Sociodemographic and academic factors associated with unhealthy lifestyle among Brazilian nursing students.

This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and academic factors associated with unhealthy lifestyles among Brazilian undergraduate nursing students. A cross-sectional study was completed by 286 nursing students in Brazil. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between sociodemographic and academic variables with the latent lifestyle indicator.

Previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19.

Background: BCG vaccination, originally used to prevent tuberculosis, is known to "train" the immune system to improve defence against viral respiratory infections. We investigated whether a previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19 METHODS: A case-control study comparing the proportion with a BCG vaccine scar (indicating previous vaccination) in cases and controls presenting with COVID-19 to health units in Brazil. Cases were subjects with severe COVID-19 (O2 saturation < 90%, severe respiratory effort, severe pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock).

Association between Sedentary Behavior and Cognitive Performance in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: Cross-Sectional Results from ELSA-Brasil.

Background: This study aimed to verify the association between Sedentary Behavior (SB) and performance on cognitive function tests in middle-aged and elderly adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 6505 participants (55.2% women) of ELSA-Brasil, with a median age of 61 years.

Prenatal care of Brazilian women: racial inequalities and their implications for care.

The study aimed to characterize women that attended prenatal care in Brazil according to ethnicity/skin color and sociodemographic variables and to verify the association between the indicators of the prenatal care process and the women's ethnicity/skin color. This was a population based, cross-sectional study carried out with data from the National Health Survey of 2013. A bivariate analysis was performed using the multilevel logistic regression model, estimating the odds ratio and the respective 95% confidence intervals to test the association between the indicators of the adequate prenatal care process and the women's ethnicity/skin color.

Performance of Chimeric Antigens in Serological Screening for Chagas Disease in Blood Banks.

Chagas disease (CD) is among the top 10 causes of inability to blood donation. Blood donation centers screen for anti- antibodies using highly sensitive immunoenzymatic (ELISA) or chemiluminescent methods, which can lead to false positive results. Since positive samples cannot be used, to avoid the loss of valuable blood donations, it is necessary to improve specificity without reducing the sensitivity of the tests used for blood screening.

Clinical characterization, disability, and mortality in people with strokes during 90 days.

Objectives: to describe clinical characteristics and mortality of people with ischemic cerebrovascular accidents (strokes); to compare disability before the event and 90 days after.

Methods: longitudinal study with 308 people hospitalized in Salvador-BA. Data collection took place from 03/2019 to 01/2020.

Seroprevalence of Chikungunya virus and living conditions in Feira de Santana, Bahia-Brazil.

Background: Chikungunya is an arbovirus, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, which emerged in the Americas in 2013 and spread rapidly to almost every country on this continent. In Brazil, where the first cases were detected in 2014, it currently has reached all regions of this country and more than 900,000 cases were reported. The clinical spectrum of chikungunya ranges from an acute self-limiting form to disabling chronic forms.

Correction: Geographic and socioeconomic factors associated with leprosy treatment default: An analysis from the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.

Impact of continuing education on maternal and child health indicators.

Objective: This study investigated whether the presence of care workers who completed a specialization course on family health was associated with improved care and maternal and child health indicators in municipalities in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

Methods: Negative binomial regression models with fixed effects were used for the 79 municipalities in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, with repeated observations for the period 2009-2015. For our reference, the parameter "number of professionals who completed the course" calculated the proportion of professionals who completed the course, and was divided by the total number of primary health care professionals in the municipality to create a ratio.

Stress level among undergraduate nursing students related to the training phase and sociodemographic factors.

Objective: identify the stress level among nursing undergraduates and the associated sociodemographic and academic factors; to compare stress level among college students according to the training phase in the course.

Method: cross-sectional study with 286 university students. The instrument of sociodemographic and academic characterization and the stress scale were applied.

Effect of nursing telemonitoring on the knowledge of obese women: clinical trial.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of remote monitoring in the knowledge of overweight women.

Method: Randomized clinical trial with 101 women, randomly assigned to the control group (CG=50) and to the intervention group (IG=51). The IG received educational intervention over the telephone, during three months and routine follow-up in the service, while the CG only received conventional follow-up.

Factors associated with the work capacity of motorcycle taxi drivers.

This study evaluated the work capacity of motorcycle taxi drivers and its association with sociodemographic and work and quality of life factors. This is a cross-sectional study realized with 392 motorcycle taxi drivers that used a form containing demographic and labor data, Work Capacity Index, the WHOQOL-bref. We employed a descriptive and inferential analysis.

[Factors associated with the acceptance of the influenza vaccine among health workers: knowledge, attitude and practice].

Influenza vaccine is recommended for all health workers, but vaccination coverage remains unsatisfactory. A cross-sectional study that aimed to identify factors associated with influenza vaccination was carried out with health workers from a large Hospital Complex in Salvador, Bahia. A self-administered questionnaire was used based on the models "Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices" and "Health Belief Model".

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of cases of tuberculosis associated with diabetes in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Introduction:: This study compares the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with TB, with and without DM.

Methods: New cases of active pulmonary TB that occurred in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil between 2008 and 2010 were included. DM was diagnosed by based on diagnostic criteria established by the American Diabetes Association.

Food Insecurity, Prenatal Care and Other Anemia Determinants in Pregnant Women from the NISAMI Cohort, Brazil: Hierarchical Model Concept.

 To identify the prevalence of anemia and its relation to food insecurity (FI) and other determinants in pregnant women.  A cross-sectional, cohort-nested study, with the participation of 245 pregnant women who were cared for at Family Health Units in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil. The participants underwent blood tests for hemoglobin levels, anthropometric examinations, and answered a structured questionnaire.

Association between diabetes and tuberculosis: case-control study.

Objective: To test the association between diabetes and tuberculosis.

Methods: It is a case-control study, matched by age and sex. We included 323 new cases of tuberculosis with positive results for bacilloscopy.

Prevalence and factors associated with cracked nipples in the first month postpartum.

Background: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of cracked nipples in the first month postpartum.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of mothers living in Feira de Santana, state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Data from 1,243 mother-child dyads assessed both at the maternity ward and 30 days after delivery were analyzed.

Associated factors with oral cancer: a study of case control in a population of the Brazil's Northeast.

Objective: This study aimed at assessing the association between factors such as age, sex, skin color, occupation, educational level, marital status, place of residence, and tobacco and alcohol consumptions and oral cancer in individuals in a city in the northeast of Brazil between 2002 and 2012.

Methods: This is a case-control study. The case group consisted of 127 people attended at the Oral Injury Reference Center with histopathological diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Socioeconomic and environmental determinants of adolescent asthma in urban Latin America: an ecological analysis.

The prevalence of asthma is high in urban areas of many Latin-American countries where societies show high levels of inequality and different levels of development. This study aimed to examine the relationship between asthma symptoms prevalence in adolescents living in Latin American urban centers and socioeconomic and environmental determinants measured at the ecological level. Asthma prevalence symptoms were obtained from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase III.

Iodine nutritional status in Brazil: a meta-analysis of all studies performed in the country pinpoints to an insufficient evaluation and heterogeneity.

Objectives: Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is the result of an inadequate dietary intake of iodine, which physiological consequences are endemic goiter and thyroid dysfunction. The objective of this study was to a analyze studies that assessed the status of Brazil's population iodine nutrition and IDD prevalence.

Materials And Methods: Systematic review using PRISMA statement.