PA Screw Versus Plate Fixation for Posterior Malleolar Fracture, Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Complications and Functional Results.

Fixation methods for posterior malleolar fracture (PMF) are a source of great controversy. This study aims to compare complications, clinical, and radiological outcomes between PA screws and posterior plate in PMF using current literature. A systematic search strategy was conducted following the PRISMA protocol.

Effectiveness of antibiotic-coated intramedullary nails for open tibia fracture infection prevention. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Open Tibia fractures are associated with high rates of Fracture Related Infection (FRI). Given the negative outcomes and increased costs related to the latter, several prophylactic local antibiotic delivery methods have been proposed, aiming to decrease the FRI rate. Our objective with this study was to determine the effectiveness of antibiotic-coated intramedullary nails for open tibia FRI prevention.

Pneumonia Mortality Trends in Children under 5 Years of Age in the Context of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination in Peru, 2003-2017.

Worldwide, conjugated pneumococcal vaccines (PCVs) have proven effective against invasive pneumococcal disease, but non-invasive pneumonia is a major cause of mortality in young children and serotypes vary geographically, affecting effectiveness. We analyze nationwide death certificate data between 2003-2017 to assess the impact of PCVs on pneumonia mortality among young children from Peru. We report descriptive statistics and perform timeseries analysis on annual mortality rates (AMRs) and monthly frequencies of pneumonia deaths.

Infant mortality rates and pneumococcal vaccines: a time-series trend analysis in 194 countries, 1950-2020.

Pneumonia due to (pneumococcus) is a major cause of mortality in infants (children under 1 year of age), and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), delivered during the first year of life, are available since the year 2000. Given those two premises, the conclusion follows logically that favourable impact reported for PCVs in preventing pneumococcal disease should be reflected in the infant mortality rates (IMRs) from all causes. Using publicly available datasets, country-level IMR estimates from UNICEF and PCV introduction status from WHO, country-specific time series analysed the temporal relationship between annual IMRs and the introduction of PCVs, providing a unique context into the long-term secular trends of IMRs in countries that included and countries that did not include PCVs in their national immunisation programmes.

Herd immunity in older adults from a middle-income country: A time-series trend analysis of community-acquired pneumonia mortality 2003-2017.

Background And Aims: Community-acquired pneumonia is responsible for substantial mortality, and pneumococcus is commonly accepted as a major cause of pneumonia, regardless of laboratory confirmation. Child immunization programs have reported success in decreasing pneumonia mortality: directly in young children and indirectly (herd immunity) in unvaccinated adult populations in some countries. We assess changes in mortality trends for all-cause pneumonia in older adults associated with the introduction of pneumococcal vaccination for children in Peru.

A Case Series and Literature Review of Subacute Infective Endocarditis: A Clinical Challenge.

Endocarditis is a life-threatening, relatively rare disease caused by an infection of the endocardial epithelium of the heart. Its clinical presentation is highly variable, depending on whether it presents acutely, subacutely, or chronically. Also, the wide array of causal etiologies and pathogens makes its diagnosis and treatment complex and challenging.

Outcomes of a Modified Arthroscopic-assisted Reconstruction Technique for Lateral Ankle Instability.

 The present study assesses the results of a minimally invasive surgical technique for acute and chronic ankle instability management.  The present case series study retrospectively evaluated 40 patients undergoing arthroscopic-assisted percutaneous ankle ligament reconstruction from 2013 to 2019.  The present study included 17 males and 23 females with an average age of 38.

Erratum to 'Superficial Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysm, Compartment Syndrome, and Deep Vein Thrombosis After Total Knee Arthroplasty' [Arthroplasty Today 6 (2020) 227-230].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.

Microbiota of diabetic foot infections in a University Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia.

The presence of infection in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is one of the main causes of lower limb amputation in the world. The presence of polymicrobial infections is usually the standard for isolation in such lesions, with Gram Positive (GP) germs being the main organisms involved, as is described in the global literature. However, some studies indicate a greater number of isolates with Gram Negative (GN) germs, reported mainly in the literature of Middle Eastern countries and in the tropics.

Early Reduction of an Open Extruded Talus: Case Report.

Talar dislocation is an infrequent lesion, with variable outcomes reported in case reports and case series. Its epidemiology has not been elucidated to date, as this lesion is described in different ways: complete talar extrusion, closed or open dislocation, open dislocation with associated talar fracture, or open dislocation with malleolar fracture. Such classifications limit the possibility of evaluating this condition as a single pathology.

Retroperitoneal, Liver, and Lymph Node Metastasis from Proximal Tibial Osteosarcoma: A Case Report.

The present study describes the case of a male adult with an osteosarcoma in the proximal tibia, treated with limb salvage with endoprosthesis and chemotherapy. The patient developed an unusual metastatic pattern compromising the liver, bone, and inguinal lymph nodes, without local recurrence in the tibia or pulmonary metastases. Osteosarcoma (OS) is the second most frequent primary bone tumor after multiple myeloma in adults.

Segmental Clavicle Fracture in a Polytraumatized Patient: Case Report.

Clavicle fracture represents 5% of the fractures in adults. However, segmental clavicle fractures are infrequent and have been understudied in the current literature. Cases have been reported showing adequate results with both surgical and conservative management, and yet, it has not been possible to reach a consensus regarding diagnosis or management of such condition.

Incidence of low-triiodothyronine syndrome in patients with septic shock.

Objective: Low levels of thyroid hormones have been associated with poor clinical outcomes. This metabolic situation, designated euthyroid sick syndrome, has been interpreted as a state of adaptation to different pathological processes, characterized by the decrease in plasma triiodothyronine. The present study seeks to determine the incidence of this disorder in patients with septic shock and its relationship with other severity indices and clinical outcomes.

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) 1082 promoter polymorphisms and plasma IL-10 levels in patients with bacterial sepsis.

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional cytokine which has been seen to play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. We examined the association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in IL-10-1082G/A in patients with sepsis in Cali city. A total of 100 patients with sepsis and 50 control subjects were enrolled in this study.

Superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysm, compartment syndrome, and deep vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty.

Vascular injuries after total knee arthroplasty are highly infrequent, especially in the femoral artery. These lesions can cause severe damage. Early diagnosis is important to prevent catastrophic complications (such as loss of limb) and to offer adequate treatment.

Reconstruction and Simulation of Neocortical Microcircuitry.

Unlabelled: We present a first-draft digital reconstruction of the microcircuitry of somatosensory cortex of juvenile rat. The reconstruction uses cellular and synaptic organizing principles to algorithmically reconstruct detailed anatomy and physiology from sparse experimental data. An objective anatomical method defines a neocortical volume of 0.

Postdisaster health communication and information sources: the Iowa flood scenario.

Background: During June 2008, heavy precipitation and 500-year flood events resulted in the displacement of thousands of families throughout eastern Iowa. The objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness and preferred sources of health messages communicated to the public following the disaster.

Methods: Three hundred twenty-seven households were surveyed in 4 counties hit hardest by the flooding.

Nonfatal natural and environmental injuries treated in emergency departments, United States, 2001-2004.

Exposure to adverse natural and environmental events (eg, extreme temperatures and disasters) poses a public health burden when resulting in injuries requiring emergency care. We examined the incidence and characteristics of persons with environmental exposure-related injuries treated in US-based hospital emergency departments during 2001 to 2004 by using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program. An estimated 26 527 (95% CI = 18 664-34 390) injuries were treated annually-78% were heat-related.

[Epidemiology of lung cancer in Spain and forecast for the future].

Lung cancer, a steadily growing problem, ranks as the first cause of tumor-related deaths in developed countries. The relation between lung cancer and smoking makes it a potentially avoidable disease. Found mainly in men, it has made alarming gains among women.

Emergency visits for childhood poisoning: a 2-year prospective multicenter survey in Spain.

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of childhood poisoning leading to consultation to 17 pediatric emergency departments in Spain.

Methods: During a 2-year period (January 2001 to December 2002), accompanying people of 2157 children with acute intoxication who visited consecutively at the emergency room were prospectively surveyed.

Results: Childhood poisoning accounted for 0.