Long-term Follow-up of Patients Undergoing Nephrectomy for Urolithiasis.

Purpose: This prospective study aimed to identify risk factors associated with progression to stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the occurrence of kidney stone formation or growth following nephrectomy for urolithiasis.

Materials And Methods: From January 2006 to May 2013, patients undergoing nephrectomy for urolithiasis were enrolled. Renal function was assessed using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) via the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation, while kidney stone events were detected using computed tomography.

Complex system modelling reveals oxalate homeostasis is driven by diverse oxalate-degrading bacteria.

Decades of research have made clear that host-associated microbiomes touch all facets of health. However, effective therapies that target the microbiome have been elusive given its inherent complexity. Here, we experimentally examined diet-microbe-host interactions through a complex systems framework, centered on dietary oxalate.

Are very thin patients at a higher risk of complications when submitted to percutane-ous nephrolithotomy?

Purpose: To assess the impact of thinness on the outcome of the percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials And Methods: A matched case-control study was performed using a prospectively collected database of all patients who underwent PCNL between June 2011 and October 2021. The patients were stratified into two groups according to their phenotypic characteristics, arbitrarily defined according to their body mass index (BMI): <0kg/m2 (Group 1, very thin patients, G<20) and ≥25 kg/m2 (Group 2, non-thin patients, G≥25).

Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery: best practices and future perspectives.

Introduction: Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery (ECIRS) has emerged as a promising technique for the management of large and complex kidney stones, potentially offering advantages over traditional Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This study aims to evaluate best practices, outcomes, and future perspectives associated with ECIRS.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted from 2008 to 2024, using MESH terms and the following key words: "ECIRS" and "Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery" The search yielded 157 articles, including retrospective cohort studies, two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and four meta-analyses comparing ECIRS with PCNL.

Ureteroscopy vs laparoscopic ureterolithotomy for large proximal ureteric stone: a randomised trial.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of retrograde flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) with retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (RLU) for large proximal ureteric stones.

Patients And Methods: A prospective randomised trial was conducted from January 2018 through December 2022 including patients with impacted proximal ureteric stones of 15-25 mm. Patients underwent fURS or RLU.

Intraoperative computed tomography for detection of residual stones in endourology procedures: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Success rates in endourological procedures, notably percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and ureteroscopy (URS), have demonstrated suboptimal outcomes, leading to more reinterventions and radiation exposure. Recently, the use of intraoperative computed tomography (ICT) scans has been hypothesized as a promising solution for improving outcomes in endourology procedures. With this considered, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis encompassing all available studies that evaluate the impact of the use of intraoperative CT scans on surgical outcomes compared to conventional fluoroscopic-guided procedures.

Factors associated with complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: an analysis of 1,066 cases.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors for complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Methods: We prospectively analyzed patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy from June 2011 to October 2018. The association of preoperative and intraoperative factors with the presence of complications was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Predictive factors for success after supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy: an analysis of 961 patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive factors for success following percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position.

Methods: Patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position from June 2011 to October 2018 were evaluated. Age, sex, body mass index, the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, hemoglobin level, number of previous surgeries, stone size, and the Guy's Stone Score were analyzed.

Ultrasound guided endoscopic combined Intrarenal surgery - 10 steps for the success.

Background: Endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) has been used to treat complex kidney stones (1). The combined use of ultrasound (US) has the potential to improve safety and reduce radiation exposure, however, it is still underutilized (2).

Objectives: Our objective is to describe, in a step-by-step manner, the ultrasound-guided ECIRS (USG ECIRS) technique, in order to facilitate learning by urologists.

Supine versus Prone Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Complex Stones: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: High-quality evidence comparing supine to prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for the treatment of complex stones is lacking. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of supine position (SUP) and prone position (PRO) PCNL.

Materials And Methods: A noninferior randomized controlled trial was performed according to the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials) criteria.

Comparing public interest on stone disease between developed and underdeveloped nations: are search patterns on google trends similar?

Objective: The big data provided by Google Trends may reveal patterns in health information-seeking behavior on population from Brazil and United States (US). Our objective was to explore and compare patterns of stone disease online information-seeking behaviors in both nations.

Materials And Methods: To compare Relative Search Volume (RSV) among different urologic key words we chose "US" and "Brazil" as country and "01/01/2009 - 31/12/2018" as time-range.

Tranexamic acid in patients with complex stones undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of single-dose tranexamic acid on the blood transfusion rate and outcomes of patients with complex kidney stones undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Patients And Methods: In a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 192 patients with complex kidney stone (Guy's Stone Scores III-IV) were prospectively enrolled and randomised (1:1 ratio) to receive either one dose of tranexamic acid (1 g) or a placebo at the time of anaesthetic induction for PCNL. The primary outcome measure was the occurrence rate of perioperative blood transfusion.

Prone split-leg endoscopic-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy: the surgeons perspective with A Gopro® view.

Introduction:: To demonstrate the entire surgeon's point of view of a prone split-leg (PSL) endoscopic guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (ePCNL) recorded with a GoPro® camera for standardization of the essential technical steps towards a successful procedure (1).

Materials And Methods:: A 40y.o female patient presented with right flank pain for three years.

Bilateral simultaneous percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus staged approach: a critical analysis of complications and renal function.

Introduction: Patients with bilateral kidney stones and burdened by large stones are challenging cases for endourologists. Simultaneous bilateral percutaneous nephrolithotomy (sbPCNL) is an option; however, it may be accompanied by important morbidity. An alternative is a staged PCNL, operating one side each time.

Understanding urologic scientific publication patterns and general public interests on stone disease: lessons learned from big data platforms.

Purpose: To analyse patterns of stone disease online information-seeking behaviours in the United States and to correlate with urological literature publication aspects.

Methods: To compare Relative Search Volume (RSV) among different twelve preselected urologic keywords we chose "United States" as country and "01/01/2009-31/12/2018" as time range on Google Trends (GT). We defined "ureteroscopy" as a reference and compared RSV against it for each term.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with spinal cord injury: should all these patients be automatically assigned a Guy's stone score of 4?

Purpose: To assess the complication and stone-free rates of PCNL in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to evaluate whether this population should be assigned a Guy's stone score (GSS) of 4.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted, and electronic charts were reviewed to search for patients with SCI, bladder dysfunction, and kidney stones who had undergone PCNL. Control cases were randomly selected from among patients with complete staghorn calculus (GSS = 4).

The impact of COVID-19 in medical practice. A review focused on Urology.

COVID-19 pandemic is a rapidly spreading virus that is changing the World and the way doctors are practicing medicine. The huge number of patients searching for medical care and needing intensive care beds led the health care system to a burnout status especially in places where the care system was already overloaded. In this setting, and also due to the absence of a specific treatment for the disease, health authorities had to opt for recommending or imposing social distancing to relieve the health system and reduce deaths.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Horseshoe Kidneys: Results of a Multicentric Study.

To report the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in horseshoe kidneys (HSK) in 12 institutions worldwide and evaluate the impact of patient position during operation. We carried out a retrospective analysis of PCNL procedures performed between 2008 and 2018 in patients with HSK. Pre-, peri-, and postoperative data were collected, and a subgroup analysis was performed according to patient position.

Renal Stone Features Are More Important Than Renal Anatomy to Predict Shock Wave Lithotripsy Outcomes: Results from a Prospective Study with CT Follow-Up.

Lower pole kidney stones have been associated with poor shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) outcomes because of its location. However, the real impact of collecting system anatomy on stone clearance after SWL is uncertain. There is a lack of prospective well-controlled studies to determine whether lower pole kidney stones have inferior outcomes than nonlower pole kidney stones when treated with SWL.

A comprehensive literature-based equation to compare cost-effectiveness of a flexible ureteroscopy program with single-use versus reusable devices.

Purpose: To critically review all literature concerning the cost-effectiveness of flexible ureteroscopy comparing single-use with reusable scopes.

Materials And Methods: A systematic online literature review was performed in PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar databases. All factors potentially affecting surgical costs or clinical outcomes were considered.