Clinical applications of artificial intelligence in radiology.

The rapid growth of medical imaging has placed increasing demands on radiologists. In this scenario, artificial intelligence (AI) has become an attractive partner, one that may complement case interpretation and may aid in various non-interpretive aspects of the work in the radiological clinic. In this review, we discuss interpretative and non-interpretative uses of AI in the clinical practice, as well as report on the barriers to AI's adoption in the clinic.

Pregabalin to improve postoperative recovery in bariatric surgery: a parallel, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.

Purpose: Obesity has been considered as a major public health problem in developed countries for which bariatric surgery has become an important treatment strategy. Postoperative pain, however, is a frequent problem in postoperative management. Pregabalin blocks the development of hyperalgesia and central pain sensitization.

Perceptual analysis of the reading of dermatopathology virtual slides by pathology residents.

Context: The process by which pathologists arrive at a given diagnosis-a combination of their slide exploration strategy, perceptual information gathering, and cognitive decision making-has not been thoroughly explored, and many questions remain unanswered.

Objective: To determine how pathology residents learn to diagnose inflammatory skin dermatoses, we contrasted the slide exploration strategy, perceptual capture of relevant histopathologic findings, and cognitive integration of identified features between 2 groups of residents, those who had and those who had not undergone their dermatopathology rotation.

Design: Residents read a case set of 20 virtual slides (10 depicting nodular and diffuse dermatitis and 10 depicting subepidermal vesicular dermatitis), using an in-house-developed interface.

Mammographic images segmentation using texture descriptors.

Tissue classification in mammography can help the diagnosis of breast cancer by separating healthy tissue from lesions. We present herein the use of three texture descriptors for breast tissue segmentation purposes: the Sum Histogram, the Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and the Local Binary Pattern (LBP). A modification of the LBP is also proposed for a better distinction of the tissues.

Image segmentation of ovitraps for automatic counting of Aedes Aegypti eggs.

The Aedes Aegypti mosquito is the vector of the most difficult public health problems in tropical and semi-tropical world: the epidemic proliferation of dengue, a viral disease that can cause human beings death specially in its most dangerous form, dengue haemorrhagic fever. One of the most useful methods for mosquito detection and surveillance is the ovitraps: special traps to collect eggs of the mosquito. It is very important to count the number of Aedes Aegypti eggs present in ovitraps.

Clinical features of rhabdomyolysis after open and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: Rhabdomyolysis (RML) is caused by muscle injury, this may cause kidneys overload and lead to acute renal failure (ARF). The risk factors for RML in bariatric surgery (BS) are operative time (OT) >4 h and high BMI. The frequency of RML in BS varies from 12.

Incidence of lower limbs deep vein thrombosis after open and laparoscopic gastric bypass: a prospective study.

Background: Lower limbs deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are major causes of morbidity and mortality and are even higher in bariatric patients. The longer operative time and higher immobility in these patients increase the DVT risk. Although deaths after bariatric surgery have been reported, there is no consensus regarding the prophylaxis of DVT.

Rhabdomyolysis: diagnosis and treatment in bariatric surgery.

Background: Rhabdomyolysis (RML) and subsequent acute renal failure can be serious problems following bariatric operations. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to avoid the complications of RML.

Methods: This review was achieved by searching the key words: Rhabdomyolysis, diagnosis, treatment and bariatric surgery.

Laparoscopic gastric banding in the rat model as a means of videolaparoscopic training.

The development of laparoscopy in bariatric surgery has attracted a large number of surgeons. Learning this method for future clinical practice requires intensive training with inert tissues, simulators and experimental surgery in animals. Performing these procedures in small animals, with the same equipment used in humans, is feasible, allowing familiarization with and comprehension of the basic techniques.

Staplerless laparoscopic gastric bypass: a new option in bariatric surgery.

The staplerless Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) is a new option in bariatric surgery. The first to describe it was Himpens (2004) utilizing the LigaSure Atlas (LSA) in a series of 10 patients. The laparoscopic RYGBP is performed utilizing the LSA for the gastric and jejunal partition; after that, an imbricating running suture is performed to ensure stomach and bowel hermetic closure.

Remission of psoriasis after open gastric bypass.

Psoriasis is a frequent skin disease, affecting 2% of the world's population. Stress, alcohol, smoking and obesity may be associated with psoriasis. A 56-year-old man with BMI 46.

Closure of the abdominal cavity after severe peritonitis in bariatric surgery utilizing a mesh and plastic device.

The major cause of peritonitis in bariatric surgery is leakage of GI contents, which can have a catastrophic outcome for the bariatric patient. To resolve this serious problem, the surgeon must act quickly. This paper describes a 27-year-old female after gastric bypass with disruption of the gastroenterostomy and severe contamination and peritonitis.