Publications by authors named "Carlo Rossi"
Automotive-grade GaN power switches have recently been made available in the market from a growing number of semiconductor suppliers. The exploitation of this technology enables the development of very efficient power converters operating at much higher switching frequencies with respect to components implemented with silicon power devices. Thus, a new generation of automotive power components with an increased power density is expected to replace silicon-based products in the development of higher-performance electric and hybrid vehicles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: This systematic review aims to synthesize the current research on doping in combat sports, examining the prevalence, detection methods, prevention strategies, and overall impact on combat sports.
Design/methodology/approach: Of the 21 identified articles, six met the inclusion criteria. A systematic approach was used, including content analysis based on specific criteria: articles in English, original research, and relevance to sport and doping.
Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic and progressive immune-mediated condition, typically affecting young atopic male adults and potentially leads to organ dysfunction and fibrosis. The clinical spectrum widely varies -from non-troublesome dysphagia to food impaction- and hence the rate of misdiagnosis and diagnostic delay are high, especially when presenting with minor symptoms, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. There have been several major therapeutic breakthroughs for the management of EoE in recent years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune-mediated condition characterised by eosinophilic infiltration of the oesophagus, leading to significant morbidity due to oesophageal dysfunction. The pathogenic course of EoE begins with tissue injury, marked by the intricate interplay of oesophageal barrier dysfunction and T helper 2-mediated inflammation. In response to tissue damage, a subsequent phase of tissue remodelling features a complex interaction between epithelial cells and stromal cells, aimed at tissue repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * The text describes three cases where pinworm infection was misdiagnosed as primary EGID, highlighting the confusion in diagnosis due to overlapping symptoms.
- * There's a lack of specific guidelines for diagnosing EGID in adults, and while screening for parasitic infections is recommended for certain inflammatory bowel disease patients, a more detailed approach to identifying potential parasitic infections and related diagnostic tests is needed.
Allergen immunotherapy and eosinophilic esophagitis: friends or foes?
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- The relationship between eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and allergens is intricate, with food allergies often triggering EoE flare-ups, and there's evidence that allergen immunotherapy, especially oral, can lead to EoE cases.
- Recent studies have shown EoE is a frequent side effect of oral immunotherapy (OIT), but a direct link between sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and EoE hasn't been established, although animal tests are exploring this connection.
- Understanding the immune mechanisms involved in EoE may improve allergen therapy methods and lead to better strategies for managing the condition.
Background: Studies evaluating alterations in cardiac biomarkers in rapid sport-associated weight loss (RWL) and high-intensity sport-specific training (HISST) are lacking. This pilot study aimed to examine the effects of RWL and HISST on heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac biomarkers, and left ventricular systolic function. Nine elite male judokas participated in the presented survey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntrabdominal dissemination of malignant mesothelioma (MM) and pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is poorly characterized with respect to the stemness window which malignant cells activate during their reshaping on the epithelial-mesenchymal (E/M) axis. To gain insights into stemness properties and their prognostic significance in these rarer forms of peritoneal metastases (PM), primary tumor cultures from 55 patients selected for cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy were analyzed for cancer stem cells (CSC) by aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and spheroid formation assays, and for expression of a set of plasticity-related genes to measure E/M transition (EMT) score. Intratumor heterogeneity was also analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that causes damage to the nervous system, and the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on MS patients were investigated in this study.
- 16 MS patients completed an 8-week HIIT program, which was conducted remotely and compared against a control group that did not exercise.
- Results showed significant improvements in neuromotor abilities, bone formation markers, and lipid profiles, indicating that HIIT can enhance physical function and overall health in MS patients.
Article Synopsis
- - Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the esophagus that causes symptoms like difficulty swallowing and food getting stuck, and it could lead to more serious complications like strictures.
- - The review discusses EoE's symptoms, progression, and current treatment strategies, with a focus on trials for biologic therapies aimed at managing inflammation.
- - Dupilumab is the first biologic approved for EoE, and while it shows promise, ongoing studies are needed to understand its long-term effects, with other new drugs also being tested that may change treatment approaches.
Background: Isolated limb hyperthermic-antiblastic perfusion (ILP) was the most effective local treatment for advanced in-transit melanoma, but the advent of modern effective immunotherapy (IT), such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, has changed the treatment landscape.
Methods: This study evaluated the role of the association between ILP and IT in the treatment of locally advanced unresectable melanoma, particularly in relation to modern systemic therapies. We analyzed 187 consecutive patients who were treated with ILP (melphalan or melphalan associated with TNF-alpha) for advanced melanoma at the Veneto Institute of Oncology of Padua (Italy) and the Padua University Hospital (Italy) between June 1989 and September 2021.
Article Synopsis
- The study compared the effects of velocity-based strength training (VBT) and percentage-based strength training (PBT) on various strength and performance markers in 30 young women over six weeks.
- Both VBT and PBT groups showed improvements in one-rep max (1RM) squat and bench press, but the VBT group outperformed with significant gains in explosive strength and vertical jump tests (SJ and CMJ).
- The findings suggest that VBT's adaptability to movement speed enhances training effectiveness, making it a more efficient method for developing strength and power in young female athletes.
Cutaneous melanoma in adolescents and young adults.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
October 2024
Background: Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) ranks among the five most common cancers in young people in high-income countries and it features peculiar clinicopathological traits. Very few studies have addressed the quality of care and the costs for adolescents and young adults (AYA) population.
Objective: To provide a comprehensive epidemiological and clinicopathological profile of CMM in AYA.
Diagnosis, management and therapeutic options for eosinophilic esophagitis.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol
June 2024
Article Synopsis
- Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic condition that causes tissue damage in the esophagus, impacting quality of life; recent advances focus on diagnosing and managing the disease.
- New diagnostic methods classify EoE into three distinct endotypes based on inflammatory features and symptoms, which helps tailor treatment.
- Two new medications, oro-dispersible budesonide and dupilumab, target EoE specifically, and a collaborative approach between gastroenterologists and allergist-immunologists is essential for effective management of the disease.
Article Synopsis
- Cancer patients often experience long-term sleep disorders, which can be alleviated through non-drug strategies like exercise.
- This systematic review examined the effects of resistance training (RT) on sleep outcomes in cancer survivors, alongside existing evidence supporting aerobic training.
- Results from 21 studies indicated significant improvements in sleep quality and insomnia among participants who engaged in combined aerobic and resistance exercises over a 12-week period.
A number of studies have indicated that the mitotic rate may be a predictive factor for poor prognosis in melanoma patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the mitotic rate is associated with other prognostic clinical and anatomopathological characteristics. After adjusting for other anatomopathological characteristics, we then verified the prognostic value of the number of mitoses, determining in which population subgroup this variable may have greater prognostic significance on 3-year mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates the diagnostic delay experienced by pediatric patients with celiac disease across 13 referral centers in Italy, covering cases from 2010 to 2019 and analyzing data in 2023.
- It finds that the median diagnostic delay for these patients is about 5 months, with a notable portion experiencing extreme delays of 11 months or more.
- Factors such as age at diagnosis influence delays, with younger patients (under 3 years) generally facing shorter wait times for diagnosis.
Article Synopsis
- * In a study involving 40 EC patients, common characteristics included a high prevalence of females (67.5%), atopy (77.5%), and significant abdominal issues such as pain and diarrhea.
- * Compared to eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), EC patients did not show elevated blood eosinophils, and diagnostic delays were associated with factors like atopy and misdiagnosis, highlighting the need for careful evaluation in suspected cases.
Background: In industrialized countries, the aging population is steadily rising. The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is highest in old people. This study focuses on the clinicopathological profile of CMM and indicators of diagnostic-therapeutic performance in older patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Intense training, like that in combat sports such as judo, leads to changes in heart structure, specifically left ventricular enlargement and increased mass.
- A study of 19 elite judo athletes (10 males, 9 females) found significant differences in left ventricular mass and thickness between genders, with males having larger heart measurements.
- The research highlights that male elite judo athletes generally experience greater heart muscle adaptations compared to their female counterparts.
Article Synopsis
- The neuroendocrine system affects how humans form social connections and handle stress, which in turn impacts health and performance, particularly in athletes.
- The study investigates the influence of social closeness, like team cohesion, on athletes' performance and the hormonal responses (progesterone and cortisol) related to sports anxiety.
- Twenty-six female volleyball players participated, with measurements taken during their ovarian cycles to explore the relationship between hormonal fluctuations, anxiety management, and performance outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- - Despite advances in treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), tissue fibrosis commonly occurs, often leading to the need for surgery due to strictures caused by excessive extracellular matrix deposition.
- - Fibrogenesis is a natural response to chronic inflammation, but its mechanisms remain partly unclear, with ongoing inflammation in the mucosa being a primary trigger influenced by myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, immune cells, and growth factors.
- - Currently, there are no therapies targeting fibrosis directly; thus, managing inflammation is crucial to preventing fibrogenesis, as discussed in the review of mechanisms, diagnosis, and potential drug targets for fibrosis.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the impact of rapid weight loss (RWL) on metabolic health, specifically focusing on former combat sports athletes compared to other athletes who did not use RWL.
- It analyzed various metabolic syndrome parameters, including blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose levels, among 150 participants divided into two groups.
- Findings reveal that former CSA who practiced RWL exhibited significantly higher blood pressure and a greater prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared to those who did not, indicating potential long-term health risks associated with RWL.
Article Synopsis
- The Airborne Hazards and Open Burn Pit Registry (AHOBPR) enables military personnel to report their exposure to burn pits and assess their functional status, leading to a study on the impact of this exposure on physical fitness.
- A retrospective analysis of over 234,000 participants revealed that those with greater cumulative exposure to burn pits generally reported lower functional scores, indicating a negative impact on health.
- Conversely, the research showed a slight positive relationship between the number of deployment days and functional scores, suggesting that longer deployments might not significantly harm functional status but could not offset the negative effects of burn pit exposure.