Modeling new trends in bone regeneration, using the BERTopic approach.

Bibliometric surveys are time-consuming endeavors, which cannot be scaled up to meet the challenges of ever-expanding fields, such as bone regeneration. Artificial intelligence, however, can provide smart tools to screen massive amounts of literature, and we relied on this technology to automatically identify research topics. We used the BERTopic algorithm to detect the topics in a corpus of MEDLINE manuscripts, mapping their similarities and highlighting research hotspots.

Granular cell tumor of the neurohypophysis presenting as a third ventricle mass.

Granular cell tumors of the neurohypophysis (GCT) are rare benign neoplasms belonging, along with pituicytoma and spindle cell oncocytoma, to the family of TTF1-positive low-grade neoplasms of the posterior pituitary gland. GCT usually present as a solid sellar mass, slowly growing and causing compressive symptoms over time, occasionally with suprasellar extension. They comprise polygonal monomorphous cells with abundant granular cytoplasm, which is ultrastructurally filled with lysosomes.

Primary Large B-Cell Lymphoma of Immune-Privileged Sites of the Cerebellum: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Unlabelled: Primary large B-cell lymphoma of immune-privileged sites (IP-LBCL) is a rare malignant hematological neoplasm. Involvement of the cerebellum is even rarer and its diagnosis is often difficult to make due to its non-specific clinical and radiological presentation.

Methods: We reported 3 cases of cerebellar IP-LBCL followed at our hospital and reviewed the medical literature to unravel the peculiarities of this poorly studied entity.

Tolerable upper intake level for dietary sugars.

Following a request from five European Nordic countries, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was tasked to provide scientific advice on a tolerable upper intake level (UL) or a safe level of intake for dietary (total/added/free) sugars based on available data on chronic metabolic diseases, pregnancy-related endpoints and dental caries. Specific sugar types (fructose) and sources of sugars were also addressed. The intake of dietary sugars is a well-established hazard in relation to dental caries in humans.

Feasibility of Early Active Rehabilitation for Concussion Recovery in Youth: A Randomized Trial.

Objective: The primary objective is to evaluate the feasibility (safety and acceptability) of implementing early active rehabilitation (AR) for concussion management in youth with symptoms persisting 2 weeks after injury. A secondary and exploratory objective was to estimate the potential efficacy of early AR compared with standard AR. We hypothesize that AR at 2-weeks postconcussion will be safe and acceptable to patients.

The effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide on wound healing and tissue regeneration: a systematic review of the literature.

The present study evaluated the effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) on tissue regeneration, paying special attention to the molecular mechanisms that underlie its tissue remodeling actions to better identify its effective therapeutic potential in wound healing. Strategic searches were conducted through MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from their earliest available dates to March 2020. The studies were included with the following eligibility criteria: studies evaluating tissue regeneration, and being an , and clinical study.

3D-printed chitosan scaffolds modified with D-(+) raffinose and enriched with type IV collagen to improve epithelial cell colonization.

Tissue regeneration often requires the use of biocompatible resorbable scaffolds to support the ingrowth of cells from neighboring tissues into a localized tissue defect. Such scaffolds must possess surface molecular cues that stimulate cells to populate the device, the first necessary condition for the formation of a healthy tissue. Chitosan is a natural polymer that has long been tested in biomedical applications because of its high biocompatibility, which can be further increased by modifying its formulation, e.

Sub-Micropillar Spacing Modulates the Spatial Arrangement of Mouse MC3T3-E1 Osteoblastic Cells.

Surface topography is one of the main factors controlling cell responses on implanted devices and a proper definition of the characteristics that optimize cell behavior may be crucial to improve the clinical performances of these implants. Substrate geometry is known to affect cell shape, as cells try to optimize their adhesion by adapting to the irregularities beneath, and this in turn profoundly affects their activity. In the present study, we cultured murine calvaria MC3T3-E1 cells on surfaces with pillars arranged as hexagons with two different spacings and observed their morphology during adhesion and growth.

The cellular effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on osteoblasts: A review.

Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) have long been known to interact with living organisms and their cells and to bear the potential for therapeutic use. Among the most extensively investigated applications, the use of Pulsed EMFs (PEMFs) has proven effective to ameliorate bone healing in several studies, although the evidence is still inconclusive. This is due in part to our still-poor understanding of the mechanisms by which PEMFs act on cells and affect their functions and to an ongoing lack of consensus on the most effective parameters for specific clinical applications.

The Use of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields to Promote Bone Responses to Biomaterials and .

Implantable biomaterials are extensively used to promote bone regeneration or support endosseous prosthesis in orthopedics and dentistry. Their use, however, would benefit from additional strategies to improve bone responses. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) have long been known to act on osteoblasts and bone, affecting their metabolism, in spite of our poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

Osteoblasts preferentially adhere to peaks on micro-structured titanium.

The aim of the study was to investigate cell adhesion to micro-structured titanium. Osteoblastic MC3T3 cells were cultured on smooth (P) or sand-blasted/acid-etched (SLA) titanium discs and were observed at scanning electron microscope/focused ion beam (SEM/FIB). Myosin II and actin microfilaments were labelled for epifluorescence microscopy.

Performance and antrhropometric characteristics of Elite Rugby Players.

Background And Aim Of The Study: Physical performance is the result of a complex combination of several factors such as genetic and anthropometric aspects, nutrition and hormonal status. In the past few years many studies have considered the impact of vitamin D on muscular strength and athletic performance.The aim of the present study was to assess the anthropometric measures impacting on physical performance in a group of professional rugby athletes.

The integration of orthodontic miniscrews under mechanical loading: a pre-clinical study in rabbit.

Introduction: Orthodontic miniscrews are an increasingly popular choice to achieve absolute anchorage. The temporary use of miniscrews and their recent introduction have limited the debate over the biological aspect of the materials to that of the surface that permeates the field of dental implants. The aim of the present study was to investigate the integration of grade 5 titanium mini-implants with machined or sand blasted acid etched surface (SAE) under mechanical load in a rabbit tibia model of implant integration.

CeF3-ZnO scintillating nanocomposite for self-lighted photodynamic therapy of cancer.

We report on the synthesis and characterization of a composite nanostructure based on the coupling of cerium fluoride (CeF3) and zinc oxide (ZnO) for applications in self-lighted photodynamic therapy. Self-lighted photodynamic therapy is a novel approach for the treatment of deep cancers by low doses of X-rays. CeF3 is an efficient scintillator: when illuminated by X-rays it emits UV light by fluorescence at 325 nm.

"Over-inlay" block graft and differential morphometry: a novel block graft model to study bone regeneration and host-to-graft interfaces in rats.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present new a model that allows the study of the bone healing process, with an emphasis on the biological behavior of different graft-to-host interfaces. A standardized "over-inlay" surgical technique combined with a differential histomorphometric analysis is presented in order to optimize the use of critical-size calvarial defects in pre-clinical testing.

Methods: Critical-size defects were created into the parietal bone of 8 male Wistar rats.

Comparison of Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy in Low Vacuum or wet mode for the investigation of cell biomaterial interactions.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), in low vacuum mode (LV-ESEM) and in wet mode (wet-ESEM) in the assessment of cell-material interactions.

Methods: Mouse calvaria MC3T3 cells (ATCC) were seeded on commercially pure machined titanium discs of 10 mm diameter in Dulbecco modified MEM, 10% Fetal Bovine Serum, 1% Penicillin and Streptomycin and 1% Glutamine. Samples were then processed for microscope observation by rinse in Phosphate Buffer saline and fixation in 4.

Role of prostaglandin E2 in the modulation of Wnt canonical signaling in cells on microstructured titanium surfaces.

Background: Rough surface topography enhances the activation of Wnt canonical signaling, a pathway required for osteoblast differentiation. The present study investigated the effects of the modulation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signaling on osteoblastic differentiation on titanium surfaces for endosseous implants with different topographies.

Methods: C2C12 cells were plated on polished or acid-etched/sand-blasted (SLA) titanium discs and stimulated with 1 μM PGE2 or 100 nM cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin.

The diffusion-weighted imaging and 11-C-methionine positron emission tomography depiction of an endodermal cyst at the cervico-medullary junction.

A case of a 52-year-old male with left-sided neck pain, vertigo and gait instability is reported. A MRI scan revealed an intra-dural mass at the cervico-medullary junction, further characterised by diffusion-weighted imaging and 11-C-methionine positron emission tomography. Pathological diagnosis was endodermal cyst.

Chitosan-based scaffold modified with D-(+) raffinose for cartilage repair: an in vivo study.

Background: Osteochondral defects significantly affect patients' quality of life and represent challenging tissue lesions, because of the poor regenerative capacity of cartilage. Tissue engineering has long sought to promote cartilage repair, by employing artificial scaffolds to enhance cell capacity to deposit new cartilage. An ideal biomaterial should closely mimic the natural environment of the tissue, to promote scaffold colonization, cell differentiation and the maintenance of a differentiated cellular phenotype.

The effect of age, gender, and insertion site on marginal bone loss around endosseous implants: results from a 3-year trial with premium implant system.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate bone changes around endosseous implants in partially edentulous patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 632 two-stage implants were placed in 252 patients. The implants had straight emergence profile, ZirTi surface, 3.

Correlation between density and resorption of fresh-frozen and autogenous bone grafts.

Trial Design: This analysis compared the outcome of fresh-frozen versus autologous bone block grafts for horizontal ridge augmentation in patients with Cawood and Howell class IV atrophies.

Methods: Seventeen patients received autologous grafts and 21 patients received fresh-frozen bone grafts. Patients underwent CT scans 1 week and 6 months after surgery for graft volume and density analysis.

RhoA controls Wnt upregulation on microstructured titanium surfaces.

Rough topography enhances the activation of Wnt canonical signaling in vitro, and this mediates its effects on cell differentiation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying topography-dependent control of Wnt signaling are still poorly understood. As the small GTPase RhoA controls cytoskeletal reorganization and actomyosin-induced tensional forces, we hypothesized that RhoA could affect the activation of Wnt signaling in cells on micropatterned titanium surfaces.

Epilepsy surgery of focal cortical dysplasia-associated tumors.

The goal of the present study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and postoperative seizure outcome of epileptogenic tumors associated with focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) compared to both solitary FCD type I and solitary tumors. Particular attention is given to FCD type IIIb (tumors associated with FCD type I), which have been recently classified as a separate entity. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of 1,109 patients who were operated on for drug-resistant focal epilepsy, including 492 patients with a histologic diagnosis of solitary FCD I and II (83 and 157 cases, respectively), solitary tumors (179 cases), and FCD-associated tumors (73 cases, 58 of which met the criteria of FCD IIIb of the new International League Against Epilepsy [ILAE] classification).

Concerted electron/proton transfer mechanism in the oxidation of phenols by laccase.

This study aimed to assess structural requirements in the enzyme/substrate interactions that are responsible for tuning the enzymatic reactivity. To better assess the role of the aspartic residue in the substrate-binding pocket of basidiomycete-type laccases, we compared the catalytic efficiency of wild-type enzymes to that of a mutant in which carboxylic acid residue Asp206 was changed to alanine. Oxidation efficiency towards phenolic substrates by laccases of Trametes villosa, Trametes versicolor and a T.