The key role of caregiver confidence in the caregiver's contribution to self-care in adults with heart failure.

Background: Caregivers play an important role in contributing to heart failure (HF) patients' self-care but no prior studies have examined the caregivers' contributions to HF patients' self-care and no prior studies have examined potential determinants of the caregivers' contribution to HF patients' self-care.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to describe the caregivers' contribution to HF patients' self-care and identify its determinants.

Methods: The study design involved a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data.

[Educational interventions in patients with heart failure: a review of the literature].

Patient education is recognized as a central component of heart failure care and reduces hospital readmissions. Nurses have an important role in providing patient education and modifying self-care behaviors. The aim of this article is to examine characteristics of educational interventions for heart failure patients, their measured outcomes and the role of nurses in providing education.