Original research: initial development of a pragmatic tool to estimate cognitive decline risk focusing on potentially modifiable factors in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Cognitive decline is common in Parkinson's disease (PD). Calculating personalized risk of cognitive decline in PD would allow for appropriate counseling, early intervention with available treatments, and inclusion in disease-modifying trials.

Methods: Data were from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort.

Original research: longitudinal evaluation of cognitively demanding daily function using performance-based functional assessment highlights heterogeneous trajectories in cognitive and functional abilities in people with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Longitudinal assessment of functional abilities in Parkinson's disease (PD) is needed to determine the efficacy of cognitive interventions in providing meaningful improvements in daily life. Additionally, subtle changes in instrumental activities of daily living may precede a clinical diagnosis of dementia and could aid earlier detection of and intervention for cognitive decline.

Objective: The primary goal was to validate the longitudinal application of the University of California San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA).

Impacts of Rumen Degradable or Undegradable Protein Supplementation on Supplement Intake and Performance of Yearling Heifers and Cows Grazing Dryland Pastures.

Angus and Red Angus-based yearling heifers (n = 40) and lactating cows (n = 51) were each used in a complete randomized design and stratified by weight and body condition score to one of two treatments: (1) pressed supplement block containing rumen undegradable protein (RUP) and (2) pressed supplement block containing rumen degradable protein (RDP). Heifer and cow supplement intake displayed (p < 0.01) a treatment × period interaction.

Prognosis in substance abuse-related acute toxic leukoencephalopathy: A scoping review.

Objectives: Abuse of opiates, cocaine, and lipophilic inhalants (e.g., toluene) can damage brain myelin and cause acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (TL), but little is known about recovery or prognosis in this condition.

Headache-Associated Phantosmia as a Harbinger of Lewy Body Dementia.

Olfactory hallucinations, or phantosmias, can occur in many neurological, psychiatric, and medical conditions, but no widely used standardized approach exists to comprehensively assess qualitative olfactory dysfunction in the clinical setting. Additionally, medical professionals, patients, and their family members may not recognize phantosmia as a potentially neurological problem. Given the many possible etiologies for symptomatic phantosmia, it is important to recognize this unusual presentation and elicit a meaningful history to explore the potential underlying cause.

Impacts of Rumen Degradable or Undegradable Protein Supplementation with or without Salt on Nutrient Digestion, and VFA Concentrations.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of differences in protein type and delivery method on rumen dynamics and nutrient digestion. Cows were allotted to rumen degradable protein (RDP) or rumen undegradable protein (RUP) and self-fed (SF) salt-limited pressed blocks or hand-fed (HF) loose supplement, resulting in four dietary treatments. There was a delivery effect ( = 0.

Homeless men with psychosis are spending more time shelterless.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if homeless men with psychosis in central Melbourne have spent a greater proportion of the past 12 months in homeless settings as compared with the same group 15 years previously.

Method: A 12-month accommodation history was collected from all men with psychosis assessed by a homeless outreach mental health team over a 12-month period commencing 2018 and compared with data from 2006.

Results: Between 2006 and 2018, the percentage of time spent homeless in the previous 12 months rose from 50% to 80% ( = 0.

First-in-Human Phase I Clinical Trial of Pharmacologic Ascorbate Combined with Radiation and Temozolomide for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.

Purpose: Standard treatment for glioblastoma (GBM) includes surgery, radiation therapy (RT), and temozolomide (TMZ), yielding a median overall survival (OS) of approximately 14 months. Preclinical models suggest that pharmacologic ascorbate (P-AscH) enhances RT/TMZ antitumor effect in GBM. We evaluated the safety of adding P-AscH to standard RT/TMZ therapy.

Emergency Medicine Physician Assistant (EMPA) Postgraduate Training Programs: Program Characteristics and Training Curricula.

Introduction: A growing number of formal postgraduate training programs have been established to provide emergency medicine physician assistants (EMPA) with the unique skills and knowledge to work in the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study was to provide an overview of the current state of EMPA postgraduate training and to describe program characteristics and curriculum components.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of EMPA postgraduate training programs using data from websites and contacting individual programs to provide program characteristics and curriculum components.

Hypoventilation disproportionate to OSAS severity in children with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) have hypercapnia for higher proportion of total sleep time (TST) than non-syndromic children with similar obstructive apnoea-hypopnoea index (OAHI).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Two tertiary care hospitals.

Heating of Newborn Infants due to Blue Light-Emitting Diode Fibreoptic Phototherapy Pads.

Background: Surface temperatures of fibreoptic phototherapy pads using a high intensity blue light-emitting diode (LED) light source have not been studied.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to measure the temperature of LED fibreoptic phototherapy pads during phototherapy in a bench-top study, and to determine temperature effects on babies during phototherapy.

Methods: A commercially available LED fibreoptic phototherapy system was tested.

Sleepiness and activity in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and central sleep-disordered breathing.

Objective: Patients with heart failure (HF) and sleep disordered breathing (SDB) are typically not sleepy, unlike patients without heart failure. Previous work in HF patients with obstructive SDB suggested that sleepiness was associated with a reduction in daytime activity. The consequences of predominately central SDB on sleepiness in HF are less well understood.

O and HO-Mediated Disruption of Fe Metabolism Causes the Differential Susceptibility of NSCLC and GBM Cancer Cells to Pharmacological Ascorbate.

Pharmacological ascorbate has been proposed as a potential anti-cancer agent when combined with radiation and chemotherapy. The anti-cancer effects of ascorbate are hypothesized to involve the autoxidation of ascorbate leading to increased steady-state levels of HO; however, the mechanism(s) for cancer cell-selective toxicity remain unknown. The current study shows that alterations in cancer cell mitochondrial oxidative metabolism resulting in increased levels of O and HO are capable of disrupting intracellular iron metabolism, thereby selectively sensitizing non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and glioblastoma (GBM) cells to ascorbate through pro-oxidant chemistry involving redox-active labile iron and HO.

Investigation of the link between fluid shift and airway collapsibility as a mechanism for obstructive sleep apnea in congestive heart failure.

The increased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in congestive heart failure (CHF) may be associated with rostral fluid shift. We investigated the effect of overnight rostral fluid shift on pharyngeal collapsibility (Pcrit), pharyngeal caliber (APmean), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in CHF patients. Twenty-three optimally treated systolic CHF patients were studied.

Mapping Coaches' Views of Participation in CrossFit to the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change and Sense of Community.

Group-based training through CrossFit has recently exploded in popularity. Anecdotally, participants often make lifestyle changes and experience improved fitness. Participation factors were mapped to the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change and "sense of community" constructs.

Housing First: permanent supported accommodation for people with psychosis who have experienced chronic homelessness.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine whether a 'housing first' permanent supported accommodation was effective in improving housing stability, continuity of care and reducing mental health admissions for persons experiencing chronic homelessness with psychosis.

Methods: A quasi prospective cohort study of 42 chronic homeless persons with psychosis accommodated in a new purpose built facility in central Melbourne. Accommodation stability, mental health service contacts and psychiatric admissions were compared across the 2 years prior, the first 2 years of placement and the 2 years after leaving.

Evaluation of Postharvest Washing on Removal of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Spinach Leaves.

There is increasing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as pesticides for fruits and vegetables due to the particles' unique antimicrobial and insecticidal properties. However, residual AgNPs in harvested produce may transfer through the food chain and pose a potential risk to public health. The objective of this study is to determine whether postharvest washing can effectively remove AgNPs that had accumulated on fresh produce.

Ionic liquid crosslinkers for chiral imprinted nanoGUMBOS.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are an important class of selective materials for molecular specific sensors and separations. Molecular imprinting using non-covalent interactions in aqueous conditions still remains a difficult challenge due to interruption of hydrogen-bonding or electrostatic interactions water. Newly developed crosslinking ionic liquids are demonstrated herein to overcome problems of synthesizing aqueous MIPs, adding to previous examples of ionic liquids used as monomers in non-aqueous conditions or used as MIP solvents.

High-intensity functional training improves functional movement and body composition among cancer survivors: a pilot study.

This pilot study investigated feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a high-intensity functional training (HIFT) group-exercise programme among adult cancer survivors within 5 years of last cancer treatment. Eight participants were assigned to a 5-week, 3 days/week HIFT intervention with four testing sessions and 12 workouts along with mobility and stretching exercises. Feasibility was assessed by initiation, adherence, and acceptability.