Contribution of major histocompatibility complex class II immunostaining in distinguishing idiopathic inflammatory myopathy subgroups: A histopathological cohort study.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are rare, acquired muscle diseases; their diagnosis of is based on clinical, serological, and histological criteria. MHC-I-positive immunostaining, although non-specific, is used as a marker for IIM diagnosis; however, the significance of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II immunostaining in IIM remains debated. We investigated patterns of MHC-II immunostaining in myofibers and capillaries in muscle biopsies from 103 patients with dermatomyositis ([DM], n = 31), inclusion body myositis ([IBM], n = 24), anti-synthetase syndrome ([ASyS], n = 10), immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy ([IMNM], n = 18), or overlap myositis ([OM], n = 20).

Review Article a Multidisciplinary Evaluation for Advanced Supportive Care of Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: Cancer cases diagnosed each year are increasing, mainly because the population is ageing and, in part, due to early detection. This implies that there are more and more persons that receive medical anticancer therapies and that are interested in maintaining their quality of life. Many oncological treatments, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, and combined therapy are associated with cutaneous toxicity and long-term side effects to different tissues and organs.

Clinical and Trichoscopic Graded Live Visual Scale for Androgenetic Alopecia.

Introduction: Currently, the mostly used classifications of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) only provide a macroscopic and subjective description of this disorder, without evaluating trichoscopic features.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to elaborate a graded live visual AGA severity scale including macroscopic and microscopic (trichoscopic) pictures, and to determine the most frequent trichoscopic characteristics associated to each grade.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 122 patients (50 females and 72 males) affected by AGA.

Recurrence of alopecia areata after covid-19 vaccination: A report of three cases in Italy.

Background: Common COVID-19 vaccines side effects are pain at the injection site, muscle pain, fever, headaches, fatigue. Possible immune-related side effects in predisposed individuals have not been established so far.

Materials And Methods: We report three cases of recurrence of alopecia areata (AA) occurred after the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine.

Are dissecting cellulitis and hidradenitis suppurativa different diseases?

Although dissecting cellulitis (DC) and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are classified separately, they share many clinical, dermatoscopic, pathogenetic, and histologic aspects, as well as therapeutic options. The association between DC, HS, and acne conglobata represents the follicular occlusion triad or follicular occlusion tetrad, which may include a pilonidal sinus. DC, also known as "folliculitis et perifolliculitis capitis abscendes et suffoidens," is classified as a secondary cicatricial and neutrophilic alopecia.

Fluorescence advanced videodermoscopy: a new method of hairs and scalp evaluation. Comparison with trichoscopy.

Introduction: Non-invasive diagnostic methods in clinical dermatology are widely used to reduce the need for invasive techniques, with great advantages in terms of cost and time. Dermoscopy is the reference test for the in vivo diagnosis of cutaneous lesions, and when it is performed on the scalp region it is named trichoscopy. Fluorescence advanced videodermoscopy (FAV) has been lately proposed as a new non-invasive method for the in vivo skin examination at high magnification, with cell-level resolution.

Clinical aspect, pathogenesis and therapy options of alopecia induced by hormonal therapy for breast cancer.

Adjuvant hormonal therapy is one of the most important treatments of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer and includes selective estrogen receptor modulators, aromatase inhibitors, and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogs. In patients receiving these drugs, a progressive recession of frontal-temporal hairlines is often observed, such as a certain grade of hair miniaturization in the same areas and the central scalp area, producing a pseudo-female androgenic alopecia, which has to be considered oncotherapy-induced alopecia. The aim of this work, is to describe the clinical aspects and pathogenesis of this type of alopecia and to analyze the different drugs which have been proposed until now.

Feasibility of Patient Navigation and Impact on Adherence to Screening Colonoscopy in a Large Diverse Urban Population.

Introduction: Disparities observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality among blacks and Hispanics compared with whites may be in part due to lower screening rates. The New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) has implemented a patient navigator (PN) program at NYC hospitals serving lower-income patients to promote high adherence by patients referred for screening colonoscopy. A prior study showed this PN program increased adherence at 3 public hospitals.

Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is one of the most dramatic side effects of chemotherapy. Currently no guidelines are available for its prevention and treatment. Several devices and drugs are used, but results are often disappointing.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia and genital Lichen sclerosus: Single-center experience.

Background: Despite the incidence of Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) has been increasing in last two decades, the pathophysiology and trigger factors of FFA have not been yet fully understood.

Aims: The aim of this study was to describe epidemiology, clinical and trichoscopic features and comorbidities of FFA patients, in order to improve the understanding of this disease.

Patients/methods: A retrospective, observational monocentric study was conducted from 2003 to 2019.

Dermatologic management of oncotherapy side effects: A proposed algorithm.

Since the introduction of the first chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of oncological disease, hundreds of drugs have been approved for cancer treatment and many more are under investigation. The development of newer drugs such as target therapies, immuno-oncotherapies, and hormonal therapies has increased in specificity with the development of smaller molecules and more selective targets. Cutaneous side effects are now well known for both standard chemotherapy and targeted therapies.

A new treatment of alopecia induced by palbociclib: Topical cetirizine.

Introduction: Recently CDK4/6 inhibitors have been introduced for the treatment of hormone positive breast cancer resistant to endocrine therapy. Among their side effects, alopecia is often reported being associated to patients' distress and depressive symptoms.

Case Report: We report the case of a 70-year-old woman affected by breast cancer in treatment with Palbociclib, who developed alopecia.

Recommendations on trichological treatments during COVID-19 pandemic.

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which rapidly spreads via respiratory droplets and is the cause of the current pandemic. In this alarming situation, it is a delicate matter how to visit patients safely and how to manage their chronic treatments. The aim of this paper is to examine in detail the potential impact on SARS-CoV-2 infection of treatments routinely used in trichology and to provide a useful guide for the therapeutic management of trichological patients in this new COVID-19 era.

Efficacy of Topical Finasteride 0.5% vs 17α-Estradiol 0.05% in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Retrospective, Single-Blind Study of 119 Patients.

Background And Objectives: Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a common form of scalp hair loss that occurs in 38% of females. Currently, minoxidil solution is the only therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, but many other treatments are used, including cyproterone acetate, spironolactone, topical 17α-estradiol, and prostaglandin analogs. Systemic finasteride has been considered a treatment option in women even though its teratogenic effects tend to limit its prescription.

Capillaroscopy: a new application for the evaluation of vascular side-effects induced by chemotherapy.

Background: Cancer survivors are rising up, but this better survival is accompanied by possible treatments side-effects. In particular, cardiovascular effects are commonly reported, even if vascular damage is not necessarily connected to clinical manifestations. Periungual microcircle evaluation through capillaroscopy could identify asymptomatic patients with high risk of cerebro-cardio-vascular disease.

Eosinophilic folliculitis of the scalp associated with PD-1/PDL1 inhibitors.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are monoclonal antibodies which target immune "checkpoints" enhancing T cell-mediated cytotoxic and antitumor responses. Together to the amazing results, these drugs are associated with some peculiar adverse events called immune-related adverse events. Alopecia is one of these.

Impact of a Citywide Benchmarking Intervention on Colonoscopy Quality Performance.

Introduction: There is marked variability in colonoscopy quality, limiting its effectiveness in colorectal cancer prevention. Multiple indicators have been established as markers for colonoscopy quality; however, there are conflicting data on the effects of quality reporting programs on endoscopist performance. In this study, we investigate the impact of a multicenter quarterly report card initiative on colonoscopy quality metric performance.

Isoradiotopic response of discoid lupus after radiotherapy: A case report and review of the literature.

Radiotherapy is frequently associated with a great number of collateral effects, which can affect the skin and its appendages. In addition to more common side effects, like radiodermatitis, other cutaneous conditions are less known and often they are underdiagnosed. Among these, isoradiotopic response is one of the rare radiotherapy-associated phenomena.

Italian Guidelines in diagnosis and treatment of alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata (AA) is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder that targets anagen phase hair follicles. The course is unpredictable and current available treatments have variable efficacy. Nowadays, there is relatively little evidence on treatment of AA from well-designed clinical trials.