Xpert Bladder Cancer Monitor for the Early Detection of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Recurrences: Could Cystoscopy Be Substituted?

XBM was prospectively assessed in spontaneous urine collected just before flexible cystoscopy and washing cytology carried out within the first 2 years follow-up of 337 patients with NMIBC. Recurrences were pathologically confirmed in 49 patients (14.5%), 22 of them being high-risk (6.

[Optimization biomarkers in the surveillance of non muscle invasive bladder cancer.].

Introduction: Bladder cancer is thefifth most common tumor in the world. Moreover, it isone of the most expensive due to its high recurrencerate. Urinary biomarkers for surveillance of non muscleinvasive bladder cancer is a promising and growingfield due to the invasiveness of the actual methods, basedon cystoscopy and cytology.

Genetic predisposition to early recurrence in clinically localized prostate cancer.

Unlabelled: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: Currently available nomograms to predict preoperative risk of early biochemical recurrence (EBCR) after radical prostatectomy are solely based on classic clinicopathological variables. Despite providing useful predictions, these models are not perfect. Indeed, most researchers agree that nomograms can be improved by incorporating novel biomarkers.

33% radius evaluation to assess bone mineral density in prostate cancer patients.

Purpose: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the standard method to assess bone mineral density (BMD). The International Society for Clinical Densitometry recommends the measurement of BMD at lumbar spine, total hip and femoral neck, but in certain circumstances the 33% radius may be the recommended area to measure BMD. The aim of this study has been to analyze whether 33% radius should be considered the recommended area to assess BMD in prostate cancer patients.

Improved prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy by genetic polymorphisms.

Purpose: Single nucleotide polymorphisms are inherited genetic variations that can predispose or protect individuals against clinical events. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphism profiling may improve the prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective, multi-institutional study of 703 patients treated with radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer who had at least 5 years of followup after surgery.

Behavior of the PCA3 gene in the urine of men with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.

Objective: An ideal marker for the early detection of prostate cancer (PCa) should also differentiate between men with isolated high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and those with PCa. Prostate Cancer Gene 3 (PCA3) is a highly specific PCa gene and its score, in relation to the PSA gene in post-prostate massage urine (PMU-PCA3), seems to be useful in ruling out PCa, especially after a negative prostate biopsy. Because PCA3 is also expressed in the HGPIN lesion, the aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of PMU-PCA3 scores for ruling out PCa in men with previous HGPIN.

Preoperative prediction of pathologically insignificant prostate cancer in radical prostatectomy specimens: the role of prostate volume and the number of positive cores.

Introduction: To determine clinical and biopsy features with predictive capacity to identify pathologically insignificant prostate cancer (pIPCa).

Material And Methods: pIPCa was defined as cancer volume <0.5 cm(3) and a Gleason score (GS) of View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Evaluation of the serum testosterone to prostate-specific antigen ratio as a predictor of prostate cancer risk.

Objective: To analyse the ratio of serum testosterone (sT) to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a predictor of prostate cancer risk, as low levels of sT have been related to a greater risk of prostate cancer, and its ratio with serum PSA level was recently proposed as a new tool to increase the specificity of PSA.

Patients And Methods: In all, 439 consecutive men with a normal digital rectal examination and a serum PSA level of 4.1-20 ng/mL had a transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy using a 10-core scheme, with an additional 1-8 cores according to prostate volume and patient age.

Risk factors for positive findings in patients with high-grade T1 bladder cancer treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TUR) and bacille Calmette-Guérin therapy and the decision for a repeat TUR.

Objective: To determine factors predictive of positive findings at the 3-month follow-up evaluation (after transurethral resection of bladder tumour [TUR] and bacille Calmette-Guérin [BCG] therapy) in patients with initial high-grade (HG)T1 bladder cancer, and to assess the depth of lamina propria (LP) invasion and effectiveness of BCG therapy.

Patients And Methods: In all, 138 patients with initial HGT1-transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) were prospectively assigned, after TUR + BCG and according to depth of LP invasion, to a postBCG-TUR (T1b) or cystoscopy/cytology (T1a) at 3 months. Any finding at 3 months was considered positive.

The relationship between total and free serum testosterone and the risk of prostate cancer and tumour aggressiveness.

Objective: To analyse the relationship between the levels of total and free serum testosterone and the risk of prostate cancer and tumour aggressiveness.

Patients And Methods: Total and free serum testosterone were determined in 478 patients consecutively assessed by transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy because of an abnormal digital rectal examination and/or serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of >4.0 ng/mL.

Individual variations of serum testosterone in patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy.

Objective: To analyse individual variations in serum testosterone level, the cumulative rate of 'breakthrough' increases over castrate levels, and to evaluate whether the increases can be predicted.

Patients And Methods: Serum testosterone levels were determined every 6 months over 3 years in 73 consecutive patients with prostate cancer who were medically castrated, prospectively enrolled in a single tertiary academic centre. Patients recruited for this study were being treated with a 3-monthly depot of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist over 6-48 months.

Is there a relationship between prostate volume and Gleason score?

Objectives: To review the relationship between the Gleason grade and prostate volume in biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens, and thus assess the hypothesis that smaller prostates have a greater incidence of high-grade tumours.

Patients And Methods: We selected 390 patients who had RP at our institution, with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of < 10 ng/mL and who had not had hormonal therapy. We retrospectively reviewed the data for transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsies from these patients and the RP specimens.

Redefining clinically significant castration levels in patients with prostate cancer receiving continuous androgen deprivation therapy.

Purpose: We determined the testosterone castration level with clinical relevance in patients with prostate cancer on continuous androgen deprivation therapy. Secondary objectives were to analyze the role of associated bicalutamide in breakthrough increases of serum testosterone in these patients and the possible benefit of maximal androgen blockade.

Materials And Methods: Serum testosterone was determined 3 times (in 6 months) in 73 patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer treated with medical castration, 28 (38.

Prevalence of osteoporosis during long-term androgen deprivation therapy in patients with prostate cancer.

Objectives: To know the prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with prostate cancer according to the duration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Methods: Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to assess the bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, Ward's triangle, trochanter, and total hip in 390 patients free of bone metastases. Osteoporosis was diagnosed if a T-score of less than 2.

The relationship between daily calcium intake and bone mineral density in men with prostate cancer.

Objective: To analyse the relationship between daily calcium intake (DCI) and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with prostate cancer, and to assess if DCI is a risk factor for osteoporosis in this group of patients.

Patients And Methods: DCI was assessed by a standard questionnaire answered by men with prostate cancer who had had bone densitometry. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine and different hip sites, in a cross-sectional study including 372 men with prostate cancer free of bone metastases, 71.

Failure to maintain a suppressed level of serum testosterone during long-acting depot luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist therapy in patients with advanced prostate cancer.

Objectives: It was the aim of this study to analyze the failure rates in achieving or maintaining castrate levels of serum testosterone in patients with advanced prostate cancer treated with the 3-month luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (LH-RH) therapy.

Methods: Total serum testosterone was determined in 234 patients with prostate cancer in a cross-sectional study. A subset of 90 patients submitted to radical prostatectomy was used as the control group (group 1), and 144 patients with advanced prostate cancer under androgen suppression therapy were included in the study group (groups 2 and 3).

Bone mineral density changes in patients with prostate cancer during the first 2 years of androgen suppression.

Purpose: We characterized bone mineral density changes in patients with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy during the first 2 years of uninterrupted therapy, and identified which location most reflects bone mass loss.

Materials And Methods: Using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, bone mineral density was prospectively assessed in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer at the lumbar spine and femoral neck, Ward's triangle, trochanter and total hip. Measurements were performed at baseline and yearly thereafter in patients on ADT, and at baseline and 1 year in controls (age matched patients with prostate cancer, free of biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy).

Effect of androgen deprivation therapy in the thyroid function test of patients with prostate cancer.

We have assessed the effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in the thyroid function test in prostate cancer patients. Serum levels of tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined in a cross-sectional study that included 279 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. A subset of 96 patients free of prostate-specific antigen relapse after radical prostatectomy became a control group and 183 patients under continuous ADT formed the study group.