Characterizing motion prediction in small autonomous swarms.

The use of robotic swarms has become increasingly common in research, industrial, and military domains for tasks such as collective exploration, coordinated movement, and collective localization. Despite the expanded use of robotic swarms, little is known about how swarms are perceived by human operators. To characterize human-swarm interactions, we evaluate how operators perceive swarm characteristics, including movement patterns, control schemes, and occlusion.

When Anger Motivates: Approach States Selectively Influence Running Performance.

Emotional states are thought to influence athletic performance. Emotions characterized by high arousal enhance exercise performance. Extant research has focused on the valence and arousal dimensions of emotions, but not whether the motivational dimension (the extent to which the emotion engenders approach or avoidance behaviors) influences exercise performance.

Verbal long-term memory is enhanced by retrieval practice but impaired by prefrontal direct current stimulation.

Retrieval practice involves repeatedly testing a student during the learning experience, reliably conferring learning advantages relative to repeated study. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) has also been shown to confer learning advantages for verbal memory, though research is equivocal. The present study examined the effects of retrieval versus study practice with or without left dlPFC tDCS on verbal episodic memory.

Visual salience and biological motion interact to determine camouflaged target detectability.

Target visual salience and biological motion independently influence the accuracy and latency of observer detection. However, it is currently unknown how these target parameters might interact in modulating the detectability of camouflaged human targets. In two experiments, observers performed a visual target detection task.