The effect of Galilean magnification loupes on the visual acuity and working distance of dental students.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the visual acuity and working distance of dental students using Galilean loupes at different magnification levels.

Methods: The participants included 50 undergraduate dentistry students selected from each class in the second to fifth years (N = 200) of São Paulo State University, School of Dentistry, Araraquara. The response variables were (i) the working distance between the operator's eyes and the mouth of the dental phantom head, and (ii) visual acuity.