Vaccination coverage according to race or skin color in children born in 2017-2018 in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil: a population survey.

Objective: To analyze vaccination coverage up to 24 months of age according to race/ skin color in the 2017-2018 live birth cohort in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

Methods: Population-based survey conducted in 2020 and 2021. Vaccination coverage up to 24 months of age was estimated according to administered, valid and timely doses.

Full vaccination coverage with valid doses among the 2017 and 2018 live birth cohort in the Southeast region of Brazil.

Objective: To analyze factors associated with full vaccination coverage with valid doses, in children from four state capitals and three other cities in Southeast Brazil.

Method: Analysis of a population survey conducted in 2020-2021, with a sample stratified according to socioeconomic levels of children born in 2017-2018, with data collected through photographic records of their vaccination cards. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for full vaccination coverage were estimated based on the characteristics of the family, mother and child.

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccination coverage in capitals and interior region municipalities of Northeast Brazil: a household survey in a cohort of children born in 2017 and 2018.

Objective: To analyze measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination coverage among children up to 24 months old and factors associated with non-vaccination in a 2017-2018 live birth cohort, in state capitals and large interior region cities in Northeast Brazil.

Methods: Population-based survey analyzing vaccination coverage and sociodemographic factors through logistic regression.

Results: For 12,137 children, vaccination coverage was 79.

Vaccine coverage by social strata in state capitals in the Brazilian Midwest region: a household survey of children born in 2017 and 2018.

Objective: To analyze full vaccination coverage in live births in 2017 and 2018 in the capitals of the Midwest region of Brazil, according to social strata.

Methods: Population-based household survey with cluster sampling. Full coverage in children at 12 and 24 months of age and sociodemographic factors were analyzed.

Vaccination coverage, hesitancy and associated factors: a household survey of a cohort of children born in 2017 and 2018 in urban areas of state capital cities in the Brazilian Northeast.

Objective: To estimate vaccination coverage and analyze sociodemographic factors associated with non-vaccination in children born in 2017 and 2018 in the state capitals of Northeast Brazil.

Methods: A household survey using cluster sampling was conducted from 2020-2022 to estimate vaccination coverage and hesitancy. Factors associated with non-vaccination were analyzed using logistic regression to calculate Odds Ratios (OR) and their Confidence Intervals (95%CI).

Vaccination coverage, barriers and vaccine hesitancy in children up to 24 months old: a population survey in a state capital in the Western Amazon.

Objective: To estimate vaccination coverage, identify barriers and hesitancy to vaccinating children up to 24 months, born between 2017-2018, living in the urban area of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil.

Methods: Population survey carried out from 2020 to 2021, which assessed sociodemographic characteristics and vaccination status among children.

Results: Among 451 included children, vaccination coverage was below 80%.

Use of private vaccination services by infants in Brazilian municipalities: National Vaccine Coverage Survey 2020.

Objective: To characterize the use of private services in infant vaccination and assess vaccination coverage according to the service used.

Methods: : This was a national vaccination survey conducted in 2020 that estimated the use of private vaccination services and vaccination coverage among infants residing in state capitals and 12 inland municipalities.

Results: : Of the 37,801 participants, 25.

Complete vaccination coverage of children born in 2017-2018, living in urban areas of state capitals and in 12 inland cities in Brazil: a population-based survey from a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To estimate vaccination coverage in children born between 2017-2018, living in urban areas of state capitals, the Federal District and 12 inland municipalities in Brazil, and to identify associated factors.

Methods: This was a household survey conducted between 2020-2022, among children up to 24 months old. Vaccination coverage was estimated according to family, maternal and child characteristics.

Vaccination coverage survey by social stratum in children up to 24 months of age in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, between 2021 and 2022.

Objective: To analyze vaccination coverage according to social strata in children up to 24 months old, living in the municipality of Londrina (PR), Brazil.

Methods: This was a population-based survey conducted between 2021 and 2022, in which vaccination coverage and sociodemographic aspects of mothers and families were evaluated using Pearson's chi-square test.

Results: In a sample of 456 children, complete vaccination coverage varied according to social strata, being 36.

Reliability of information recorded on the National Immunization Program Information System.

Objective: To analyze the reliability of records held on the National Immunization Program Information System (SI-PNI) in a subsample of children included in the national vaccination coverage survey in Brazilian state capitals and Federal District in 2020.

Methods: This was a study of agreement between data recorded on vaccination cards (doses and dates) and on the SI-PNI for 4050 children with full coverage at 24 months.

Results: Data on 3587 children were held on the SI-PNI, with losses of 11% (95%CI: 10;12).

Vaccination coverage and delay in vaccination of infants born in 2017 and 2018 in municipalities in the Southern region of Brazil: National Vaccination Coverage Survey 2020.

Objective: To evaluate vaccination coverage and delay in vaccine dose administration in infants in six municipalities in the Southern region of Brazil.

Methodology: National Vaccination Coverage Survey 2020, with infants born alive in 2017 and 2018, carried out from September 2020 to March 2022. Coverage of doses administered, doses administered on time and delay in dose administration were evaluated.

Hepatitis A vaccination coverage survey in 24-month-old children living in Brazilian capitals, 2020.

Objective: To estimate hepatitis A vaccination coverage in 24-month-old children and identify factors associated with non-vaccination.

Methods: This was a survey involving a sample stratified by socioeconomic strata in capital cities (2020-2022), with coverage estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), the factor analysis was performed using the prevalence ratio (PR) by means of Poisson regression.

Results: Among 31,001 children, hepatitis A coverage was 88.

Description of vaccination coverage and hesitancy obtained by epidemiological survey of children born in 2017-2018, in Belo Horizonte and Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Objective: To describe vaccination coverage and hesitation for the basic children's schedule in Belo Horizonte and Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais state, Brazil.

Methods: Population-based epidemiological surveys performed from 2020 to 2022, which estimated vaccine coverage by type of immunobiological product and full schedule (valid and ministered doses), according to socioeconomic strata; and reasons for vaccination hesitancy.

Results: Overall coverage with valid doses and vaccination hesitancy for at least one vaccine were, respectively, 50.

Racial inequalities in child vaccination and barriers to vaccination in Brazil among live births in 2017 and 2018: an analysis of a retrospective cohort of the first two years of life.

Objective: To describe timely vaccination completion and obstacles in the first 24 months of life in Brazil, examining associations with maternal race/skin color.

Methods: Study participants were 37,801 children born in 2017 and 2018 included in the National Immunization Coverage Survey. We calculated prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for timely vaccine completeness and obstacles at 5, 12 and 24 months of life, according to maternal race/skin color.

Strategies for expanding childhood vaccination in the Americas following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To provide an overview of the status of the childhood vaccination schedule in the Americas, outline program structures, and identify updated implementation strategies to improve vaccination coverage following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A group of experts in pediatrics, epidemiology, vaccines, and global and public health discussed the current status of the childhood vaccination schedule in the Americas, describing the program structure and identifying new implementation strategies that have the potential to improve vaccination coverage in the post-pandemic context, after the challenges COVID-19 presented for more than two years.

Results: The Americas currently face a high risk of resurgence of diseases that were previously controlled or eliminated.

Comprehensive landscape of neutralizing antibody and cell-mediated response elicited by the 1/5 fractional dose of 17DD-YF primary vaccination in adults.

The present study aimed at evaluating the YF-specific neutralizing antibody profile besides a multiparametric analysis of phenotypic/functional features of cell-mediated response elicited by the 1/5 fractional dose of 17DD-YF vaccine, administered as a single subcutaneous injection. The immunological parameters of each volunteer was monitored at two time points, referred as: before (Day 0) [Non-Vaccinated, NV] and after vaccination (Day 30-45) [Primary Vaccinees, PV]. Data demonstrated high levels of neutralizing antibodies for PV leading to a seropositivity rate of 93%.

Immune response induced by standard and fractional doses of 17DD yellow fever vaccine.

The re-emergence of yellow fever (YF) urged new mass vaccination campaigns and, in 2017, the World Health Organization approved the use of the fractional dose (FD) of the YF vaccine due to stock shortage. In an observational cross-sectional investigation, we have assessed viremia, antibodies, soluble mediators and effector and memory T and B-cells induced by primary vaccination of volunteers with FD and standard dose (SD). Similar viremia and levels of antibodies and soluble markers were induced early after immunization.

Half dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine was equivalent to full doses to reduce moderate and severe COVID-19 cases.

Objectives: Previously, we presented the effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 half-dose (HD) immunization for preventing new COVID-19 cases. Here, we evaluated the administration of an HD of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in the primary immunization protocol (up to two doses) in reducing moderate and severe cases, hospitalizations, and deaths when compared to the administration of full doses (FD) after a long-term follow-up.

Methods: We evaluated data from 29,469 participants between January 2021 and November 2022 who received an HD or FD vaccine and crossed this information with their medical records to identify those who developed moderate or severe cases.

National Vaccine Coverage Survey 2020: methods and operational aspects.

Objective: The national vaccination coverage survey on full vaccination at 12 and 24 months of age was carried out to investigate drops in coverage as of 2016.

Methods: A sample of 37,836 live births from the 2017 or 2018 cohorts living in capital cities, the Federal District, and 12 inner cities with 100 thousand inhabitants were followed for the first 24 months through vaccine record cards. Census tracts stratified according to socioeconomic levels had the same number of children included in each stratum.

The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in Latin America, 2021: a multicenter regional case-control study.

Background: As of September 2022, nearly 1.3 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine products have been administered in Latin America and the Caribbean, where 27% of global COVID-19 deaths have occurred. This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against lab-confirmed COVID-19 related hospitalizations and deaths among adults in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.

Vaccination coverage in children in the period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: a time series analysis and literature review.

Objective: To evaluate the behavior of VCR and VCH, per municipality and per vaccines offered at the NVC, to identify priority areas for intervention.

Methods: Descriptive study of a time series, using secondary data and accompanied by a narrative review of the literature evaluating VCR and VCH. Vaccines offered to children under one year and to those aged one year in the pre-pandemic period of COVID-19 (2015 to 2019) were selected and compared to those offered during the pandemic period (2020 and 2021).

Effectiveness, safety, and immunogenicity of half dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 COVID-19 Vaccine: Viana project.

Fractional dose is an important strategy to increase access to vaccines. This study evaluated the effectiveness, safety, and immunogenicity of half dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. A non-inferiority non-randomized controlled trial compared a half dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 with the full dose, with an interval of 8 to 10 weeks, in individuals aged 18-49 years.

[Changes in the pattern of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths after substantial vaccination of the elderly in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil].

The impact of COVID-19 vaccination in the elderly has received relatively little attention, particularly in a scenario predominated by the gamma variant. The aim of this study was to assess vaccination coverage and its relationship to changes in the pattern of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in the elderly in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. This was an ecological study with Brazilian Ministry of Health data on hospitalizations and deaths, assessing vaccination coverage based on a two-dose regimen, in addition to two vaccination regimens associated with a significant protective effect, one partial (35 days or more after the first dose of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine) and the other complete (14 days or more after the second dose of the Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine).

The SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign in Brazil and the invisibility of science evidences.

This paper reflects on the vaccination campaign against COVID-19 in Brazil in light of the consideration of scientific evidence in the decision-making process. Brazil has one of the largest and most complete vaccination programs in the world, the National Immunization Program (Programa Nacional de Imunizações or PNI). Unfortunately, in the current context, with the political interference of the federal government, the PNI lost its role in conducting the vaccination campaign against COVID-19.

Exploratory study of humoral and cellular immunity to 17DD Yellow Fever vaccination in children and adults residents of areas without circulation of Yellow Fever Virus.

The present investigation comprised two independent observational arms to evaluate the influence of pre-existing flavivirus humoral immunity and the age-impact on 17DD-YF vaccination immunity. Flavivirus (YFV; DENV; ZIKV) serology and YF-specific cellular immunity was evaluated in 288 children/9-4 and 288 adults/18-49 residents of areas without YFV circulation. Data demonstrated that flavivirus seropositivity at baseline was higher in Adults as compared to Children (26%;87%;67% vs 6%;13%;15%, respectively).