The lumbar adjacent-level syndrome: analysis of clinical, radiological, and surgical parameters in a large single-center series.

Objective: The development of specific clinical and neurological symptoms and radiological degeneration affecting the segment adjacent to a spinal arthrodesis comprise the framework of adjacent-level syndrome. Through the analysis of a large surgical series, this study aimed to identify possible demographic, clinical, radiological, and surgical risk factors involved in the development of adjacent-level syndrome.

Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis of adult patients undergoing lumbar fusion procedures between January 2014 and December 2018 was performed.

Single-Stage Posterior Transpedicular Corpectomy and 360-Degree Reconstruction for Thoracic and Lumbar Burst Fractures: Technical Nuances and Outcomes.

Background:  We evaluate the feasibility of a single-stage posterior corpectomy and circumferential arthrodesis with the aid of spinal navigation for the treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures.

Methods:  This was a single-center, retrospective study. Demographics, clinical, and radiologic data of 19 patients who underwent surgery at our institution for thoracolumbar burst fractures between 2016 and 2019 were collected.

Epidemiology, natural course, and preventive measures of osteoporotic vertebral fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Introduction: This review aims to search for up-to-date information on epidemiology, natural course, and preventive measures of osteoporotic spine fractures.

Evidence Acquisition: We reviewed the literature of the last ten years using keywords "natural course and osteoporotic vertebral fractures," "epidemiology and osteoporotic vertebral fractures" and "prevention and osteoporotic vertebral fractures." We then discussed the search results to reach an agreement in two consensus meetings on January and February 2021 of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee.

Clinical and Radiological Factors Affecting Thoracolumbar Fractures Outcome: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

To obtain a list of recommendations about clinical and radiological factors affecting outcome in thoraco-lumbar fractures with the aim of helping spine surgeons in daily practice. A systematic literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar database was done from 2010 to 2020 on the topic "thoracolumbar fracture AND radiology AND surgical outcomes" and "thoracolumbar fracture AND radiology AND surgical outcomes." A total of 58 papers were analyzed and WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies) Spine Committee organized 2 consensus meetings to formulate the specific recommendations the first in Peshawar in December 2019 and in a subsequent virtual meeting in June 2020 to reach an agreement.

Early Management of Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Scientific knowledge today is being generated more rapidly than we can assimilate thus requiring continuous review of gold-standards for diagnosis and treatment of specific pathologies. The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the best early management of spinal cord injury (SCI), in order to produce acceptable worldwide recommendations to standardize clinical practice as much as possible.The WFNS Spine Committee voted recommendations regarding management of SCI based on literature review of the last 10 years.

Degenerative Lumbar Spine Stenosis Consensus Conference: the Italian job. Recommendations of the Spinal Section of the Italian Society of Neurosurgery.

In the modern era evidence-based medicine, guidelines and recommendations represent a key-point of daily activity. The Spinal Section of the Italian Society of Neurosurgery introduced some recommendations regarding Degenerative Lumbar Spine Stenosis based on those of the Spine Committee of World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies, revising them on the basis of Italian common practice. In June 2019, a Committee of 21 spine surgeons met in Rome to validate the recommendations of the WFNS.

Conservative Treatment and Percutaneous Pain Relief Techniques in Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Background: Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a progressive disease with potentially dangerous consequences that affect quality of life. Despite the detailed literature, natural history is unpredictable. This uncertainty presents a challenge making the correct management decisions, especially in patients with mild to moderate symptoms, regarding conservative or surgical treatment.

Decompressive Surgery for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Objective: Lumbar spine stenosis is a common disease with a prevalence progressively increasing due to the aging of the population. Despite many papers having been published over the last decades, there still remain many doubts regarding its natural history and appropriate treatment. To overcome these problems and reach some globally accepted recommendations, the World Federation of Neurosurgical Society Spine Committee organized a consensus conference on this topic.

Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Introduction to the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee Recommendations.

Introduction: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common degenerative disease that every spine surgeon will come across in daily practice. Despite this, the natural history and treatment have not been well established and standardized as yet, and there have been few guidelines published on this topic to date. The aim of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Society Spine Committee Consensus Conference is to define evidence-based and expert-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of LSS, considering the different possibilities and facilities in countries worldwide.

Traumatic Spine Injury: Which Discrepancy Between the Research Output and the Actual Burden of the Disease?

Objective: Traumatic spinal injury (TSI) is a global health issue contributing to morbidity and mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to compare the epidemiological estimates of TSI with the corresponding amount of published papers for different regions.

Methods: A bibliometric analysis was performed by collecting the number of publications concerning TSI from the PubMed database.

Intramedullary spinal cord tumors: the value of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in a series of 57 cases from two Italian centers.

Background: Intramedullary spinal cord tumors are rare lesions of the central nervous system. Anatomical, molecular and radiological features are well defined, but correct management is still matter of debate. Pertinent literature has reported conflicting opinions regarding the use of intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring (IONM) in the surgical treatment of this kind of lesions, recently.

An observational analysis of costs and effectiveness of an intraoperative compared with a preoperative image-guided system in spine surgery fixation: analysis of 10 years of experience.

Background: Image-guided navigation systems are well established technologies; their use in clinical practice is constantly growing. To date many publications have demonstrated their accuracy and safety. However, the acquisition and maintenance costs are high.

Analysis of the learning curve of the surgical procedure for the treatment of thoracic disc herniation using anterolateral transthoracic approach with the aid of image-guided system.

Background: In surgery, the learning process represents one of the critical topics in the development of a young surgeon where there is often no standardized learning program. The learning curve is defined by plotting proficiency as a function of time, or the number of repetitions. In this study, we analyzed the learning process for a rare and surgically demanding pathology such as thoracic disc herniations (TDHs) treated with an antero-lateral trans-thoracic approach.

Preoperative Magnetic Resonance and Intraoperative Computed Tomography Fusion for Real-Time Neuronavigation in Intramedullary Lesion Surgery.

Background: Image-guided surgery techniques in spinal surgery are usually based upon fluoroscopy or computed tomography (CT) scan, which allow for a real-time navigation of bony structures, though not of neural structures and soft tissue remains.

Objective: To verify the effectiveness and efficacy of a novel technique of imaging merging between preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative CT scan during removal of intramedullary lesions.

Methods: Ten consecutive patients were treated for intramedullary lesions using a navigation system aid.

Delayed otogenic pneumocephalus complicating ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Tension pneumocephalus complicating ventriculoperitoneal shunt is extremely rare. We report an elderly male who developed delayed tension pneumocephalus 12 months after ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus complicating aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Fine-cut reformatted computer tomography scan revealed a large pneumatocele on the petrous apex associated with tegmen tympani defect.