Protective effects of diet containing rutin against trichlorfon-induced muscle bioenergetics disruption and impairment on fatty acid profile of silver catfish Rhamdia quelen.

Trichlorfon is an organophosphate insecticide that is widely used on fish farms to control parasitic infections. It has been detected in freshwater ecosystems as well as in fishery products. There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that certain feed additives may reduce or prevent pesticide-induced toxicity in fish.

Diphenyl diselenide dietary supplementation protects against fumonisin B-induced oxidative stress in brains of the silver catfish Rhamdia quelen.

The trend toward using plant-based ingredients in aquafeeds has raised important concerns for aquaculture owing to the negative impacts of mycotoxins on fish health; with emphasis for contamination by fumonisin B (FB). The brain is an important target of FB; however, study of the pathways linked to brain damage is limited to an analysis of histopathological alterations. Reports have demonstrated the protective effects of dietary supplementation with diphenyl diselenide (PhSe) in the brains of fish subjected to several environmental insults; nevertheless, its neuroprotective effects in fish fed with diets contaminated with FB remain unknown.

Grape pomace flour alleviates Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced hepatic oxidative stress in grass carp by improving antioxidant defense.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterial pathogen in aquaculture systems being associated to extensive liver damage caused by oxidative stress in both marine and freshwater fish. Dietary supplementation with natural antioxidants is considered a rational strategy to prevent hepatic diseases involved with oxidative stress. Bio-residues resulting from the wine industry, such as grape pomace, are potential sources of bioactive phenolic compounds that can be applied as supplement for animal production.

Serum and hepatic oxidative damage induced by a diet contaminated with fungal mycotoxin in freshwater silver catfish Rhamdia quelen: Involvement on disease pathogenesis.

It has been recognized that oxidative stress is implicated in the initiation and progression of diseases due to the excessive formation of free radicals and impairment of the antioxidant defense system, contributing to the mortality of affected animals. The occurrence of a disequilibrium between the antioxidant/oxidant status in serum and liver of freshwater fish fed with aflatoxin B (AFB) remains poorly understood and limited to only a few oxidant variables. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether an AFB-contaminated diet causes disturbance on the antioxidant and oxidant status in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) of freshwater.

Purinergic signalling displays a pro-inflammatory profile in spleen and splenic lymphocytes of Rhamdia quelen fed with a diet contaminated by fungal mycotoxin: Involvement on disease pathogenesis.

The spleen is an important secondary lymphatic organ that plays a key role in the immune and inflammatory responses of teleost fish. The purinergic signalling has been associated to these types of responses under pathological conditions by the regulation of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its metabolite adenosine (Ado), where both exert potent pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profiles, respectively. The exact pathway involved on the immunotoxic effects of aflatoxin B (AFB) in fish fed with diets containing this mycotoxin remains poorly understood.

Oxidative stress mediated the inhibition of cerebral creatine kinase activity in silver catfish fed with aflatoxin B-contaminated diet.

Aflatoxin B (AFB) is an environmental toxicant and neurotoxic compound that induces the production of free radicals, causing oxidative stress. Creatine kinase (CK) is a central controller of energy metabolism in tissues with a large and fluctuating energy demand, and it is highly susceptible to inactivation by free radicals and oxidative damage. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether a diet for freshwater silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) containing AFB inhibits cerebral CK activity, as well as the involvement of the oxidative stress on this inhibition.

Aflatoxin B-contaminated diet disrupts the blood-brain barrier and affects fish behavior: Involvement of neurotransmitters in brain synaptosomes.

It is known that the cytotoxic effects of aflatoxin B (AFB) in endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are associated with behavioral dysfunction. However, the effects of a diet contaminated with AFB on the behavior of silver catfish remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether an AFB-contaminated diet (1177 ppb kg feed) impaired silver catfish behavior, as well as whether disruption of the BBB and alteration of neurotransmitters in brain synaptosomes are involved.

Chemical, microbiological, and sensory parameters during the refrigerated storage of silver catfish () exposed in vivo to the essential oil of .

This study evaluated whether the essential oil of (EO) used as a sedative for fish transport would increase the stability of silver catfish during ice storage. Fish were transported (6 h) with water alone (control), 30 or 40 µL/L of EO in water. After transport, fish were slaughtered and stored in ice.

Changes in the cerebral phosphotransfer network impair energetic homeostasis in an aflatoxin B-contaminated diet.

The phosphotransfer network system, through the enzymes creatine kinase (CK), adenylate kinase (AK), and pyruvate kinase (PK), contributes to efficient intracellular energetic communication between cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption and production in tissues with high energetic demand, such as cerebral tissue. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether aflatoxin B (AFB) intoxication in diet negatively affects the cerebral phosphotransfer network related to impairment of cerebral ATP levels in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Brain cytosolic CK activity decreased in animals fed with a diet contaminated with AFB on days 14 and 21 post-feeding, while mitochondrial CK activity increased, when compared to the control group (basal diet).

Aloysia triphylla in the zebrafish food: effects on physiology, behavior, and growth performance.

Dietary supplements are commonly used by animals and humans and play key roles in diverse systems, such as the immune and reproductive systems, and in metabolism. Essential oils (EOs), which are natural substances, have potential for use in food supplementation; however, their effects on organisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we examine the effects of dietary Aloysia triphylla EO supplementation on zebrafish behavior, metabolism, stress response, and growth performance.

Efficacy of dietary curcumin supplementation as bactericidal for silver catfish against Streptococcus agalactiae.

The antibiotics were frequently used for combating bacterial infections in aquaculture, but this treatment causes antibiotic resistance, negative impact on the environment and on health, and accumulation of residual in edible tissues. Several evidences have considered the dietary supplementation with natural products an interesting alternative to antibiotics, as the use of curcumin, a polyphenol with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether fish fed with a diet containing 150 mg curcumin/kg feed is able to enhance the resistance of silver catfish to Streptococcus agalactiae infection.

Aloysia triphylla essential oil as additive in silver catfish diet: Blood response and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection.

The essential oil of Aloysia triphylla (EOAT) is a promising product with potential use in aquaculture systems. This study evaluated hematological/biochemical responses and survival of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) fed a diet containing EOAT and infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. After 21 days of feeding trial, fish were infected with A.

Anesthesia and anesthetic action mechanism of essential oils of Aloysia triphylla and Cymbopogon flexuosus in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen).

Objectives: To document the time for anesthesia induction and recovery using different concentrations of essential oils (EOs) of Cymbopogon flexuosus and Aloysia triphylla in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen), and to determine whether the mechanism of action of either EO involves the benzodiazepine (BDZ) site of the GABA receptor.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: A total of 144 silver catfish, length 7.

Pre-sedation and transport of Rhamdia quelen in water containing essential oil of Lippia alba: metabolic and physiological responses.

The effects of transporting silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) for 6 h in plastic bags containing 0 (control), 30 or 40 µL/L of essential oil (EO) from Lippia alba leaves were investigated. Prior to transport, the fish in the two experimental groups were sedated with 200 µL/L of EO for 3 min. After transport, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, alkalinity, water hardness, pH, temperature and un-ionized ammonia levels in the transport water did not differ significantly among the groups.

Lippia alba essential oil promotes survival of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) infected with Aeromonas sp.

In vitro and in vivo activity of the Lippia alba essential oil (EO) against Aeromonas sp. was evaluated. In the in vitro assay the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of EO for Aeromonas cells were determined using the microdilution method.

Using the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla (L'Her.) Britton to sedate silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) during transport improved the chemical and sensory qualities of the fish during storage in ice.

Unlabelled: Exposure of silver catfish to 40 μL/L of the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla (AT) during in vivo transport delayed the onset and resolution of rigor mortis as well as the degradation of IMP into HxR compared to the control. The fish that were treated with 30 or 40 μL/L of AT received lower sensory demerit scores after 10 d of storage in ice compared to the control, and the fish that were treated with 40 μL/L of AT had a longer sensory shelf life than did the control. These results indicated that using AT as a sedative in the water in which the silver catfish were transported extended their freshness and increased their shelf life during refrigerated storage.

Anesthetic activity of the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla and effectiveness in reducing stress during transport of albino and gray strains of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen.

This study investigated the efficacy of the essential oil (EO) of Aloysia triphylla as an anesthetic for albino and gray strains of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen. Juveniles were exposed to concentrations between 20 and 800 μL L(-1) EO of A. triphylla to evaluate time of induction and recovery from anesthesia.

The use of nitazoxanide against the pathogens Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and Aeromonas hydrophila in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen).

The antiparasitic and antibacterial activities of nitazoxanide (NTZ) against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) and Aeromonas hydrophila, respectively, were evaluated in silver catfish juveniles (Rhamdia quelen). In the first experiment, fish naturally infected by Ich were treated with different concentrations of NTZ. Fish mortality and the number of trophonts/juveniles were evaluated.

Transportation of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, in water with eugenol and the essential oil of Lippia alba.

This study investigated the effectiveness of eugenol and of the essential oil (EO) of Lippia alba when used in the transport of the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). These investigations involved measurements of blood (pH, PvO(2), PvCO(2) and HCO(3) (-)) and water parameters, survival and ionoregulatory balance. Fish (301.