Implementability of opioid deprescribing interventions at transitions of care: A scoping review.

Continuation of opioids at transitions of care increases the risk of long-term opioid use and related harm. To our knowledge, no study has examined the implementability of opioid deprescribing interventions at transitions of care. Our scoping review aimed to identify the type of opioid deprescribing interventions employed at transitions of care and assess the implementability of tested interventions.

Minimising Harm and Managing Pain: Deprescribing Opioids in Older Adults.

Approximately one in three older adults (aged 65 years and over) experience pain, negatively impacting their quality of life. Opioid analgesics are commonly prescribed to manage pain; however, balancing the benefits and harms of these high-risk analgesics can be challenging for both healthcare professionals and patients. This is particularly true for older adults, as factors such as polypharmacy, age-related physiological changes and cognitive decline may impact upon opioid safety and efficacy.

Evaluation of Mental Health First Aid Training and Simulated Psychosis Care Role-Plays for Pharmacy Education.

Objective: This study explored the impact of Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training and simulated psychosis care role-plays on pharmacy students' stigma, confidence, and behaviors when supporting people experiencing mental health symptoms or crises.

Methods: MHFA training was delivered to final year pharmacy students. Post-MHFA training, students were invited to participate in simulated psychosis care role-plays (co-designed and content validated with mental health stakeholders) with trained actors.

Pharmacists' clinical decision making when responding to a self-medication request for a cough in a developing country.

Background: Some studies have reported that community pharmacies in developing countries, including Indonesia, provided sub-optimal advice when handling patient's self-medication request for cough. The reasons behind such advice, therefore, need to be investigated.

Objectives: To describe Indonesian pharmacists' clinical decision making when handling self-medication cases for a cough.

Development of an adaptation framework to implement a new professional pharmacy service (PPS) to a new environment.

The effective provision of professional pharmacy services is critical to support the delivery of primary health care. Structured frameworks and theoretical strategies are required to facilitate successful service implementation processes, outcomes and sustainability. This commentary discusses the considerations of what framework (adoption versus adaptation) would be suitable when implementing a new professional pharmacy service to a new environment.

The Carer Assessment of MedicaTion Management GuidanCe for People With Dementia at Hospital Discharge (CATCH) Tool: Exploratory Factor Analysis.

Purpose: The Carer Assessment of medicaTion management guidanCe for people with dementia at Hospital discharge (CATCH) tool was developed to examine the carer's experiences of medication management guidance delivery at discharge. This study explored its factor structure, characterized carers' experiences at discharge, and identified predictors of carer preparedness to manage medications at discharge.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of carers across Australia was distributed.

The Anti-Nociceptive Effects of Nicotine in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Pain can have a serious impact on a patient's physical, mental, and social health, often causing their quality of life to decline. Various nicotine dosage forms, such as nicotine patches and nasal spray, have been developed and used as analgesics in clinical settings. However, there is controversy over the anti-nociceptive effects of nicotine among different clinical trials.

Context matters: using an Evidence to Decision (EtD) framework to develop and encourage uptake of opioid deprescribing guideline recommendations at the point-of-care.

Objectives: To describe the development and use of an Evidence to Decision (EtD) framework when formulating recommendations for the Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline for Deprescribing Opioid Analgesics.

Study Design And Setting: Evidence was derived from an overview of systematic reviews and qualitative studies conducted with healthcare professionals and people who take opioids for pain. A multidisciplinary guideline development group conducted extensive EtD framework review and iterative refinement to ensure that guideline recommendations captured contextual factors relevant to the guideline target setting and audience.

The role of community pharmacy in wound care: a scoping review.

Objective: To scope the literature describing the role of pharmacy in wound care in the community setting.

Method: A systematic scoping review was conducted including peer-reviewed and grey literature. A search was undertaken using CINAHL, Embase, Informit, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts and MEDLINE, and a Google search of the top 200 results via three virtual private networks were used to identify relevant grey literature.

A realist synthesis of interprofessional patient safety activities and healthcare student attitudes towards patient safety.

Interprofessional education (IPE) has been used for instilling a positive safety culture within healthcare, yet what interventions work to change healthcare student attitudes and how improved patient safety outcomes are best achieved with this intervention, is unclear and challenging to evaluate. A realist synthesis was undertaken to ascertain how, why, and in what circumstances IPE activities result in a positive change to student attitudes to patient safety. Database searches of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Eric were undertaken in April 2022 to identify relevant studies.

Ensuring the quality of clinical supervision: Stakeholder perceptions of pharmacy preceptor competence.

Introduction: Experiential education helps to integrate knowledge into practice, develops professionalism and understanding of a pharmacist's role in practice, and is a major component of pharmacy education. The role of the preceptor in experiential education is to model professional behaviours and provide feedback on student preceptee performance and competence. Little is known about how preceptors feel about their competency being assessed or the most appropriate way to assess competency.

Survey content validation evaluating the dissemination and implementation of deprescribing guidelines.

Background: Policies, protocols and processes within organisations can facilitate or hinder guideline adoption. There is limited knowledge on the strategies used by organisations to disseminate and implement evidence-based deprescribing guidelines or their impact.

Methods: We aimed to develop an online survey targeting key organisations involved in deprescribing guideline endorsement, dissemination, modification or translation internationally.

Clinical practice guideline for deprescribing opioid analgesics: summary of recommendations.

Introduction: Long term opioids are commonly prescribed to manage pain. Dose reduction or discontinuation (deprescribing) can be challenging, even when the potential harms of continuation outweigh the perceived benefits. The Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for deprescribing opioid analgesics was developed using robust guideline development processes and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology, and contains deprescribing recommendations for adults prescribed opioids for pain.

Patient-targeted interventions for opioid deprescribing: An overview of systematic reviews.

Background: Deprescribing (reduction or cessation) of prescribed opioids can be challenging for both patients and healthcare professionals.

Objective: To synthesize and evaluate evidence from systematic reviews examining the effectiveness and outcomes of patient-targeted opioid deprescribing interventions for all types of pain.

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in five databases with results screened against predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria.

The role of perceived service quality and price competitiveness on consumer patronage of and intentions towards community pharmacies.

Background: When consumers choose a service provider, they trade-off their perceptions of service quality with their perceptions of the cost of engaging with the service provider. For community pharmacy owners and managers, it is important to understand the relative impact on loyalty of providing the extra resources to improve service quality versus forsaking gross profit by discounting prices. The aim of this study was to explore the relative effects of consumers' perceptions of service quality (pSQ) and price competitiveness (pPC) on patronage loyalty (patronage history of the rated pharmacy), patronage disloyalty (patronage history at other pharmacies) and loyalty intentions.

Co-design and evaluation of a multidisciplinary teaching resource on mental health recovery involving people with lived experience.

Background: Students from a range of health disciplines need to learn from people with lived experience of mental distress and recovery to develop recovery capabilities for mental health practice.

Aims: The aims of this study are to describe the co-design of a teaching resource, to explore the experience of people with lived experience during the resource development, and to evaluate the outcome of the resource on student recovery capabilities.

Method: Using a sequential mixed method, a project group consisting of six people with lived experience and 10 academics from five health disciplines was convened to co-develop teaching resources.

Accuracy of best possible medication histories by pharmacy students: an observational study.

Background: Medication reconciliation is an effective strategy to prevent medication errors upon hospital admission and requires obtaining a patient's best possible mediation history (BPMH). However, obtaining a BPMH is time-consuming and pharmacy students may assist pharmacists in this task.

Aim: To evaluate the proportion of patients who have an accurate BPMH from the pharmacy student-obtained BPMH compared to the pharmacist-obtained BPMH.

Educating and engaging a new target audience about the problem of pain for society.

Pain education initiatives are typically targeted at health professionals, with less attention being placed on the education of other target audiences. Recent curriculum changes across undergraduate liberal studies degree programs at The University of Sydney presented an opportunity to develop an online course entitled Health Challenges: Pain and Society, which was aimed at a non-traditional target audience. To promote student engagement about the problem of pain for society, the course was designed using the Community of Inquiry framework.

Evaluation of a self-cleaning portable dust collector for reducing worker exposures to silica at hydraulic-fracturing sites.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) researchers continue to study worker exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) and develop interventions to reduce these exposures. Occupational overexposures to RCS continue to cause illness and deaths in many industries and RCS has been identified as a serious exposure risk associated with hydraulic- fracturing operations during oil and gas extraction. In 2016 the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) reduced the permissible exposure limit (PEL) to 0.

Healthcare data integration using machine learning: A case study evaluation with health information-seeking behavior databases.

Background: The amount of data in health care is rapidly rising, leading to multiple datasets generated for any given individual. Data integration involves mapping variables in different datasets together to form a combined dataset which can then be used to conduct different types of analyses. However, with increasing numbers of variables, manual mapping of a dataset can become inefficient.

Situated learning in community environments (SLICE): Systems design of an immersive and integrated curriculum for community-based learning.

Purpose: We sought to design a micro-curriculum to structure supervised clinical placements for junior medical students within a variety of community-based settings of differing clinical disciplines. Given the gaps in the literature, this paper reflects on the opportunities and challenges of our design, implementation, and evaluation strategies in constructing an integrated task-based micro-curriculum for interprofessional community-based learning in year 2 of a four-year graduate entry program.

Methods: The design was informed by a systems thinking framework and guided by contemporary curricular theories on self-directed and interprofessional learning.

Pharmacists' continuing professional development for non-communicable diseases management: A consensus study.

Background: Pharmaceutical care for non-communicable diseases (NCD) in Indonesia needs improvement especially in provinces like Kalimantan Selatan (Kalsel) with increasing NCD prevalence. This research explored possible improvements for Kalsel pharmacists NCD Continuing Professional Development (CPD) programmes.

Objectives: The study aims to identify Kalsel pharmacists' engagement with, experiences of, and expectations for NCD-focused CPD activities, and CPD stakeholders' views on these expectations.

Assessing the comparative effectiveness of implementation strategies for professional services to community pharmacy: A systematic review.

Background: Despite the growth of research in how professional services are implemented in the community pharmacy setting, there is limited evidence for which implementation strategy is more effective.

Objective: The aim of this review was to assess the evidence for the comparative effectiveness of implementation strategies for pharmacist delivered professional services in the community pharmacy.

Methods: Studies comparing implementation strategies published in the last 13 years in English were extracted via four databases, combining the topics of 'pharmacy', 'pharmacy services' and 'implementation'.