Assessment of the effectiveness of hospital external disaster functional drills on health care receivers' performance, using standardized patients and mass cards simulation: a pilot study from Saudi Arabia.

Background: Given the increasing frequency of disasters globally, it is critical that healthcare systems are prepared for these mass casualty events. The Saudi health system's preparedness for mass casualty incidents needs to be more robust, potentially due to limited disaster drills and inadequate standardized patient (SP) simulation training. This study aims to (i) assess the performance of front-line hospital staff in Saudi Arabia through a functional drill and (ii) evaluate the drill's effectiveness using SP and MAC-SIM cards, providing detailed insights into its design and execution.

Evaluation of prehospital preparedness for major incidents on a national level, with focus on mass casualty incidents.

Purpose: To investigate prehospital preparedness work for Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI) and Major Incidents (MI) in Norway.

Method: A national cross-sectional descriptive study of Norway's prehospital MI preparedness through a web-based survey. A representative selection of Rescue and Emergency Services were included, excluding Non-Governmental Organisations and military.

The implication of a translational triage tool in mass casualty incidents: part three: a multinational study, using validated patient cards.

Background: Mass casualty incidents (MCI) pose significant challenges to existing resources, entailing multiagency collaboration. Triage is a critical component in the management of MCIs, but the lack of a universally accepted triage system can hinder collaboration and lead to preventable loss of life. This multinational study uses validated patient cards (cases) based on real MCIs to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a novel Translational Triage Tool (TTT) in primary triage assessment of mass casualty victims.

Advancing the scientific study of prehospital mass casualty response through a Translational Science process: the T1 scoping literature review stage.

Purpose: The European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation funding program awarded the NIGHTINGALE grant to develop a toolkit to support first responders engaged in prehospital (PH) mass casualty incident (MCI) response. To reach the projects' objectives, the NIGHTINGALE consortium used a Translational Science (TS) process. The present work is the first TS stage (T1) aimed to extract data relevant for the subsequent modified Delphi study (T2) statements.

Education, training and technological innovation, key components of the ESTES-NIGHTINGALE project cooperation for Mass Casualty Incident preparedness in Europe.

Disasters induced by extreme weather events and terrorism-related activities, causing mass casualty incidents (MCIs) in Europe, are expected to increase in the upcoming years. This challenging scenario demands a high level of readiness and coordinated multi-disciplinary response to reduce morbidity and mortality. The European Society of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES) is one of the 23 partners of the European-funded project Novel Integrated Toolkit for Enhanced Pre-Hospital Life Support and Triage in Challenging and Large Emergencies (NIGHTINGALE), whose primary objective is to promote the exchange in experiences and define the best practices among first responders.

Hospital preparedness for major incidents in Sweden: a national survey with focus on mass casualty incidents.

Introduction: Mass-casualty incidents, MCI, pose a constant threat on societies all over the world. It is essential that hospital organizations systematically prepare for such situations. A method for repeated follow-up and evaluation of hospital disaster planning is much needed.

Prehospital Preparedness for Major Incidents in Sweden: A National Survey with Focus on Mass-Casualty Incidents.

Introduction: Major incidents (MIs) put great demands on the medical response to effectively organize and redistribute resources and personnel, in prehospital care as well as hospital care, and coordinating functions. Studies indicate that regular training and well-established contingency plans are vital for the medical response to MIs. Previous assessments have concluded that Swedish disaster preparedness requires improved organization and coordination.

A method for detailed determination of hospital surge capacity: a prerequisite for optimal preparedness for mass-casualty incidents.

Background: Defined goals for hospitals' ability to handle mass-casualty incidents (MCI) are a prerequisite for optimal planning as well as training, and also as base for quality assurance and improvement. This requires methods to test individual hospitals in sufficient detail to numerically determine surge capacity for different components of the hospitals. Few such methods have so far been available.

Hospital preparedness for mass gathering events and mass casualty incidents in Matera, Italy, European Capital of Culture 2019.

Introduction: Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI) may occur during Mass Gathering Events (MGE). A failure to prepare and train the health care system for potential MCI, can cause chaos and delays in the response, leading to an increased morbidity and mortality. Education and training of staff are crucial for preparedness.

Evaluation of Interaction Between Emergency Medical System and Hospital Network During a Train Derailment in Milano.

On January 25, 2018 a 5-car train derailed in Pioltello, 10 kilometers North-East of Milano City. A standardized post-hoc form was distributed to the hospitals involved in the management of the victims and allowed for an evaluation of the response to the incident.The management of the incident by EMS (Emergency Medical System) was effective in terms of organization of the scene and distribution of the patients, although the time for the first severe patient to reach the closest appropriate hospital was very long (2 hours).

Evaluating tourniquet use in Swedish prehospital care for civilian extremity trauma.

Purpose: The use of tourniquet (TQ) is today a well-documented and lifesaving adjunct to control bleeding from extremity trauma in the military setting. Since August 2015, the ambulance services in Stockholm, Sweden are equipped with TQs. The implementation and potential complications related to TQ use have so far not been evaluated.

Trauma patients eligible for resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Non-compressible torso hemorrhage is a major but potentially preventable cause of trauma-related mortality. REBOA has rapidly emerged as an adjunct for hemorrhage control. However, little is known about the proportion of trauma patients in which REBOA may be indicated.

Preoperative hypofibrinogenemia is associated with increased intraoperative bleeding in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Introduction: Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) is associated with coagulopathy and intraabdominal hemorrhage. Fibrinogen acts as a key coagulation factor and has previously been suggested as a biomarker for increased perioperative bleeding in other surgical areas. The aim of the present study was to investigate fibrinogen and standard laboratory parameters and their association to preoperative hemodynamic status, intraoperative bleeding (IOB), and outcome in treatment of rAAA.

Short- and midterm results of the fascia suture technique for closure of femoral artery access sites after endovascular aneurysm repair.

Purpose: To evaluate the midterm outcomes and potential risk factors associated with the fascia suture technique (FST) for closure of femoral artery access sites after percutaneous endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Methods: Between April 2007 and April 2008, 100 consecutive EVAR cases were evaluated retrospectively. A third of the procedures were emergent (16 ruptured aneurysms).

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of chemically modified degradable starch microspheres for topical haemostasis.

Degradable starch microspheres (DSMs) are starch chains cross-linked with epichlorhydrin, forming glycerol-ether links. DSMs have been used for many years for temporary vascular occlusion and drug delivery in treatment of malignancies. They are also approved and used for topical haemostasis by absorbing excess fluid from the blood and concentrating endogenous coagulation factors, thereby facilitating haemostasis.