Introduction: Under the European Union (EU) Tobacco Products Directive (2014/40/EU) (TPD), manufacturers and importers of tobacco products are required to report information to the European Commission (EC) and Member States (MS) on products intended to be placed on the market. We describe the distribution of notifications to the EU Common Entry Gate (EU-CEG) and identify key fields for improvement on reporting cigarettes or roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of secondary data reported in the EU-CEG was conducted for tobacco products notified within EU-CEG between June 2016 and October 2019 for 12 EU MS.
Zinc carbonate and a mixed-phase zinc carbonate were precipitated selectively on hot dip galvanized steel in the presence of CO and water. The zinc carbonate was precipitated as a uniform layer with cubic superficial appearance, while the mixed-phase zinc carbonate was precipitated as nanowires. The distinct structures could be formed separately or as a dual structure with nanowires on the outermost surface.
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