Fluid and Solute Intakes Show Minimal Association With Serum Sodium Levels in a Mixed ICU Population.

Background:  Hyponatremia is common among hospital inpatients. It is generally due to excess free body water resulting from increased water intake and decreased water elimination due to underlying pathology and hormonal influence. However, supporting evidence is lacking for treating mild hyponatremia with fluid restriction.

Proposed management of traumatic blunt gallbladder injuries: A case of a pre-emptive laparoscopic cholecystectomy for suspected gallbladder avulsion after blunt traumatic liver injury.

Trauma is the leading cause of death among people aged 1-45 in the United States with the abdomen being the third most commonly injured anatomic region. The incidence of gallbladder trauma in the setting of abdominal injury ranges between 0.5 and 2.

Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Causing Small Bowel Diverticulosis and Volvulus: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a broad classification of disease characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract in the absence of a stimulatory cause. Given the ability of eosinophilic gastroenteritis to affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, it can present in a variety of ways, from chronic intermittent pain to mechanical obstruction. We present a rare case in which eosinophilic gastroenteritis of the jejunum led to small bowel diverticulosis and volvulus, requiring surgery.

Total knee arthroplasty patients using the in-home X10 machine fully recovered. No additional therapy required.

Following total knee arthroplasties patients using the X10 increased their quadriceps strength 120% at 30 days post-surgery compared to their pre-surgical baseline. This contrasts sharply with contrast studies outpatient physical therapy that show patients suffer a 50-60% quadriceps strength deficit at 30 days post-surgery. For X10 patients, the average range of motion at 30 days was 124° and at discharge it was 128° (mean 43 days) The trial involved a single surgeon and two groups.

Urine drug screen positive for cocaine and amphetamine is not an adverse risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity or mortality in trauma.

Background: Urine drug screening (UDS) is a component of trauma workup and of perioperative risk evaluation. Illicit stimulant use has been associated with cardiovascular complications. This study investigates the impact of stimulant use and its interaction with surgery on cardiovascular complications in trauma patients.

Do we need neuroimaging in every case of near-hanging?: experience from a level 1 trauma center and analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank.

Purpose: Our study analyzes imaging results in near-hanging to determine what neuroimaging workup is necessary. We evaluate GCS as a clinical predictor to help guide imaging choice.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients from a level one trauma center and from the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB).

Area Deprivation Index Score is Associated with Lower Rates of Long Term Follow-up after Upper Extremity Vascular Injuries.

The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) has been shown to be a determinant of healthcare outcomes in both medical and surgical fields, and is a measure of the socioeconomic status of patients. We sought to analyze outcomes in patients with upper extremity vascular injuries that were admitted over a five-year period to a Level I trauma center sorted by ADI. All patients with upper extremity vascular injury presenting to a level one trauma center between January 2013 and January 2017 were retrospectively collected.

The Effect of Illegal Drug Screening Results and Chronic Drug Use on Perioperative Complications in Trauma.

Context: Illegal drug use and need for surgery are common in trauma. This allows examination of the effects of perioperative drug use.

Aim: The aim was to study the effects of illegal drug use on perioperative complications in trauma.

Analysis of Predictors of Myocardial Infarction in Trauma With Development of a Trauma Cardiac Risk Index.

Study Objective: Trauma has historically been considered a disorder of the young and healthy, with a low risk of cardiac ischemia; hence most research on myocardial infarction in trauma has focused on direct cardiac damage from blunt chest trauma. However, the age and comorbidity of trauma patients are increasing, making the trauma population more vulnerable to myocardial infarction (MI). Cardiac risk assessment has emphasized morbidity and mortality in an elective surgical setting, but it is also important in acute trauma.

Alcohol is a predictor of mortality in motor vehicle collisions.

Introduction: It is well recognized that driving while intoxicated increases the probability of a motor-vehicle collision (MVC). The effect of alcohol on the chance of surviving the MVC is less clear.

Method: Using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) we conducted analyses for the outcome of mortality using alcohol and other variables as predictors.

A comparison between the TEG 6s and TEG 5000 analyzers to assess coagulation in trauma patients.

Background: Trauma-induced coagulopathy is a major driver of mortality following severe injury. Viscoelastic goal-directed resuscitation can reduce mortality after injury. The TEG 5000 system is widely used for viscoelastic testing.

Labral Ossification and Sacroiliac Joint Disease: Could There Be a Link to an Autoimmune Etiology?

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of ipsilateral sacroiliac (SI) joint disease among patients with symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) associated with labral ossification (LO) who underwent hip arthroscopy compared with a matched control group of patients with symptomatic FAI and no LO.

Methods: Computed tomography (CT) scans of all patients undergoing arthroscopic correction of FAI were obtained. The inclusion criterion for the study group was a diagnosis of FAI with a secondary diagnosis of LO made by plain radiography, CT, or magnetic resonance imaging or made intraoperatively.

Nonoperative Management of Blunt Splenic Trauma: Outcomes of Gelfoam Embolization of the Splenic Artery.

Context: Nonoperative management (NOM) is the standard of care in hemodynamically stable trauma patients with blunt splenic injury. Gelfoam splenic artery embolization (SAE) is a treatment option used in trauma patients.

Aims: The primary aim of this study was to retrospectively examine the use and outcomes of Gelfoam SAE in adult patients with blunt splenic injury.

Outcomes of renal salvage for penetrating renal trauma: a single institution experience.

Introduction: Conservative management of penetrating renal trauma is emerging, with data originating from centers with variable level of trauma care. This study reviews the outcomes of renal salvage after penetrating trauma at a level I trauma center.

Materials And Methods: An institutional review board approved trauma registry at Saint Louis University Hospital was retrospectively analyzed, for patients with penetrating renal trauma from 2009 to 2014.

A noninvasive mechanical treatment to reduce the visible appearance of cellulite.

Cellulite is a cosmetic condition of subcutaneous fat herniation through fibrous connective tissue that results in a dimpled appearance of the skin. Occurring in approximately 85% to 90% of all women worldwide, cellulite has been well studied. The result has been the development of a plethora of treatment protocols yielding little to no success.

Surgical Outcome of Pincer Femoroacetabular Impingement With and Without Labral Ossification.

Purpose: To describe the clinical findings associated with labral ossification (LO), report the outcomes of arthroscopic treatment, and compare this condition to a control group with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).

Methods: A retrospective review of hip arthroscopy patients from 2004 to 2013 was performed to identify patients with a diagnosis of pincer FAI with LO and at least 2 years of follow-up. Diagnosis was made by plain radiograph, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or intraoperatively.

Hip preservation surgery: surgical care for femoroacetabular impingement and the possibility of preventing hip osteoarthritis.

Despite its widespread usage, the hip preservation surgery can be most accurately described as a hypothesis that surgery can preserve a hip and prevent the need for arthroplasty. This premise has not been fully investigated to date, and there exist few summaries of the underlying evidence in regard to the basis of this terminology. This study seeks to define the hip preservation surgery, and then examines this premise critically in the context of treatment for its most commonly treated condition-femoroacetabular impingement.

Consanguineous mating, specialization, and the environment: how multiple variable interactions affect the evolution of dioecy.

Premise: The evolution of dioecy in plants is usually modeled as a consequence of self-fertilization. While increased seed and pollen production and dispersal patterns of specialized unisexuals have been examined, mating among relatives and interaction effects have been largely ignored. Here, we examine multiple variables simultaneously providing a more ecologically realistic set of conditions favoring the evolution of dioecy.

Hip arthroscopy for Legg-Calvè-Perthes disease: minimum 2-year follow-up.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report the results of arthroscopy for the treatment of adolescents and adults with hip pain cause by sequelae of Legg-Calvè-Perthes disease.

Methods: All patients undergoing hip arthroscopy were prospectively assessed with the modified Harris Hip Score at 3, 6, 12, 24, 60, 120, and 180 months. We identified a cohort of 22 consecutive patients (23 hips) with Legg-Calvè-Perthes disease who had undergone arthroscopy with at least 2-year follow-up; this cohort represents the substance of this report.

Nonoperative treatment of distal biceps tendon ruptures compared with a historical control group.

Background: Few data are available regarding the results of nonoperative treatment of distal biceps ruptures. The present study was designed to assess the outcomes associated with unrepaired distal biceps tendon ruptures.

Methods: Eighteen patients with twenty unrepaired distal biceps tendon ruptures were assessed retrospectively.

Symbiotic regulation of plant growth, development and reproduction.

The growth and development of rice (Oryzae sativa) seedlings was shown to be regulated epigenetically by a fungal endophyte. In contrast to un-inoculated (nonsymbiotic) plants, endophyte colonized (symbiotic) plants preferentially allocated resources into root growth until root hairs were well established. During that time symbiotic roots expanded at five times the rate observed in nonsymbiotic plants.

Life span extension and neuronal cell protection by Drosophila nicotinamidase.

The life span of model organisms can be modulated by environmental conditions that influence cellular metabolism, oxidation, or DNA integrity. The yeast nicotinamidase gene pnc1 was identified as a key transcriptional target and mediator of calorie restriction and stress-induced life span extension. PNC1 is thought to exert its effect on yeast life span by modulating cellular nicotinamide and NAD levels, resulting in increased activity of Sir2 family class III histone deacetylases.

Proximal row carpectomy with capitate resection and capsular interposition for treatment of scapholunate advanced collapse.

Proximal row carpectomy with capitate head resection and dorsal capsular interposition was performed in 8 patients with stage II and III scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC). Mean patient age was 58.5 years (range, 50-79 years).

Genotype, soil type, and locale effects on reciprocal transplant vigor, endophyte growth, and microbial functional diversity of a narrow sagebrush hybrid zone in Salt Creek Canyon, Utah.

When addressing the nature of ecological adaptation and environmental factors limiting population ranges and contributing to speciation, it is important to consider not only the plant's genotype and its response to the environment, but also any close interactions that it has with other organisms, specifically, symbiotic microorganisms. To investigate this, soils and seedlings were reciprocally transplanted into common gardens of the big sagebrush hybrid zone in Salt Creek Canyon, Utah, to determine location and edaphic effects on the fitness of parental and hybrid plants. Endophytic symbionts and functional microbial diversity of indigenous and transplanted soils and sagebrush plants were also examined.