Retreatment after percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the computed tomographic era: long-term follow-up.

Objective: To examine the long-term retreatment rates and explore prognostic factors after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the computed tomographic era.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent PCNL with a standardized technique attempting complete fragment detection and clearance by a single surgeon between September 2000 and June 2004 were identified. Through medical record, review details of procedures and outcomes were collected.

Confident intraoperative decision making during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: does this patient need a second look?

Objectives: To evaluate intraoperative decision making regarding the necessity of second-look nephroscopy after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Methods: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed cooperatively by a urologist and radiologist equipped with a high-resolution C-arm. Ultrasonic lithotripsy was performed followed by thorough flexible nephroscopy and fluoroscopy.

Intraoperative fragment detection during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: evaluation of high magnification rotational fluoroscopy combined with aggressive nephroscopy.

Purpose: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy effectively treats large volume renal calculi but relies on postoperative imaging to judge success. We evaluated the effectiveness of maximizing intraoperative imaging through combined high resolution fluoroscopy and flexible nephroscopy.

Materials And Methods: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed cooperatively with a radiologist in an interventional radiology suite equipped with a ceiling mounted, high resolution C-arm.