The proximal femur fracture epidemic continued during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of an observational study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the volume and characteristics of emergency trauma surgery procedures done at our hospital between March 20 and April 20, 2020 (the first month of the national lockdown in France) and to compare these data to the same period in 2019. We hypothesized that a portion of fractures are unavoidable, thus specific preventative measures will be needed to reduce their incidence.

Methods: This was a continuous, observational and single center study.

Patellar height is not modified after isolated open-wedge high tibial osteotomy without change in posterior tibial slope.

Introduction: Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) corrects coronal deformity and can impact sagittal parameters such as posterior tibial slope and patellar height. The aim of the present study was to analyze change in patellar height after medial OWHTO with respect to tibial and femoral-referenced indices.

Material And Method: This single-center retrospective study included 129 patients undergoing isolated posteromedial OWHTO, without change in tibial slope, using patient-specific cutting-guides.

Characterization and Programming Algorithm of Phase Change Memory Cells for Analog In-Memory Computing.

In this paper, a thorough characterization of phase-change memory (PCM) cells was carried out, aimed at evaluating and optimizing their performance as enabling devices for analog in-memory computing (AIMC) applications. Exploiting the features of programming pulses, we discuss strategies to reduce undesired phenomena that afflict PCM cells and are particularly harmful in analog computations, such as low-frequency noise, time drift, and cell-to-cell variability of the conductance. The test vehicle is an embedded PCM (ePCM) provided by STMicroelectronics and designed in 90-nm smart power BCD technology with a Ge-rich Ge-Sb-Te (GST) alloy for automotive applications.

How I do it: the combined petrosectomy.

Background: Petroclival and ventral brain stem tumors require a complex approach.

Method: The combined petrosectomy is an epidural transtentorial-transpetrosal otoneurosurgical approach to achieve a retrolabyrinthine presigmoidal approach and an anterior petrosectomy in one single procedure. The different steps of this approach are described and illustrated by figures and a video.

Application of 6-nitrocoumarin as a substrate for the fluorescent detection of nitroreductase activity in Sporothrix schenckii.

Introduction: Sporothrix schenckii is a thermal dimorphic pathogenic fungus causing a subcutaneous mycosis, sporotrichosis. Nitrocoumarin represents a fluorogenic substrate class where the microbial nitroreductase activity produces several derivatives, already used in several other enzyme assays. The objective of this study was the analysis of 6-nitrocoumarin (6-NC) as a substrate to study the nitroreductase activity in Sporothrix schenckii.

Standardization and characterization of antigens for the diagnosis of aspergillosis.

The aim of this study was to develop and characterize antigens for the diagnosis of aspergillosis. Nine strains of Aspergillus species Aspergillus fumigatus , Aspergillus flavus , and Aspergillus niger were grown in Sabouraud and Smith broth to produce exoantigens. The antigens were tested by immunodiffusion against sera from patients with aspergillosis and other systemic mycoses.

A fast and cost-effective methodology for Fonsecaea pedrosoi ATCC46428 staining using ESIPT fluorescent dyes.

The microscopic morphology of Fonsecaea pedrosoi ATCC46428 was observed using two benzazole derivatives, 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole and 2-(5'-amino-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole, which emit intense fluorescence by a proton transfer mechanism in the electronically excited state (ESIPT). The cell surface could be successfully stained with fluorescent dye solutions of 10 microM-10 mM using two different fast and cost-effective procedures. At these concentrations, any structure or dye crystallization could be observed.

In vitro antifungal activity of 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-aminophenyl)benzoxazole in Candida spp. strains.

The development of azole antifungals has allowed for the treatment of several fungal infections. However, the use of these compounds is restricted because of their hepatotoxicity or because they need to be administered together with other drugs in order to prevent resistance to monotherapy. Benzoxazole derivatives are among the most thriving molecular prototypes for the development of antifungal agents.

Lipolytic activity of chromoblastomycosis agents measured by infrared spectroscopy and chemometric methods.

The lipase activity of nine strains of six chromoblastomycosis agents (Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Cladophialophora bantianum, Cladophialophora carrionii, Rhinocladiela aquaspersa and Exophiala jeanselmei) grown on solid medium was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and hierarchical clustering analysis. The data was quantified by p-nitrophenyl palmitate assay using partial least squares (PLS) regression. These methods allowed the correlation of six genera and species within the 1230-1650 and 2800+3000 cm(-1) spectral ranges among strains grown for 14 days from their respective lipolytic activity with RMSEV=0.

Secretion of five extracellular enzymes by strains of chromoblastomycosis agents.

The gelatinase, urease, lipase, phospholipase and DNase activities of 11 chromoblastomycosis agents constituted by strains of Fonsecaea pedrosoi, F. compacta, Phialophora verrucosa, Cladosporium carrionii, Cladophialophora bantiana and Exophiala jeanselmei were analyzed and compared. All strains presented urease, gelatinase and lipase activity.

Delayed-type hypersensitivity response to crude and fractionated antigens from Fonsecaea pedrosoi CMMI 1 grown in different culture media.

Chromoblastomycosis is a subcutaneous fungal disease caused by dematiaceous fungi, especially by Fonsecaea pedrosoi, regarded as its major causative agent in Brazil. In recent years there has been a decline in the use of skin testing for delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in epidemiological surveys of fungal infections, mainly because of the unpredictability of positive reactions and lack of specificity of the antigens used. The aim of the present study was to assess delayed-type skin tests in guinea pigs experimentally infected with F.

[2-(2-Thienyl)morpholines with CNS activity].

The synthesis and pharmacological investigation of 2-(2-thienyl)morpholine and some of its derivatives substituted on the nitrogen are described. The non-substituted compound showed interesting antidepressive properties with a pharmacological profile similar to that of imipramine.

[Cyclohexylphenoxymorpholines with antidepressive activity].

A report is given of the synthesis and pharmacological investigation of some cyclohexylphenoxymethylmorpholines of general formula: Formula: (see text). The compound in which R = H and bearing the cyclohexyl group at the ortho position showed a pharmacological profile typical of drugs with antidepressant activity and was studied in detail in comparison with viloxazine and imipramine.

[Synthesis and pharmacological study of orciprenaline and salbutamol derivatives].

The effect of replacing the basic aliphatic residue of orciprenaline [(A); R = isopropylamino] and salbutamol [(B); R = tert.butylamino] with: a) a heterocyclic amine; b) a basic residue containing a phenylcyclohexane radical had been studied. The synthesis of the compounds is outlined.

[A new cyclohexylphenyl and cyclohexylphenylamine. Synthesis and pharmacological activity].

Derivatives of some primary amines and their N-benzyl derivatives containing a 4-cyclohexylphenyl or a 4-phenylcyclohexyl group were prepared. Pharmacological study showed clear analgesic activity in the phenylquinone test which was more accentuated for the 4-phenylcyclohexyl derivatives. All the compounds proved devoid of sympathomimetic activity on the cardiovascular system and without anorexic effect.

Cyclohexylphenoxy amidoximes and imidazolines with antidepressive and alpha-adrenergic activity.

The effect of variation of the cycloaliphatic residue position on pharmacological activity was studied in two series of cyclohexylphenoxy derivatives (A and B). (Formula: See text) The ortho derivatives generally exhibit remarkably strong activity; (A) has an imipramine-like pharmacological profile; (B) with Y = H is more active than naphazoline and xylomethazoline as vasoconstrictor. The meta and para substituted derivatives and all (B) derivatives with R = CH3 exhibited no definite or interesting pharmacological activities.

[Preparation and pharmacological activity of N6, 02-dipivaloyl-cyclic AMP].

The synthesis of N6,O2'-dipivaloyl-cyclic AMP is described with some pharmacological tests made in comparison with the dibutyryl homolog. The two compounds proved equally active in increasing glycemia in the rabbit whereas the dipivaloyl derivative is less effective in counteracting contractions induced by imidazole in the isolated guinea-pig trachea.

[Lidoflazine derivatives with cycloaliphatic residues of coronary dilator activity].

The preparation of some derivatives of lidoflazine bearing a phenylcyclohexane residue in place of the m.xylene is described. Study of the coronary dilating activity on the isolated heart showed that this activity is markedly increased by the modification.

Basic ethers of cyclohexylphenols with beta-blocking activity: synthesis and pharmacological study of exaprolol.

The paper describes the preparation and study of the pharmacological properties of a series of derivatives with the general formula. (see article) where R is a cyclohexyl or cyclohexenyl radical and R1 is a hydrogen, methyl or cyclohexyl. The compounds with a single cycloaliphatic radical ortho to the basic chain, and in particular the one with a cyclohexyl (exaprolol), were found to be particularly active in blocking the beta-adrenergic receptors, as antiarrhythmics and local anesthetics, while the introduction of a second radical or the shift of the cycloaliphatic radical to meta or para position caused the said pharmacological activities to disappear almost entirely, with the exception of the local anesthetic action.