ZnO Doped Silica Nanoparticles (ZnO@SiO) for Enhanced Electrochemical Detection of Cd Ions in Real Samples.

Pollution by heavy metal ions has a serious impact on human health and the environment, which is why the monitoring of heavy metal ions is of great practical importance. In this work, we describe the development of an electrochemical sensor for the detection of cadmium (Cd) involving the doping of porous SiO spheres with ZnO nanoparticles. Zinc oxide is chosen as the central dopant in the composite material to increase the conductivity and thus improve the electrochemical detection of Cd ions with the SiO spheres.

Electrochemical Detection of Bisphenol A Based on Gold Nanoparticles/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Applications on Glassy Carbon and Screen Printed Electrodes.

Bisphenol A (BPA) has been classified as an endocrine-disrupting substance that may cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. The development of simple and sensitive electrochemical biosensors is crucial for the rapid and effective quantitative determination of BPA. This work presents a study on electrochemical sensors utilizing gold nanoparticle-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT/AuNPs).

Multimodal treatment for resectable neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix.

Non-metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (NECC) is a rare and aggressive disease. Lacking prospective studies, the optimal multimodal treatment approach has not yet been clearly defined. This study aims to assess the clinical outcomes of patients with non-metastatic NECC treated with surgery and (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy, according to pathologic prognostic factors and multimodal treatments received.

Endometrial stromal tumors of the uterus: Epidemiology, pathological and biological features, treatment options and clinical outcomes.

Endometrial stromal tumors (EST) are uterine mesenchymal tumors, which histologically resemble endometrial stroma of the functioning endometrium. The majority of EST are malignant tumors classified as low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS), high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS), and undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS). Overall, ESTs are rare malignancies, with an annual incidence of approximately 0.

Advanced low grade serous ovarian cancer: A retrospective analysis of surgical and chemotherapeutic management in two high volume oncological centers.

Simple Summary: Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) represents an uncommon histotype of serous ovarian cancer (accounting for approximately 5% of all ovarian cancer) with a distinct behavior compared to its high-grade serous counterpart, characterized by a better prognosis and low response rate to chemotherapeutic agents. Similar to high-grade serous ovarian cancer, cytoreductive surgery is considered crucial for patient survival. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the outcomes of women affected by advanced stages (III-IV FIGO) of LGSOC from two high-volume oncological centers for ovarian neoplasm.

Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: Epidemiology, pathological and biological features, treatment options and clinical outcomes.

Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary is a rare and distinct histotype of epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Women diagnosed with clear cell carcinomas are usually younger and diagnosed at earlier stages than those with the most common high-grade serous histology. Endometriosis is considered a main risk factor for the development of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary, and it can be considered a precursor of of this tumor, as it is identified in more than 50% of patients with clear cell carcinoma.

Nail-Patella syndrome with early onset end-stage renal disease in a child with a novel heterozygous missense mutation in the LMX1B homeodomain: A case report.

Nail-Patella syndrome (NPS) is an inherited disease characterized by nail and skeletal anomalies, nephropathy and glaucoma. The diagnosis of NPS is based on clinical findings, including hypoplastic or absent patella, dystrophic nails, dysplasia of the elbows and iliac horns. However, the main determinant of NPS prognosis is nephropathy, which may range from asymptomatic proteinuria to end-stage renal disease.

The Adaptive and Innate Immune Cell Landscape of Uterine Leiomyosarcomas.

Reactivation of the anti-tumor response has shown substantial progress in aggressive tumors such as melanoma and lung cancer. Data on less common histotypes are scanty. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has been applied to few cases of uterine leiomyosarcomas, of which the immune cell composition was not examined in detail.

Placental site trophoblastic tumor and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: Clinical and pathological features, prognostic variables and treatment strategy.

Placental site trophoblastic tumor [PSTT] and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor [ETT] are the rarest gestational trophoblastic neoplasias, developing from intermediate trophoblast of the implantation site and chorion leave, respectively. PSTT and ETT share some clinical-pathological features, such as slow growth rates, early stage at presentation, relatively low βhCG levels and poor response to chemotherapy. The mortality rate ranges from 6.

Interferon gamma transcript detection on T cells based on magnetic actuation and multiplex double-tagging electrochemical genosensing.

Interferon-γ is a proinflammatory cytokine, and its production is related with effective host defense against intracellular pathogens. Therefore, the level of interferon-γ is considered a good biomarker for intracellular infections. It is also useful for the assessment, treatment progression and follow-up of non-communicable diseases, including cancer and autoimmune disorders, among others.

Melanoma of the lower genital tract: Prognostic factors and treatment modalities.

Primary melanomas originating from the gynecological tract are rare and aggressive cancers. The vulva is the most frequent site (70%), followed by vagina and more rarely by cervix. The clinical outcome of patients with female genital tract melanoma is very poor, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 37-50% for vulvar, 13-32% for vaginal, and approximately 10% for cervical melanoma.

Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone for women with high-risk endometrial cancer (PORTEC-3): final results of an international, open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Although women with endometrial cancer generally have a favourable prognosis, those with high-risk disease features are at increased risk of recurrence. The PORTEC-3 trial was initiated to investigate the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy during and after radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) versus pelvic radiotherapy alone for women with high-risk endometrial cancer.

Methods: PORTEC-3 was an open-label, international, randomised, phase 3 trial involving 103 centres in six clinical trials collaborating in the Gynaecological Cancer Intergroup.

Clinical consequences of upfront pathology review in the randomised PORTEC-3 trial for high-risk endometrial cancer.

Background: In the PORTEC-3 trial, women with high-risk endometrial cancer (HR-EC) were randomised to receive pelvic radiotherapy (RT) with or without concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy (two cycles of cisplatin 50 mg/m2 in weeks 1 and 4 of RT, followed by four cycles of carboplatin AUC5 and paclitaxel 175 mg/m2). Pathology review was required before patient enrolment. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the role of central pathology review before randomisation.

European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) Guidelines for Ovarian Cancer Surgery.

Methods: The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology council nominated an international multidisciplinary development group made of practicing clinicians who have demonstrated leadership and interest in the care of ovarian cancer (20 experts across Europe). To ensure that the statements are evidence based, the current literature identified from a systematic search has been reviewed and critically appraised. In the absence of any clear scientific evidence, judgment was based on the professional experience and consensus of the development group (expert agreement).

Multidisciplinary approach in the management of advanced ovarian cancer patients: A personalized approach. Results from a specialized ovarian cancer unit.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a multidisciplinary approach in patients' selection with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) for different therapeutic strategies.

Methods: Patients referred at our institution between 2009 and 2012 for AOC were included. Primary multidisciplinary evaluation was performed in all patients.

Imaging in gynecological disease (12): clinical and ultrasound features of invasive and non-invasive malignant serous ovarian tumors.

Objectives: To describe clinical and ultrasound features of different subclasses of malignant serous ovarian tumors according to the World Health Organization 2014 classification.

Methods: Patients with a histological diagnosis of borderline tumor (BOT), non-invasive and invasive low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) and high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination, were retrospectively identified from two ultrasound centers. The masses were described using the terms of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Group.

Neuroendrocrine tumors of the uterine cervix: A therapeutic challenge for gynecologic oncologists.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are aggressive diseases developing from neuroendocrine cells that most frequently involve the gastro-entero-pancreatic tract and the lung, but more rarely are found in almost all body tissues. Limited biological and clinical data are currently available for NETs in uncommon sites, such as female genital tract. NETs represent 0.

Yoctomole electrochemical genosensing of Ebola virus cDNA by rolling circle and circle to circle amplification.

This work addresses the design of an Ebola diagnostic test involving a simple, rapid, specific and highly sensitive procedure based on isothermal amplification on magnetic particles with electrochemical readout. Ebola padlock probes were designed to detect a specific L-gene sequence present in the five most common Ebola species. Ebola cDNA was amplified by rolling circle amplification (RCA) on magnetic particles.

European Society of Gynaecologic Oncology Quality Indicators for Advanced Ovarian Cancer Surgery.

Objectives: The surgical management of advanced ovarian cancer involves complex surgery. Implementation of a quality management program has a major impact on survival. The goal of this work was to develop a list of quality indicators (QIs) for advanced ovarian cancer surgery that can be used to audit and improve the clinical practice.

CD4 quantification based on magneto ELISA for AIDS diagnosis in low resource settings.

The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) affects the life of millions of people around the world. Although rapid and low cost screening tests are widely available for the diagnosis of HIV infection, the count of CD4+ T lymphocytes remains a drawback in the areas mostly affected by the HIV, being this control imperative for assessing the deterioration of the immunological system and the progression towards AIDS, when the counting of cells falls down 200cellsμL(-1). This paper describes a high-throughput, simple and rapid method for CD4+ T lymphocytes quantification, directly in whole blood, based on a magneto ELISA.

Electrochemical magneto-actuated biosensor for CD4 count in AIDS diagnosis and monitoring.

The counting of CD4(+) T lymphocytes is a clinical parameter used for AIDS diagnosis and follow-up. As this disease is particularly prevalent in developing countries, simple and affordable CD4 cell counting methods are urgently needed in resource-limited settings. This paper describes an electrochemical magneto-actuated biosensor for CD4 count in whole blood.

Biomarker detection of global infectious diseases based on magnetic particles.

Infectious diseases affect the daily lives of millions of people all around the world, and are responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths, mostly in the developing world. Although most of these major infectious diseases are treatable, the early identification of individuals requiring treatment remains a major issue. The incidence of these diseases would be reduced if rapid diagnostic tests were widely available at the community and primary care level in low-resource settings.

Comparison of Onclarity Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Assay with Hybrid Capture II HPV DNA Assay for Detection of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 and 3 Lesions.

Analytical and clinical performance validation is essential before introduction of a new human papillomavirus (HPV) assay into clinical practice. This study compares the new BD Onclarity HPV assay, which detects E6/E7 DNA from 14 high-risk HPV types, to the Hybrid Capture II (HC2) HPV DNA test, to concurrent cytology and histology results, in order to evaluate its performance in detecting high-grade cervical lesions. A population of 567 women, including 325 with ≥ASCUS (where ASCUS stands for atypical cells of undetermined significance) and any HC2 result and 242 with both negative cytology and negative HC2 results, were prospectively enrolled for the study.

Treatment options for pregnant women with ovarian tumors.

Diagnosis of ovarian mass during pregnancy is a rare event. Treatment of ovarian malignancies during pregnancy depends on histology, grade, stage, and gestational weeks. When possible, surgical excision is indicated, and sometimes, fertility-sparing surgery is recommended.