Antimicrob Agents Chemother
June 2023
Cefiderocol is a siderophore cephalosporin designed mainly for treatment of infections caused by β-lactam and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Burkholderia pseudomallei clinical isolates are usually highly cefiderocol susceptible, with resistance found in a few isolates. Resistance in clinical B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurkholderia thailandensis, an opportunistic pathogen found in the environment, is a bacterium closely related to B. pseudomallei, the cause of melioidosis. Human B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurkholderia pseudomallei is a soil- and water-dwelling Gram-negative bacterium that causes melioidosis in humans and animals. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC) susceptibility has been hailed as an integral part of the screening algorithm for identification of B. pseudomallei, but the molecular basis for the inherent AMC susceptibility of this bacterium remains undefined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMelioidosis is an underreported human disease of tropical and sub-tropical regions caused by the saprophyte Burkholderia pseudomallei. Although most global melioidosis cases are reported from tropical regions in Southeast Asia and northern Australia, there are multiple occurrences from sub-tropical regions, including the United States (U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Leptospirosis, caused by Leptospira bacteria, is a common zoonosis worldwide, especially in the tropics. Reservoir species and risk factors have been identified but surveys for environmental sources are rare. Furthermore, understanding of environmental Leptospira containing virulence associated genes and possibly capable of causing disease is incomplete, which may convolute leptospirosis diagnosis, prevention, and epidemiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMelioidosis, an infection caused by , has a very high risk of mortality when treated, with an even higher risk of fatality if undiagnosed or not treated appropriately. It is endemic to Asia, Australia, South America, and the Caribbean; however, the number of melioidosis cases reported in the United States has been increasing. Therefore, physicians should be aware of this clinical entity and its possible presentations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Environ Microbiol
January 2022
Distinct strains were isolated from soil samples collected in tropical northern Australia (Northern Territory and the Torres Strait Islands, Queensland). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and whole genome sequences revealed these strains were distinct from previously described species and assigned them to two novel clades within the B. pseudomallei complex (Bpc).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) and Burkholderia pseudomallei complex (Bpc) species include pathogens that are typically multidrug resistant. Dominant intrinsic and acquired multidrug resistance mechanisms are efflux mediated by pumps of the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) family. From comparative bioinformatic and, in many instances, functional studies, we infer that RND pump-based resistance mechanisms are conserved in .
View Article and Find Full Text PDF, a nonpathogenic soil bacterium belonging to the complex (Bcc), is highly resistant to some clinically significant antibiotics. The concern is that may serve as a resistance reservoir for Bcc or complex (Bpc) organisms that are opportunistic human pathogens. Using a strain highly resistant to tetracycline (MIC, ≥256 µg/ml), we identified and characterized (64) that encodes a novel tetracycline-specific efflux pump of the major facilitator superfamily.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei in the Caribbean is poorly understood. We isolated B. pseudomallei from US Virgin Islands soil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF, the founding member of the complex (Bpc), is a biothreat agent and causes melioidosis, a disease whose treatment mainly relies on ceftazidime and meropenem. The concern is that could enhance its drug resistance repertoire by the acquisition of DNA from resistant near-neighbor species. , a member of the complex (Bcc), is commonly coisolated from environments where is present.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Burkholderia pseudomallei is a soil-dwelling bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis. The global burden and distribution of melioidosis is poorly understood, including in the Caribbean. B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe bacterium Burkholderia ubonensis is commonly co-isolated from environmental specimens harbouring the melioidosis pathogen, Burkholderia pseudomallei. B. ubonensis has been reported in northern Australia and Thailand but not North America, suggesting similar geographic distribution to B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Yersinia pestis appears to be maintained in multiple, geographically separate, and phylogenetically distinct subpopulations within the highlands of Madagascar. However, the dynamics of these locally differentiated subpopulations through time are mostly unknown. To address that gap and further inform our understanding of plague epidemiology, we investigated the phylogeography of Y.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring routine screening for from water wells in northern Australia in areas where it is endemic, Gram-negative bacteria (strains MSMB43, MSMB121, and MSMB122) with a similar morphology and biochemical pattern to and were coisolated with on Ashdown's selective agar. To determine the exact taxonomic position of these strains and to distinguish them from and , they were subjected to a series of phenotypic and molecular analyses. Biochemical and fatty acid methyl ester analysis was unable to distinguish sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Whole-genome sequence (WGS) data are commonly used to design diagnostic targets for the identification of bacterial pathogens. To do this effectively, genomics databases must be comprehensive to identify the strict core genome that is specific to the target pathogen. As additional genomes are analyzed, the core genome size is reduced and there is erosion of the target-specific regions due to commonality with related species, potentially resulting in the identification of false positives and/or false negatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMelioidosis is a disease of humans and animals that is caused by the saprophytic bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Once thought to be confined to certain locations, the known presence of B. pseudomallei is expanding as more regions of endemicity are uncovered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe global distribution of the soil-dwelling bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, causative agent of melioidosis, is poorly understood. We used established culturing methods developed for B. pseudomallei to isolate Burkholderia species from soil collected at 18 sampling sites in three states in the southern United States (Arizona (n = 4), Florida (n = 7), and Louisiana (n = 7)).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of human plague and is endemic in various African, Asian and American countries. In Madagascar, the disease represents a significant public health problem with hundreds of human cases a year. Unfortunately, poor infrastructure makes outbreak investigations challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Coxiella burnetii causes Q fever in humans and Coxiellosis in animals; symptoms range from general malaise to fever, pneumonia, endocarditis and death. Livestock are a significant source of human infection as they shed C. burnetii cells in birth tissues, milk, urine and feces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurkholderia ubonensis is an environmental bacterium belonging to the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), a group of genetically related organisms that are associated with opportunistic but generally nonfatal infections in healthy individuals. In contrast, the near-neighbour species Burkholderia pseudomallei causes melioidosis, a disease that can be fatal in up to 95% of cases if left untreated. B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Theileria equi is a tick-borne apicomplexan hemoparasite that causes equine piroplasmosis. This parasite has a worldwide distribution but the United States was considered to be free of this disease until recently.
Methods: We used samples from 37 horses to determine genetic relationships among North American T.