The impact of four widely used neonicotinoid insecticides on Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille) (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

Application of neonicotinoid insecticides on crops can reduce the pollination services and population levels of the stingless bee Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Neotropical agroecosystems. However, the impact of these insecticides on this bee has not been fully investigated. This study assessed the susceptibility levels of T.