Experiences of Patient-Centered Care Among Japanese and Australian Cancer Outpatients: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study.

There have been few international comparisons of patient-centered cancer care delivery. This study aimed to compare the experiences of patient-centered care (PCC) of Japanese and Australian radiation oncology patients. Participants were adults with cancer attending a radiotherapy appointment at a Japanese or Australian clinic.

Frailty screening among older adults receiving home care packages: a study of feasibility and prevalence.

Home care packages (HCPs) aim to support older people to remain in their homes for as long as possible. Early detection and management of frailty in community-dwelling older people may prevent or delay transfer to residential aged care. This suggests that it is important to establish mechanisms for identifying frailty among older adults.

Singapore's health outcomes after critical illness in kids: A study protocol exploring health outcomes of families 6 months after critical illness.

Aim: To explore and understand the impact of paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission on longitudinal health outcomes, experiences and support needs of children and their parents in the first 6 months after PICU discharge and to examine the role of ethnicity.

Design: This study uses a prospective, longitudinal design.

Methods: The sample will include children (N = 110) and at least one parent (N = 110) admitted to the PICU (KKH-AM start-up fund, October 2020).

Protocol of a randomized controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of Recovery-focused Community support to Avoid readmissions and improve Participation after Stroke (ReCAPS).

Rationale: To address unmet needs, electronic messages to support person-centered goal attainment and secondary prevention may avoid hospital presentations/readmissions after stroke, but evidence is limited.

Hypothesis: Compared to control participants, there will be a 10% lower proportion of intervention participants who represent to hospital (emergency/admission) within 90 days of randomization.

Methods And Design: Multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial with intention-to-treat analysis.

A Modular Approach to Light Capture and Synthetic Tuning of the Excited-State Properties of Fe(II)-Based Chromophores.

The development of chromophores based on earth-abundant transition metals whose photophysical properties are dominated by their charge-transfer excited states has inspired considerable research over the past decade. One challenge associated with this effort is satisfying the dual requirements of a strong ligand field and chemical tunability of the compound's absorptive cross-section. Herein we explore one possible approach using a heteroleptic compositional motif that combines both of these attributes into a single compound.

Pharmacological strategies used to manage symptoms of patients dying of COVID-19: A rapid systematic review.

Background: COVID-19 has tragically resulted in over 2.5 million deaths globally. Despite this, there is a lack of research on how to care for patients dying of COVID-19, specifically pharmacological management of symptoms.

Essential components of health assessment for older people in primary care: a cross-sectional survey of Australian general practitioners.

Objective: To examine general practitioners' views about how health assessments for older people should be conducted.

Methods: General practitioners were randomly sampled from a national database of medical practitioners and invited to complete a survey. Survey items explored general practitioners' views about essential components of a 75+ Health Assessment and who should assess each component, consultation time, use of standardised templates and tools, and home visits.

Effectiveness of information and communications technology interventions for stroke survivors and their support people: a systematic review.

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of self-directed, off-the-shelf information and communications technology (ICT)-based interventions in improving the quality of life, physical and psychosocial outcomes of community-dwelling stroke survivors and their support persons (SP).

Methods: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases were searched (2006-19th June 2020) for randomized controlled trials, controlled trials, controlled before and after studies, or interrupted time series studies that met the eligibility criteria. The quality of included studies was assessed.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to improve mental wellbeing.

Our current understanding of the efficacy of psychological interventions in improving mental states of wellbeing is incomplete. This study aimed to overcome limitations of previous reviews by examining the efficacy of distinct types of psychological interventions, irrespective of their theoretical underpinning, and the impact of various moderators, in a unified systematic review and meta-analysis. Four-hundred-and-nineteen randomized controlled trials from clinical and non-clinical populations (n = 53,288) were identified for inclusion.

The impact of interprofessional practice models on health service inequity: an integrative systematic review.

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to explore the literature for evidence of the impact of interprofessional practice models on health service inequity, particularly within community care settings for diverse ageing populations.

Design/methodology/approach: An integrative systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework combined with the EndNote reference management system. Following the collection and comprehensive screening process completion, a thematic analysis of the included articles occurred utilising within NVivo 12 software.

Evaluation of Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine Effectiveness in Ghana (TyVEGHA) Using a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Phase IV Trial: Trial Design and Population Baseline Characteristics.

Typhoid fever remains a significant health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, with incidence rates of >100 cases per 100,000 person-years of observation. Despite the prequalification of safe and effective typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV), some uncertainties remain around future demand. Real-life effectiveness data, which inform public health programs on the impact of TCVs in reducing typhoid-related mortality and morbidity, from an African setting may help encourage the introduction of TCVs in high-burden settings.

Intersections between Young Women's Racial/Ethnic Identities and Sexual Orientation on Rates of Sexual Violence and Substance Use.

Background: Little is known about whether there are differences in rates of sexual violence and its association with substance use based on women's identities, specifically the intersection of their race/ethnicity and sexual orientation.

Method: Women ( = 546; 18 to 29 years of age) recruited from a reproductive healthcare clinic reported their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, sexual violence history and substance use. Five logistic regressions examined (a) rates of sexual violence, and (b) the strength of the associations between sexual violence and four substance use outcomes (heavy alcohol use, marijuana use, cigarette use, number of cigarettes used) based on sexual orientation.

Development of the integrated New Jersey Safety and Health Outcomes (NJ-SHO) data warehouse: catalysing advancements in injury prevention research.

Objective: Our objective was to describe the development of the New Jersey Safety and Health Outcomes (NJ-SHO) data warehouse-a unique and comprehensive data source that integrates state-wide administrative databases in NJ to enable the field of injury prevention to address critical, high-priority research questions.

Methods: We undertook an iterative process to link data from six state-wide administrative databases from NJ for the period of 2004 through 2018: (1) driver licensing histories, (2) traffic-related citations and suspensions, (3) police-reported crashes, (4) birth certificates, (5) death certificates and (6) hospital discharges (emergency department, inpatient and outpatient). We also linked to electronic health records of all NJ patients of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia network, census tract-level indicators (using geocoded residential addresses) and state-wide Medicaid/Medicare data.

Megasphaera in the Stool Microbiota Is Negatively Associated With Diarrheal Cryptosporidiosis.

Background: The protozoan parasites in the Cryptosporidium genus cause both acute diarrheal disease and subclinical (ie, nondiarrheal) disease. It is unclear if the microbiota can influence the manifestation of diarrhea during a Cryptosporidium infection.

Methods: To characterize the role of the gut microbiota in diarrheal cryptosporidiosis, the microbiome composition of both diarrheal and surveillance Cryptosporidium-positive fecal samples from 72 infants was evaluated using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.

Rapid classification of commercial teas according to their origin and type using elemental content with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy.

Unlabelled: The authenticity of tea has become more important to the industry while the supply chains become complex. The quality and price of tea produced in different regions varies greatly. Currently, a rapid analytical method for testing the geographical origin of tea is missing.

Bacterial biofilm formation on vaginal ring pessaries used for pelvic organ prolapse.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective of this study was to characterize the bacterial biofilm on vaginal ring pessaries used to treat pelvic organ prolapse and investigate the relationship between biofilm phenotype and patient symptoms and clinical signs that are suggestive of inflammation.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of 40 women wearing a ring-shaped pessary continuously for at least 12 weeks. Participants underwent a clinical examination, and the pessary was removed.

Global political responsibility for the conservation of albatrosses and large petrels.

Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round importance of national jurisdictions and high seas areas for 39 species of albatrosses and large petrels. Populations from every country made extensive use of the high seas, indicating the stake each country has in the management of biodiversity in international waters.

Incorporating patient centered benefits as endpoints in randomized trials of maintenance therapies in advanced ovarian cancer: A position paper from the GCIG symptom benefit committee.

Background: Quality of life and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are important secondary endpoints and incorporated in most contemporary clinical trials. There have been deficiencies in their assessment and reporting in ovarian cancer clinical trials, particularly in trials of maintenance treatment where they are of particular importance. The Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) symptom benefit committee (SBC) recently convened a brainstorming meeting with representation from all collaborative groups to address questions of how to best incorporate PROMs into trials of maintenance therapies to support the primary endpoint which is usually progression free survival (PFS).

Calm on the surface, dynamic on the inside. Molecular homeostasis of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 nitrogen metabolism.

Nitrogen sources are all converted into ammonium/ia as a first step of assimilation. It is reasonable to expect that molecular components involved in the transport of ammonium/ia across biological membranes connect with the regulation of both nitrogen and central metabolism. We applied both genetic (i.