Daidzein and Equol: Ex Vivo and In Silico Approaches Targeting COX-2, iNOS, and the Canonical Inflammasome Signaling Pathway.

Background: The inflammasome is a cytosolic multiprotein complex associated with multiple autoimmune diseases. Phytochemical compounds in soy () foods, such as isoflavones, have been reported for their anti-inflammatory properties.

Aim: the anti-inflammatory activity of DZ (daidzein) and EQ (equol) were investigated in an ex vivo model of LPS-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages and by molecular docking correlation.

Virgin olive oil and its phenol fraction modulate monocyte/macrophage functionality: a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Monocytes and macrophages are critical effectors and regulators of inflammation and innate immune response, which appear altered in different autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent studies suggested that virgin olive oil (VOO) and particularly its phenol compounds might possess preventive effects on different immune-inflammatory diseases, including SLE. Here, we evaluated the effects of VOO (and sunflower oil) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated peritoneal macrophages from a model of pristane-induced SLE in BALB/c mice, as well as those of the phenol fraction (PF) from VOO on the immune-inflammatory activity and plasticity in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy volunteers.

Activated T follicular helper-like cells are released into blood after oral vaccination and correlate with vaccine specific mucosal B-cell memory.

T follicular helper (Tfh)-like cells with potent B-cell helping ability are mobilized into human circulation after parenteral vaccination and are generally held to reflect ongoing germinal center reactions. However, whether mucosal vaccination induces systemic Tfh responses and how such responses may relate to IgA production are unknown. We investigated the frequencies, phenotype and function of circulating Tfh-like CD4CXCR5 T cells (cTfh) in adults receiving an oral inactivated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine.

The phenolic fraction of extra virgin olive oil modulates the activation and the inflammatory response of T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy donors.

Scope: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multiorgan autoimmune disease characterized by immune deregulation, which involves altered T-cell response and imbalance of cytokine production. The phenolic fraction (PE) of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) possesses anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and exerts preventive effects in murine models of immune-inflammatory diseases, such as SLE. The present study was designed to determine the in vitro effects of the PE from EVOO on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from inactive patients with SLE and healthy donors.

Apigenin supplementation protects the development of dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis by inhibiting canonical and non-canonical inflammasome signaling pathways.

The present study was designed to elucidate the protective effects of dietary apigenin (API) enrichment in a chronic colitis model induced by DSS in mice. Inflammatory mediators and the possible role of canonical and non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways in the beneficial effects of API under chronic inflammatory conditions were also explored. Six-week-old mice were randomized in four dietary groups: sham and control groups received standard diet (SD), and other two groups were fed with API at 0.

Dietary extra virgin olive oil attenuates kidney injury in pristane-induced SLE model via activation of HO-1/Nrf-2 antioxidant pathway and suppression of JAK/STAT, NF-κB and MAPK activation.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a widespread organ involvement. Recent studies have suggested that extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) might possess preventive effects on this immunoinflammation-related disease. However, its role in SLE remained unknown.

Effects of dietary virgin olive oil polyphenols: hydroxytyrosyl acetate and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylglycol on DSS-induced acute colitis in mice.

Hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenolic compound from extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has exhibited an improvement in a model of DSS-induced colitis. However, other phenolic compounds present such as hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HTy-Ac) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) need to be explored to complete the understanding of the overall effects of EVOO on inflammatory colon mucosa. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of both HTy-Ac and DHPG dietary supplementation in the inflammatory response associated to colitis model.

The unsaponifiable fraction of extra virgin olive oil promotes apoptosis and attenuates activation and homing properties of T cells from patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

The unsaponifiable fraction (UF) of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) possesses anti-inflammatory properties and exerts preventative effects in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The present study was designed to determine the in vitro effects of UF on blood and intestinal T cells from IBD patients and healthy subjects. The T cell phenotype was investigated by flow cytometry and cytokine secretion was determined by ELISA.

Extra virgin olive oil polyphenolic extracts downregulate inflammatory responses in LPS-activated murine peritoneal macrophages suppressing NFκB and MAPK signalling pathways.

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is obtained from the fruit of the olive tree Olea europaea L. Phenolic compounds present in EVOO have recognized anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the activity of the total phenolic fraction extracted from EVOO and the action mechanisms involved are not well defined.

Unsaponifiable fraction from extra virgin olive oil inhibits the inflammatory response in LPS-activated murine macrophages.

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has demonstrated great anti-inflammatory properties. Nowadays, it is clear that its minor components have a key role in these beneficial effects. However, the contribution of the unsaponifiable fraction (UF) to these healthy effects remains unknown.

Melatonin modulates microsomal PGE synthase 1 and NF-E2-related factor-2-regulated antioxidant enzyme expression in LPS-induced murine peritoneal macrophages.

Background And Purpose: Increasing evidence demonstrates that melatonin regulates inflammatory and immune processes acting as both an activator and inhibitor of these responses. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory action remain unclear. Here we have characterized the cellular mechanisms underlying the redox modulation of LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses in murine peritoneal macrophages by melatonin to provide insight into its anti-inflammatory effects.

Mechanisms involved in the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of unsaponifiable fraction of extra virgin olive oil on HT-29 cancer cells.

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has demonstrated great oncostatic and antiinflammatory properties. Nowadays, it is clear that unsaponifiable fraction (UF) as well as other minor EVOO components have a key role in these beneficial effects. The present study was designed to evaluate UF effect in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells.

An up-date of olive oil phenols in inflammation and cancer: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications.

Olive oil (OO), the main fatty component of the Mediterranean diet, exhibits numerous biological functions which are beneficial for the state of health. In addition to monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) evidences have accumulated on the favorable properties of its minor though highly bioactive components, particularly the phenolic compounds, which have shown a broad spectrum of bioactive properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects both associated with the origin of the main chronic diseases. Additional studies have demonstrated that the health effects of olive oil polyphenols have been also associated with their, neuroprotective, antiaging and antiatherogenic effects.

Abarema cochliacarpos reduces LPS-induced inflammatory response in murine peritoneal macrophages regulating ROS-MAPK signal pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby and Grimes (Fabaceae), known by the vulgar name of Babatenã, has been traditionally used in Northeast Brazil, as an anti-inflammatory remedy. Previous studies have demonstrated its anti-inflammatory and antiulcer effects in skin lesion, alcohol gastric ulcer and acute and chronic colitis.

Aims: The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the butanolic fraction from A.

Oleuropein, a secoiridoid derived from olive tree, inhibits the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cell through downregulation of HIF-1α.

Oleuropein (OL) is the most prominent phenolic compound in the fruit of olive tree. Although OL has shown powerful anticancer activity the underlying action mechanism remains largely unknown. The present study evaluated the effects of OL on hydroxityrosol (HT)-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells in comparison to hydroxytyrosol, its hydrolysis product, and to elucidate the underlying anticancer molecular mechanisms involved.

Dietary extra virgin olive oil polyphenols supplementation modulates DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice.

We evaluated the protective effect of dietary extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenol extract (PE) supplementation in the inflammatory response associated to chronic colitis model. Six-week-old mice were randomized in four dietary groups: standard diet (SD), EVOO diet and both enriched with PE (850 ppm) (SD+PE and EVOO+PE). After 30 days, animals that were exposed to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (3%) followed by 3 weeks of drinking water developed chronic colitis, which was evaluated by disease activity index (DAI) and histology.

Dietary unsaponifiable fraction from extra virgin olive oil supplementation attenuates acute ulcerative colitis in mice.

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has demonstrated immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory properties in murine experimental ulcerative colitis (UC). In addition to its high monounsaturated fatty acid content, evidences have accumulated on the favorable properties of minor, although highly bioactive, components present in the unsaponifiable fraction (UF). The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary EVOO's UF supplementation on acute UC.

Dietary supplementation of an ellagic acid-enriched pomegranate extract attenuates chronic colonic inflammation in rats.

Dietary polyphenols present in Punica granatum (pomegranate), such as ellagitannins and ellagic acid (EA) have shown to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a dietary EA-enriched pomegranate extract (PE) in a murine chronic model of Cronh's disease (CD). Colonic injury was induced by intracolonic instillation of trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS).

Influence of extra virgin olive oil diet enriched with hydroxytyrosol in a chronic DSS colitis model.

Purpose: Recent epidemiological studies have shown that habitual consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), the characteristic culinary fat of the Mediterranean area, is effective in the prevention of diverse types of digestive disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. Many of these benefits are, in addition to its high proportion of oleic acid, due to the high content of phenolic compounds.

Methods: Six-week-old mice were randomized into three dietary groups: standard, EVOO and hydroxytyrosol-enriched EVOO.

Protective effect of ellagic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound, in a murine model of Crohn's disease.

Current epidemiological and experimental studies support a beneficial role of dietary polyphenols in several gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the effects of a naturally occurring polyphenol, ellagic acid, present in some fruits such as pomegranate, raspberries and nuts among others, in an experimental murine model of Crohn's disease by intra-colonic administration of TNBS in rats. Analysis of the lesions were carried out by macroscopic and histological technics.

Extra-virgin olive oil-enriched diet modulates DSS-colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis in mice.

Background & Aims: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk for developing ulcerative colitis (UC)-associated colorectal cancer (CRC). Several studies have shown that extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) might possess anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antiapoptotic effects. We have evaluated EVOO diet effects on the severity of repeated colitis-associated CRC.

Dietary supplementation of resveratrol attenuates chronic colonic inflammation in mice.

Ulcerative colitis is a nonspecific inflammatory disorder characterized by oxidative and nitrosative stress, leucocyte infiltration and upregulation of inflammatory mediators. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound found in grapes and wine, with multiple pharmacological actions, mainly anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumour and immunomodulatory activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary resveratrol on chronic dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.

Anti-inflammatory intestinal activity of Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby & Grimes in TNBS colitis model.

Aim Of The Study: To assess the anti-inflammatory effect of butanolic fraction of methanolic extract from bark of Abarema cochliacarpos in acute ulcerative colitis model induced by intracolonic administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in Wistar rats.

Materials And Methods: Abarema cochliacarpos (100 and 150mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage 48, 24 and 1h prior to the induction of colitis with 10mg/kg of TNBS and, 24h later.

Results: Phytochemical studies by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) revealed that catechins were a major component into condensate class of tannins.