Hellenic karst waters: geogenic and anthropogenic processes affecting their geochemistry and quality.

Karst hydrosystems represent one of the largest global drinking water resources, but they are extremely vulnerable to pollution. Climate change, high population density, intensive industrial, and agricultural activities are the principal causes of deterioration, both in terms of quality and quantity, of these resources. Samples from 172 natural karst springs were collected in the whole territory of Greece.

Reaction of the carbonate Sibillini Mountains Basal aquifer (Central Italy) to the extensional 2016-2017 seismic sequence.

Hydrogeological perturbations in response to earthquakes are widely described worldwide. In carbonate aquifers, a post-seismic discharge increase is often attributed to an increase of bulk permeability due to co-seismic fracturing and the attention on the role of faults to explain the diversion of groundwater is increasing. We focus on the reaction of carbonate hydrogeological basins to extensional seismicity, taking as an example the effects of the Central Italy 2016-2017 seismic sequence, on the Basal aquifer of the Sibillini Mountains area.

Correlation between tectonic CO Earth degassing and seismicity is revealed by a 10-year record in the Apennines, Italy.

Deep CO emissions characterize many nonvolcanic, seismically active regions worldwide, and the involvement of deep CO in the earthquake cycle is now generally recognized. However, no long-time records of such emissions have been published, and the temporal relations between earthquake occurrence and tectonic CO release remain enigmatic. Here, we report a 10-year record (2009-2018) of tectonic CO flux in the Apennines (Italy) during intense seismicity.

The emissions of CO and other volatiles from the world's subaerial volcanoes.

Volcanoes are the main pathway to the surface for volatiles that are stored within the Earth. Carbon dioxide (CO) is of particular interest because of its potential for climate forcing. Understanding the balance of CO that is transferred from the Earth's surface to the Earth's interior, hinges on accurate quantification of the long-term emissions of volcanic CO to the atmosphere.

Seismic signature of active intrusions in mountain chains.

Intrusions are a ubiquitous component of mountain chains and testify to the emplacement of magma at depth. Understanding the emplacement and growth mechanisms of intrusions, such as diapiric or dike-like ascent, is critical to constrain the evolution and structure of the crust. Petrological and geological data allow us to reconstruct magma pathways and long-term magma differentiation and assembly processes.

Monitoring diffuse volcanic degassing during volcanic unrests: the case of Campi Flegrei (Italy).

In volcanoes with active hydrothermal systems, diffuse CO degassing may constitute the primary mode of volcanic degassing. The monitoring of CO emissions can provide important clues in understanding the evolution of volcanic activity especially at calderas where the interpretation of unrest signals is often complex. Here, we report eighteen years of CO fluxes from the soil at Solfatara of Pozzuoli, located in the restless Campi Flegrei caldera.

The ultrastructure of corified skin.

We studied the ultrastructure of human skin in a particular form of postmortem transformation: so-called "corification." Six- and 12-month-old corpses were examined. The epidermis showed a remarkable ultrastructural preservation of its components comparable to freshly fixed material.

A case of dysembryogenesis of the aortic arches.

A medico-legal necropsy conducted on a stillborn child revealed certain abnormalities of the heart and the large vessels. Both the pulmonary artery and the aorta issued from the right ventricle, while the left ventricle communicated with the right superiorly and below the crest. There was no ductus arteriosus.

Ultrastructure of human tissues after prolonged interment in metal-lined coffins.

The ultrastructure of certain tissues is sometimes preserved after lengthy interment in metal-lined coffins. Susceptible structures of the epidermis, such as the mitochondria and nuclear envelopes, may be clearly identifiable. Electron microscopy thus permits recognition not only of individual cell types, but also of different intracytoplasmic organelles.

Ultrastructural aspects of electric burn in man.

The authors have studied the ultrastructural aspects of the electric burn in human skin. They divide the lesion in three areas: a central one, in which the stratum corneum is almost completely lost, and the other strata are reduced only to fragment oriented in an univocal direction; an intermediate area, in which this orientation is visible also in nuclei, desmosomes, tonofilaments, and in which the nuclei appear elongated respect to those of control section; and finally a peripheral area in which damages are very reduced, but in which are present elongation of nuclei and other structures and orientation. The possibility of an action due to an electro-magnetic field is discussed.

Fine structure of post-mortal tissues transformations. Preliminary observations.

The Authors have studied the ultrastructure of human skin in a particular anomalous form of post-mortal transformation: the so called corification. Some structures (cell membranes, desmosomes, mitochondria, nuclear envelopes) are well preserved, while other structures (such as endoplasmic reticulum) are upset. These observations suggested that in the corification endogenous and exogenous enzymatic actions are extremely inhibited.

[Removable electromagnetic transducer for the study of cardiac minute volume in the conscious dog].

The study aimed at evaluating the reliability of a new type of aortic flow probes to be used in conscious dogs and easy to be removed without a second surgical intervention, 48-72 hours after they have been implanted. The probes, which have been made in the Department of Human Physiology of the University of Turin, are light and thin enough to be cronically implanted around the aorta without removing the fat which surrounds the artery, and to be taken away without injuring the tissues. The records obtained 24 and 48 hours after they have been positioned, demonstrate the reliability of the probes.