Is Lobectomy Actually Worse Than Segmentectomy for All Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer?

Introduction: The recent results of the JCOG 0802 and CALGB 140503 studies suggest that segmentectomy should be considered instead of lobectomy for patients with peripheral <2 cm node-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to test this hypothesis in a retrospective analysis of a larger dataset of patients with stage I NSCLC recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Methods: Patients with all stage I NSCLC (≤4 cm in size) who underwent either segmentectomy or lobectomy from 2000 to 2017 were analyzed.

Retrospective immunophenotypical evaluation of MET, PD-1/PD-L1, and mTOR pathways in primary tumors and pulmonary metastases of renal cell carcinoma: the RIVELATOR study addresses the issue of biomarkers heterogeneity.

Aim: In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), tumor heterogeneity generated challenges to biomarker development and therapeutic management, often becoming responsible for primary and acquired drug resistance. This study aimed to assess the inter-tumoral, intra-tumoral, and intra-lesional heterogeneity of known druggable targets in metastatic RCC (mRCC).

Methods: The RIVELATOR study was a monocenter retrospective analysis of biological samples from 25 cases of primary RCC and their paired pulmonary metastases.

Relationship Between the Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) and Lung Adenocarcinoma Patterns: New Possible Insights.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate a potential relationship between the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and the aggressiveness of lung adenocarcinoma (ADC).

Methods: Patients who underwent radical surgery for lung ADC between 2001 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. DLCO values were dichotomized into DLCO (<80% of predicted) and DLCO (≥80%).

Cardiac autonomic and cortisol stress responses to real operations in surgeons: relationship with individual psychobiological characteristics and experience.

Background: Surgeons are exposed to high levels of intraoperative stress, which could compromise their psychological well-being in the long term. This study aimed at exploring the effects of real operations on the activity of stress response systems (i.e.

The Overweight Paradox: Impact of Body Mass Index on Patients Undergoing VATS Lobectomy or Segmentectomy.

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of BMI on perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing VATS lobectomy or segmentectomy. Data from 5088 patients undergoing VATS lobectomy or segmentectomy, included in the VATS Group Italian Registry, were collected. BMI (kg/m) was categorized according to the WHO classes: underweight, normal, overweight, obese.

Hydrogen Sulfide Inhibits TMPRSS2 in Human Airway Epithelial Cells: Implications for SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

The COVID-19 pandemic has now affected around 190 million people worldwide, accounting for more than 4 million confirmed deaths. Besides ongoing global vaccination, finding protective and therapeutic strategies is an urgent clinical need. SARS-CoV-2 mostly infects the host organism via the respiratory system, requiring angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) to enter target cells.

Pulmonary Hamartoma Associated With Lung Cancer (PHALC Study): Results of a Multicenter Study.

Purpose: Pulmonary hamartoma is the most common benign tumor of the lung. We analyzed a 20-year historical series of patients with pulmonary hamartoma undergoing surgical resection, aiming to evaluate the characteristics, the outcomes, and the association between hamartoma and lung cancer.

Methods: It was a retrospective multicenter study including the data of all consecutive patients with pulmonary hamartoma undergoing surgical resection.

Prognostic role of standard uptake value according to pathologic features of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of lung adenocarcinoma second predominant pattern on the maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) and its prognostic effect in different histologic groups.

Methods: We retrospectively collected surgically resected pathologic stage I and II lung adenocarcinoma from nine European institutions. Only patients who underwent preoperative PET-CT and with available information regarding SUVmax of T (SUVmaxT) and N1 (SUVmaxN1) component were included.

The role of miRNA-221 and miRNA-126 in patients with benign metastasizing leiomyoma of the lung: an overview with new interesting scenarios.

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare disease characterized by extrauterine benign leiomyomatosis in patients with a previous or concomitant history of uterine leiomyoma. Currently, there are no specific criteria to predict the metastasizing ability of the uterine leiomyoma and the risk of malignant degeneration of pulmonary BML, and these are the aims of this study. We analyzed 10 uterine (three leiomyomas, four leiomyomas that gave rise to lung BML, three healthy tissues) and 11 pulmonary tissue samples (eight lung BML, three healthy tissues).

Multiple primary malignancies involving lung cancer: a single-center experience.

Objective: Currently, unlike earlier years, patients affected by multiple primary malignancies (MPM) are significantly increased, thus representing a clinical-pathologic category worthy of attention. Their clinical features and prognosis still need to be studied thoroughly, and this is the aim of our study.

Methods: Patients with MPM involving lung cancer admitted in our center between January 2006 and December 2016 were considered.

Spatial architecture of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes as a prognostic parameter in resected non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are critically implicated in the clinical outcome and response to immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The functional competence of lymphocyte subpopulations is strongly conditioned by their spatial arrangement within the tumour immune microenvironment. The aim of this study was to determine whether the tissue localization of specific TIL subpopulations might have an impact on the risk of recurrence in surgically resected NSCLC.

Prognostic factors of lung cancer in lymphoma survivors (the LuCiLyS study).

Background: Second cancer is the leading cause of death in lymphoma survivors, with lung cancer representing the most common solid tumor. Limited information exists about the treatment and prognosis of second lung cancer following lymphoma. Herein, we evaluated the outcome and prognostic factors of Lung Cancer in Lymphoma Survivors (the LuCiLyS study) to improve the patient selection for lung cancer treatment.

Prognostic value of [F]FDG PET/CT parameters in surgically resected primary lung adenocarcinoma: a single-center experience.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic role of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) measured by FDG-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma undergoing surgical resection.

Methods: All consecutive patients undergoing curative surgery for primary lung adenocarcinoma at the Thoracic Surgery Unit of the University Hospital of Parma between January 2009 and December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The cutoff point of each continuous PET parameter was determined through receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden index, using overall survival (OS) as the classification status.

Immune context characterization and heterogeneity in primary tumors and pulmonary metastases from renal cell carcinoma.

Aim: The knowledge of the immune context of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is useful to predict benefit from immunotherapy. We retrospectively characterized the immune context of RCC patients underwent primary nephrectomy and pulmonary metastasectomy.

Materials & Methods: Intratumoral infiltrating lymphocytes and peritumoral renal infiltrating lymphocytes, lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4, CD8), PD-1, PD-L1 were explored in paired samples of primary RCC (T) and respective pulmonary metastases (M).

Linezolid-induced black hairy tongue.

Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a self-limiting disorder characterized by abnormal hypertrophy and elongation of filiform papillae on the surface of the tongue. The exact mechanism of drug-induced BHT is unknown. Several factors have been implicated and included smoking or chewing tobacco, drinking alcohol, poor oral hygiene and antibiotics such as tetracyclines and penicillins.

Combined hyaluronate-based films loaded with pemetrexed and cisplatin for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma: Preliminary evaluation in an orthotopic tumor recurrence model.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy characterized by a long latency period of 20-50 years after exposure to the main aetiology agent that is asbestos. MPM treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, with the combination pemetrexed and cisplatin being the standard chemotherapy approach. Despite this multimodality therapy one of the major issues after surgery is the high rate of local recurrence of the tumor.

Giant intercostal nerve schwannoma in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 2.

Purpose: To describe a case of giant intercostal nerve schwannoma successfully resected in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 2.

Methods: A 44-year-old woman, with a history of neurofibromatosis type 2, presented with chest discomfort and mild dyspnea. She had undergone a recent resection of a large frontal parasagittal benign meningioma.

Polymeric films loaded with cisplatin for malignant pleural mesothelioma: a pharmacokinetic study in an ovine model.

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) continues to be a distressing tumor due to its aggressive biologic behavior and scanty prognosis. Several therapeutic approaches have been tested both in clinical and preclinical settings, being intrapleural chemotherapy one of the most promising. Some years ago, our interest focused on polymeric films loaded with cisplatin for the adjuvant intrapleural treatment of surgical patients.

Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of polymeric films loaded with cisplatin for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Background: Malignant mesothelioma is an invasive neoplasm arising from mesothelial surfaces of the pleural and peritoneal cavities. Mesothelioma treatment is unsatisfactory and recurrence is common. Here an innovative locoregional treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma is presented.

Blood and lymphatic vessels contribute to the impact of the immune microenvironment on clinical outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Lymphangiogenesis plays a critical role in the immune response, tumour progression and therapy effectiveness. The aim of this study was to determine whether the interplay between the lymphatic and the blood microvasculature, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint constitutes an immune microenvironment affecting the clinical outcome of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Methods: Samples from 50 squamous cell carcinomas and 42 adenocarcinomas were subjected to immunofluorescence to detect blood and lymphatic vessels.

Pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal cancer: analysis of prognostic factors affecting survival.

Background: Pulmonary metastasectomy is considered a standard procedure in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Different prognostic factors including multiple metastatic nodules, the presence of extra-pulmonary metastases and BRAF mutation status have been associated with poor survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate which factors influenced survival in CRC patients undergoing pulmonary metastasectomy by studying primary tumors and pulmonary metastases.

Solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry followed by multivariate data analysis for the identification of volatile organic compounds as possible biomarkers in lung cancer tissues.

Solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry followed by multivariate data analysis were used to analyze lung tissues from both healthy and carcinogenic patients. A total of 78 volatile compounds belonging to different chemical classes were identified, seven of which were able to discriminate between the two groups. Discriminant analysis allowed to correctly classify 98.

MicroRNA Expression in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Asbestosis: A Pilot Study.

Background: The identification of diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for asbestos-related diseases is relevant for early diagnosis and patient survival and may contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease development and progression.

Aims: To identify a pattern of miRNAs as possible diagnostic biomarkers for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and asbestosis (ASB) and as prognostic biomarkers for MPM patients.

Methods: miRNA-16, miRNA-17, miRNA-126, and miRNA-486 were quantified in plasma and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic roles compared to patients with other noncancerous pulmonary diseases (controls).

Combined Inhibition of CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathways Induces a Synergistic Anti-Tumor Effect in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Cells.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a progressive malignancy associated to the exposure of asbestos fibers. The most frequently inactivated tumor suppressor gene in MPM is CDKN2A/ARF, encoding for the cell cycle inhibitors p16 and p14, deleted in about 70% of MPM cases. Considering the high frequency of alterations of this gene, we tested in MPM cells the efficacy of palbociclib (PD-0332991), a highly selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6.