The role of white matter variability in TMS neuromodulatory effects.

Background: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a widely used tool to explore the causal role of focal brain regions in cognitive processing. TMS effects over attentional processes are consistent and replicable, while at the same time subjected to individual variability. This individual variability needs to be understood to better comprehend TMS effects, and most importantly, its clinical applications.

Pilot study on the effectiveness of the socialmind program for the rehabilitation of social cognition following acquired brain injury.

Background: People with acquired brain injury (ABI) often have Social Cognition (SC) deficits. Impairment of SC causes the individual to have difficulties in daily functioning and can lead to social isolation. Research aimed at rehabilitation of SC in individuals with ABI is scarce and almost always addresses only one component of this ability.

Does Including Facebook Training Improve the Effectiveness of Computerized Cognitive Training? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine whether implementing a Facebook training program improves the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training (CCT) in older adults.

Design: Randomized, controlled, double single-blind trial with parallel groups.

Setting: Community centers.

Effectiveness of training in expressing positive emotions, reacting to change and greeting peers after childhood traumatic brain injury: a single-case experimental study.

Background: Social cognitive deficits are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The participant in this single-case experimental design (SCED) was 7 years old when he sustained a severe TBI. After 2 years in rehabilitation, he continues to show deficits in social cognition.

Efficacy of computerized cognitive training and mindfulness for improving cognition and mood in older adults: better together than separately.

Background: The risk of cognitive decline in older adults makes it necessary to design training programs for the improvement of cognition.

Aims: To determine the efficacy of applying a combined program of computerized cognitive training (CCT) and mindfulness for improving cognition and mood and quality of life in people aged 60 years and older, compared with using both interventions separately.

Methods: Adults, older than 95 years were assigned to groups that subsequently received one of the three interventions (CCT, mindfulness, and combined).

Effectiveness of Computerized Cognitive Training by VIRTRAEL on Memory and Executive Function in Older People: A Pilot Study.

The prevalence of people over 60 years of age with cognitive impairment has increased in recent decades. As a consequence, numerous computerized cognitive trainings (CCT) have been developed. This pilot study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the CCT with VIRTRAEL in improving older adults' cognition.

Resilience, Stress, and Cortisol Predict Cognitive Performance in Older Adults.

Objective: to determine the relationship between stress, resilience, and cognitive performance in older people without dementia.

Method: multiple linear regressions were performed using measures of cognitive performance as dependent variables, and measures of stress and resilience as predictors in a sample of 63 Spanish elderly people.

Results: participants reported low levels of stress during their lifetime.

Cognitive training and remediation interventions for substance use disorders: a Delphi consensus study.

Aims: Substance use disorders (SUD) are associated with cognitive deficits that are not always addressed in current treatments, and this hampers recovery. Cognitive training and remediation interventions are well suited to fill the gap for managing cognitive deficits in SUD. We aimed to reach consensus on recommendations for developing and applying these interventions.

Visuospatial working memory and attention control make the difference between experts, regulars and non-players of the videogame League of Legends.

Video games have been postulated as an emerging field for studying the cognition-expertise relationship. Despite this, some methodological practices hinder scientific advance (e.g.

A Program for the Comprehensive Cognitive Training of Excess Weight (TRAINEP): The Study Protocol for A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Background: The available treatments for people with excess weight have shown small effects. Cognitive training has shown promising results, but most of the research focused on normal-weight university students and reported immediate results after a single training session. This parallel group, randomized, controlled trial aims to study the efficacy of a program for the comprehensive cognitive treatment of excess weight.

Participation Predicts Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults Using the PART-O Transformed Scores Systems.

Participation has been shown to be a protective factor for cognition in older adults, but instruments to assess it are limited. The main objective was to determine the validity of two scoring systems (direct vs transformed) for the Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective (PART-O) by applying structural equation modeling to the relationship between the subscales and the cognitive functions, in a sample of 245 people over 60 years of age. The transformed scores model showed stronger relationships and larger explained variance in overall participation (55.

Pandemic-related pregnancy stress among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain.

Objective: The aim was to develop and establish the psychometric properties of the Pandemic-Related Pregnancy Stress Scale (PREPS) in European Spanish speaking pregnant women in Spain.

Design: A cross section design using a non-random sample of 206 women completed the questionnaire during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown from April to June 2020 in Spain. Psychological, sociodemographic and obstetric factors and the new PREPS were collected.

Efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in cognitive function in the elderly people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The main objective was to determine the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Interventions in improving the cognitive function of older adults (healthy adults or adults with mild cognitive impairment).

Methods: A search was conducted in 4 databases. The effect sizes were extracted to perform a meta-analysis of the cognitive functions, as well as subgroup meta-analyses according to each domain: attention, memory and executive function.

Cost, microbiological, and nutritional properties of pureed food production in nursing homes. The ABADIA Study.

Introduction: although nutritional differences between different types of texture-modified diet (TMD) have been evaluated, the resources and costs associated with their preparation have been less studied. Objective: to describe the nutritional, microbiological properties and costs of: 1) in-home produced pureed food (hTMD); 2) concentrated nutrient-dense commercial food products, hand-blended (cTMD); 3) food prepared using the MixxPro® automatic food mixer (cTMD-Mix). Methods: an observational, prospective study carried out in three geriatric nursing-homes.

Complexity of work with people: Associations with cognitive functioning and change after retirement.

Retirement has been associated with cognitive decline. However, the influence of specific job characteristics like occupational complexity on post-retirement cognitive outcomes is not well understood. Data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study were used to examine occupational complexity in relation to cognitive performance and cognitive change after retirement.

The Family Needs Questionnaire-Revised: a Rasch analysis of measurement properties in the chronic phase after traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: The main aim was to evaluate the measurement properties of the Family Needs Questionnaire-Revised (FNQ-R) in family members of individuals living with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: A total of 309 family members of individuals with severe TBI from Colombia, Denmark, Mexico, Norway and Spain participated. Rasch analysis of the FNQ-R and its 6 subscales was conducted.

Validation of the ToMas-child Scale for the Assessment of the Theory of Mind in a Group of Spanish Speaking Children Aged 3 to 7 Years from Spain.

This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Theory of Mind assessment scale in children (ToMas-child). Two hundred and fifty-two Spanish children from 3 to 7 years were assessed in school settings. Rasch analysis showed the ToMas-child is a unidimensional scale valid for the assessment of the main components of the ToM in children.

Development of a Contextualized Version of the Multiple Errands Test for People with Substance Dependence.

Background: Substance dependence is associated with deficits in several areas of executive functioning, such as planning and multitasking. Traditional tests of executive functioning have been criticized for their low ecological validity. Shallice and Burgess (1991) developed the Multiple Errands Test (MET), where participants are required to perform multiple tasks in a real-world setting.

Concentration Endurance Test (d2): Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population.

Objective: To generate normative data for the Concentration Endurance Test (d2) in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations.

Method: The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the d2 test as part of a larger neuropsychological battery.

Comparison of the Effects of Goat Dairy and Cow Dairy Based Breakfasts on Satiety, Appetite Hormones, and Metabolic Profile.

The satiating effects of cow dairy have been thoroughly investigated; however, the effects of goat dairy on appetite have not been reported so far. Our study investigates the satiating effect of two breakfasts based on goat or cow dairy and their association with appetite related hormones and metabolic profile. Healthy adults consumed two breakfasts based on goat (G-Breakfast) or cow (C-Breakfast) dairy products.

The profession of neuropsychology in Spain: results of a national survey.

Objective: To examine the current status of professional neuropsychology in Spain, with particular focus on the areas of professional training, current work situation, evaluation and diagnostic practice, rehabilitation, teaching, and research.

Methods: Three hundred and thirty-nine self-identified professionals in neuropsychology from Spain completed an online survey between July and December of 2013. Respondents had an average age of 35.

An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model of Acquired Brain Injury Patient Impairments and Caregiver Psychosocial Functioning: A Dyadic-Report, Multinational Study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to use actor-partner interdependence modeling (APIM) to examine the simultaneous effects of both acquired brain injury (ABI) patient and caregiver ratings of patient impairments on both patient and caregiver ratings of caregiver psychosocial dysfunction.

Method: A sample of 968 individuals with ABI and their caregivers (n = 1,936) from 4 countries completed the European Brain Injury Questionnaire, a measure of ABI impairments and caregiver psychosocial functioning in the context of providing care for the person with ABI.

Results: An APIM with all adequate or good fit indices found that patient ratings of their own impairments in the domains of social disadaptation and depression were uniquely and positively associated with patient ratings of caregiver psychosocial dysfunction, yet none of the patient ratings of their own impairments were uniquely associated with caregiver ratings of caregiver psychosocial dysfunction.

A pilot investigation of the potential for incorporating lifelog technology into executive function rehabilitation for enhanced transfer of self-regulation skills to everyday life.

The objective of the study was to identify the potential target and effect size of goal management training (GMT) enhanced with life-logging technology compared with standard GMT on a range of possible primary outcomes reflecting cognitive and ecological aspects of executive functioning and quality of life. Sixteen patients with acquired brain injury involving executive dysfunction were randomly allocated to one of the two interventions: seven weeks of GMT (n = 8), or seven weeks of GMT+Lifelog (n = 8). Outcome measures included a battery of executive function tests, the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) and the Quality of Life after Brain Injury scale (QOLIBRI), measured pre- and post-interventions.