Sleeping on the edge: Adolescents living at moderate altitude report greater sleep need.

Purpose: Research in adults suggests that altitude impacts the restorative properties of sleep and increases risk for mental health concerns. The aim of this study was to extend this research to an adolescent sample to examine how living at altitude may be associated with greater sleep need and mental health symptoms during a period of the life-span when risk for insufficient sleep and mental health difficulties is high.

Methods: Data were collected from 105 adolescents aged 10-17 years residing at moderate-high altitudes.

Passing on the Zzz's: Adolescent sleep attitudes are associated with sleep behaviors and parental prioritization of sleep.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine adolescent attitudes about the importance of sleep and how they relate to adolescent sleep behaviors and parent sleep attitudes.

Methods: Participants included families with adolescents aged 10-17years and a parent (N = 170 dyads) who completed a virtual assessment. Adolescents reported on their sleep impairment and sleep hygiene behaviors, and all participants completed a newly developed scale to assess attitudes toward the importance of prioritizing sleep over other activities/responsibilities.

Sleep spindle activity is associated with state- and trait-based emotion in healthy school-aged children.

Background: While connections between children's sleep and their daytime functioning are well established, less is known about the microstructural features of sleep that support emotional wellbeing. Investigating these relationships in healthy children may provide insight into adaptive emotional development. We therefore examined associations between non-rapid eye movement (N2) sleep spindles and both state- and trait-based measures of emotion.

Correction to: Children's Emotional Expressivity After Sleep Restriction Forecasts Social Problems Years Later.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s42761-021-00078-2.].

Children's Emotional Expressivity After Sleep Restriction Forecasts Social Problems Years Later.

Sleep patterns affect children's socioemotional functioning in ways that may predict long-term social problems. However, precise mechanisms through which these effects occur remain unexplored and thus unknown. Building on findings in adults, the current study examined whether changes in children's facial expressions of emotion after sleep restriction predict social problems concurrently and/or longitudinally.

Early Adolescents Demonstrate Peer-Network Homophily in Political Attitudes and Values.

Research on political homophily has almost exclusively focused on adults, and little is known about whether political homophily is present early in life when political attitudes are forming and friendship networks are rapidly changing. We examined political homophily using a social network approach with rural middle school students ( = 213; mean age = 12.5 years; 57% female) from a remote U.

Childhood adversity is associated with heightened inflammation after sleep loss.

Objectives: To investigate whether childhood adversity exacerbates the relationship between sleep restriction and inflammation.

Methods: Participants (N = 46) were randomly assigned to an experimental sleep restriction group (n = 25) or a night of typical sleep (n = 21). Participants provided a dried blood spot sample the morning before and after the experimental night.

Daily Associations Between Adolescent Sleep and Socioemotional Experiences During an Ongoing Stressor.

Purpose: Ongoing stress can result in sleep disturbances and daytime socioemotional difficulties. Data on how sleep and daytime socioemotional functioning may be bidirectionally related to one another in the midst of an ongoing stressor are limited, particularly during adolescence, a developmental period when risk for the onset of mental health difficulties and sleep disturbances is high.

Methods: Participants (N = 459, ages of 13-18 years) were recruited from across the United States and completed an intake survey and one week of daily reports beginning 2 weeks after COVID-19 was declared a national emergency.

Prospective associations between pre-sleep electronics use and same-night sleep in healthy school-aged children.

Electronic devices are routinely associated with adverse effects on sleep; however, prospective studies among healthy children are unavailable. This study examined relationships among specific and total electronic device use within the hour before bed and same-night sleep patterns among 55 pre-pubertal children (7-11 years) without medical, psychiatric or sleep disorders. Sleep was assessed via subjective reports and actigraphy for 5 weeknights and pre-bed device use was assessed via daily diary.

Sleepy and Secluded: Sleep Disturbances are Associated With Connectedness in Early Adolescent Social Networks.

Studies in adults suggest that sleep disturbances predict poorer socioemotional skills and impaired social interactions. However, little is known regarding how sleep disturbances are associated with social processes during adolescence, a period when both sleep neurobiology and social relationships are undergoing dramatic developmental changes. The current study examined associations among sleep disturbances and peer connectedness in a sample of middle-school students (N = 213, 11-15 years old, 57% female) using a social network approach.

Civic Development within the Peer Context: Associations between Early Adolescent Social Connectedness and Civic Engagement.

Social connectedness is theorized to contribute to civic development and in turn, civic engagement is thought to cultivate social connectedness. Little research has examined how social connectedness is linked with early adolescent civic engagement. The current study used a social network research design to examine associations between early adolescent social connectedness via their position within their peer network and their civic engagement.

Bidirectional relationships between sleep and biomarkers of stress and immunity in youth.

Insufficient sleep during childhood can lead to physical and mental health issues. In adults, sleep disturbances have been associated with altered levels of stress hormones and inflammatory cytokines, but data in youth is lacking. The aim of this study was to explore relationships between objective measures of sleep and salivary biomarkers in children and adolescents.

Attitudes and Psychological Factors Associated With News Monitoring, Social Distancing, Disinfecting, and Hoarding Behaviors Among US Adolescents During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Importance: As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads across the world, it is critical to understand the psychological factors associated with pandemic-related behaviors. This perspecitve may be especially important to study among adolescents, who are less likely to experience severe symptoms but contribute to the spread of the virus.

Objective: To examine psychological factors associated with adolescents' behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Adolescents' Motivations to Engage in Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations With Mental and Social Health.

Purpose: Reducing the spread of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic prompted recommendations for individuals to socially distance. Little is known about the extent to which youth are socially distancing, what motivations underlie their social distancing, and how these motivations are connected with amount of social distancing, mental health, and social health. Using a large sample of adolescents from across the United States, this study examined adolescents' motivations for social distancing, their engagement in social distancing, and their mental and social health.

Anxiety modifies the emotional effects of sleep loss.

It is well known that lack of sleep increases anxiety and degrades mood in a dose-response fashion, but it is also increasingly clear that higher levels of pre-existing anxiety amplify the emotional effects of poor sleep. The current paper discusses recent findings that provide evidence of these effects and considers potential mechanisms through which these relationships may manifest. We suggest a focus for future research that includes greater attention to anxiety as a meaningful contributor to observed inter-individual differences in emotional vulnerability to sleep loss.

Life stress, sense of belonging and sleep in American Indian college students.

Objectives: In a sample of 90 American Indian (AI) college students (Age M(SD) = 21.47(3.02), 61.

Historical Trends in Concerns About Social Issues Across Four Decades Among U.S. Adolescents.

This study examined adolescents' concerns about social issues and how these concerns have changed over historical time. Separate cohorts of U.S.