The Orthodontist's Role in Post-Battlefield Craniomaxillofacial Trauma Reconstruction.

Introduction: In modern conflicts, deployed members are more vulnerable to craniomaxillofacial (CMF) injury than in previous conflicts. Patients presenting with CMF trauma are susceptible to post-trauma dental malocclusion and may require lengthy rehabilitation to achieve pre-injury function. This study surveyed military health care professionals who are potential contributors to CMF trauma rehabilitation teams to evaluate the orthodontist's inclusion in treating to the final outcome.

Correlation between regional changes in the distributions of GABA-containing neurons and unit response properties in the medial geniculate body of the cat.

A consistent change in the distribution of single units as a function of several of their properties of response to clicks, noise and tone bursts was observed along the rostro-caudal axis in the ventral division of the medial geniculate body (vMGB). From posterior to anterior, the proportion of inhibitory response patterns and non-monotonic intensity functions progressively decreased; response latencies were progressively shorter and less dispersed from caudal to rostral. This functional heterogeneity is consistent with the segregation of the thalamocortical interconnections: the anterior part of vMGB projects to the anterior and primary auditory cortical fields, whereas the posterior part of vMGB projects mainly to the posterior auditory cortical field.

Neuronal organization of the stapedius reflex pathways in the rat: a retrograde HRP and viral transneuronal tracing study.

The location of stapedius motoneurons in the rat was determined with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing techniques. After injection of free HRP or wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) in the stapedius muscle on one side, labeled neurons were seen ipsilaterally in a region ventromedial to the rostral half of the facial motor nucleus (VII), extending rostrally to the caudal part of the superior olivary complex (SOC). These labeled neurons, located outside the SOC and facial motor nuclei themselves, constitute the pool of stapedius motoneurons, in agreement with previous descriptions for other species.

Tensor tympani reflex pathways studied with retrograde horseradish peroxidase and transneuronal viral tracing techniques.

The neural pathway involved in activation of the tensor tympani (TT) muscle was studied in the rat using retrograde HRP and transneuronal viral tracing techniques. The pool of TT motoneurons labeled with HRP was located ipsilaterally under the anterior third of the trigeminal motor nucleus and extended rostrally towards the lateral lemniscus. The origin of the inputs to these motoneurons was then determined using transneuronal viral transport: presumably transneuronally infected neurons appeared bilaterally in the vicinity of the superior olivary complex, mainly in between the two nuclei of the trapezoid body.

Projections of the reticular complex of the thalamus onto physiologically characterized regions of the medial geniculate body.

Afferents from the reticular complex of the thalamus (RE) to the subdivisions of the medial geniculate body (MGB) in the cat were studied by retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase injected in sites where single unit responses to tones had been characterized. All MGB subdivisions studied received afferents from the same region of RE corresponding to its ventral posterior third, characterized by large neurons. No obvious differences were seen in the localization of labelled neurons within RE according to which MGB subdivision was injected, except that pars lateralis afferents seemed to originate from somewhat more limited portions of RE.

Comparative study of two anti-ulcerogenic drugs--glaziovine and sulpiride.

The anti-ulcer effect of glaziovine, a major psychotropic alkaloid isolated from Ocotea glaziovii (Laureaceae) and belonging to a new chemical class, has been studied in different types of experimentally induced ulcers in the guinea-pig and the rat. The effect of glaziovine was compared with that of sulpiride.