A review of current and proposed behavioral nudge strategies to improve the readiness of the United States military.

This review discusses findings on the use of behavioral nudges in both the Canadian and U.S. military.

The ASC inflammasome adapter governs SAA-derived protein aggregation in inflammatory amyloidosis.

Extracellularly released molecular inflammasome assemblies -ASC specks- cross-seed Aβ amyloid in Alzheimer's disease. Here we show that ASC governs the extent of inflammation-induced amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis, a systemic disease caused by the aggregation and peripheral deposition of the acute-phase reactant serum amyloid A (SAA) in chronic inflammatory conditions. Using super-resolution microscopy, we found that ASC colocalized tightly with SAA in human AA amyloidosis.

Considering the Impact of High School Sexual Education on Past Sexual Victimization and Rape Myth Acceptance in a College Sample.

Sexual victimization is a serious public health crisis affecting college students, with high rates reported among both women and men. Sexual consent education is crucial as it defines sexual assault and is linked to reduced risk of victimization. Rape myths and stereotyped beliefs shifting blame to survivors are established risk factors for sexual violence.

Sexual Assault History May Moderate Posttraumatic Cognition and Posttraumatic Stress Among Trauma-Exposed Sexual Minority Women.

Sexual minority women (SMW) are highly vulnerable to trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following trauma exposure. Negative posttraumatic cognitions (i.e.

Difficulties with emotion regulation within PTSD clusters and moral injury subtypes.

Treatment and research centered on trauma-related mental health issues have largely focused on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, moral injury is another important mental health concern requiring attention. There is a paucity of research examining how PTSD and moral injury affect emotion regulation. The current investigation examined how PTSD clusters and moral injury subtypes were uniquely associated with difficulties with emotion regulation.

Clinical and psychological implications of post-traumatic stress in firefighters: a moderated network study.

Firefighters are frequently exposed to trauma and may experience a unique symptom presentation of post-traumatic stress. Prior research has identified stronger associations between certain post-traumatic stress symptoms (e.g.

Negative mood and optimism bias: An experimental investigation of sadness and belief updating.

Background And Objectives: Understanding how individuals integrate new information to form beliefs under changing emotional conditions is crucial to describing decision-making processes. Previous research suggests that although most people demonstrate bias toward optimistic appraisals of new information when updating beliefs, individuals with dysphoric psychiatric conditions (e.g.

Predicting potential underreporting of firearm ownership in a nationally representative sample.

Purpose: This study utilized demographic and intrapersonal variables to identify individuals who may have falsely denied firearm ownership and determined if individuals can be divided into meaningful subgroups.

Methods: Participants were United States residents (N = 3500) recruited from January to June 2020. matched to the 2010 census data for age, race, sex, income, and education level.

Evaluating the long-term (Three Year) durability of brief interventions targeting risk factors for psychopathology.

Despite their brevity, prior work indicates that computer-based interventions can substantially impact risk factors for psychopathology including anxiety sensitivity (AS), thwarted belongingness (TB), and perceived burdensomeness (PB). However, very few studies have assessed the long-term (> 1 year) effects of these interventions. The primary aim of the current study was to evaluate post-hoc, the long-term (3 year) durability of brief interventions targeting risk factors for anxiety and mood psychopathology using data from a pre-registered randomized clinical trial.

The Indirect Effects of Proximal Stressors Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Severity among Sexually Victimized Sexual Minority Women: A Cross-Sectional Path Analysis.

Sexual minority women (SMW) are at risk for sexual victimization and stressors specifically related to their minority identity (e.g., discrimination).

Alcohol use in firefighters: A network model of behaviors and transdiagnostic risk.

Background And Aims: Firefighters are at heightened risk for developing alcohol use disorder (AUD), possibly due to chronic stress and exposure to potentially traumatic events. Daily trauma experiences and transdiagnostic risk factors (i.e.

Maximizing the use of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as a two-step screening tool.

Few studies have examined Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) measurement invariance and no study has done so across clinically relevant drinking subgroups (e.g., unhealthy drinkers [UHDs] and those drinking below unhealthy drinking thresholds [non-UHDs]).

B- and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias evade chemotherapy at distinct sites in the bone marrow.

Persistence of residual disease after induction chemotherapy is a strong predictor of relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The bone marrow microenvironment may support escape from treatment. Using three-dimensional fluorescence imaging of ten primary ALL xenografts we identified sites of predilection in the bone marrow for resistance to induction with dexamethasone, vincristine and doxorubicin.