Exploring the relationship between field available water capacity (AWC) and atypical aging (ATA) development in base wines.

Hydric stress is a leading cause of atypical aging (ATA) in wine, characterized by unpleasant olfactory notes. The main sensorial and chemical marker of ATA is 2-aminoacetophenone (AAP). Early detection of ATA before the second fermentation in sparkling wines (SWs) is crucial for producing high-quality products.

Influence of flash heating and aspergillopepsin I supplementation on must and wine attributes of aromatic varieties.

The protein instability with haze formation represents one of the main faults occurring in white and rosé wines. Among the various solutions industrially proposed, aspergillopepsin I (AP-I) supplementation coupled with must heating (60-75 °C) has been recently approved by OIV and the European Commission for ensuring protein stability of wines. This study investigates the impact of AP-I either applied independently or in combination with flash pasteurization on the chemical composition of grape must and wines derived from Sauvignon Blanc and Gewürztraminer.

Problematic social media use: associations with health complaints among adolescents.

Objective: Problematic Social Media Use (PSMU) has an addictive potential for young users. The aim of this study was to show the prevalence of PSMU across Italian regions and its association with health complaints.

Materials And Methods: Data are gathered from the Italian 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey using a representative sample of Italian adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years (50.

Dietary habits among Italian adolescents and their relation to socio-demographic characteristics.

Objective: The aim is to describe dietary habits and their association with socio-demographic characteristics in a large nationally representative sample of Italian adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years.

Materials And Methods: Data from the 2018 Italian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey on 58,976 adolescents were analysed to determine eating habits. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between incorrect dietary habits and potential predictors.

The Impact of Breast Density Reporting Laws on Women's Awareness of Density-Associated Risks and Conversations Regarding Supplemental Screening With Providers.

Objective: We conducted a national survey to understand the impact of state-level density reporting laws on women's level of density risk awareness and their engagement in conversations with providers regarding supplemental screening.

Methods: In all, 1,500 US women aged 40 to 74 years who obtained a mammogram within 2 years were surveyed in February 2018. The sampling design yielded 300 respondents in each of five groups categorized based on density reporting law features.

Long-term response to recombinant human growth hormone treatment: a new predictive mathematical method.

Introduction: Recombinant GH has been offered to GH-deficient (GHD) subjects for more than 30 years, in order to improve height and growth velocity in children and to enhance metabolic effects in adults.

Aim: The aim of our work is to describe the long-term effect of rhGH treatment in GHD pediatric patients, suggesting a growth prediction model.

Material And Methods: A homogeneous database is defined for diagnosis and treatment modalities, based on GHD patients afferent to Hospital Regina Margherita in Turin (Italy).

Unhealthy food consumption in adolescence: role of sedentary behaviours and modifiers in 11-, 13- and 15-year-old Italians.

Backgrounds And Aim: Unhealthy eating behaviours increase with age and have been associated with adverse health consequences in adulthood. We examined the influence of screen-based sedentary behaviours (SBs) on unhealthy food consumption, such as energy-dense foods and sweetened drinks, among a representative sample of nearly 60 000 adolescents and assessed the role of possible modifiers.

Methods: Data come from the Italian 2009-10 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey.

Maternal risk factors for abnormal vaginal flora during pregnancy.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of abnormal vaginal flora during pregnancy and associated maternal risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken of cervicovaginal smears performed on pregnant women at a center in Turin, Italy, between 2000 and 2010. Patients were divided into three groups: women with symptoms of genital infections (G1), asymptomatic women at risk of preterm birth (G2), and asymptomatic women with no risk (G3).

Possible role for interleukins as biomarkers for mortality and recurrence in oral cancer.

Background: Salivary and serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) have previously been studied in oral cancer with conflicting results.

Methods: We designed a controlled study to assess the correlation between pretreatment salivary and serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8, and all-cause survival and cancer recurrence in oral cancer patients.

Results: Fifty-two oral cancer patients and 52 healthy control cases were selected.

Prophylactic oral nifedipine to reduce preterm delivery: a randomized controlled trial in women at high risk.

Objective: To establish the efficacy of prophylactic nifedipine vs. placebo in reducing spontaneous preterm delivery in asymptomatic women at high risk for preterm delivery.

Design: Prospective multicentric randomized double-blind study.

Decade of 'normal' mammography reports--the happygram.

Interest in breast density reporting legislation has accelerated in the past several years, driven primarily by patients turned advocates under the mentorship and leadership of Are You Dense, Inc, and Are You Dense Advocacy, Inc. The history of the density reporting movement and the birth of education and advocacy nonprofits are described, along with how legislative efforts began. The decades of scientific research on dense tissue's masking effect and its being established as an independent risk factor for breast cancer are summarized.

Exogenous platelet-activating factor improves the motility of human spermatozoa evaluated with C.A.S.A.: optimal concentration and incubation time.

The objective of this study is to determine the optimal conditions for human semen incubation treated with exogenous platelet activating factor (ePAF) for intra-uterine insemination (IUI). This prospective study was carried out on 32 infertile men and each semen sample was processed with the ISolate Sperm Separation Medium, washed with sperm washing medium (SWM) and resuspended either in SWM alone (control samples), or with ePAF 0.1, 0.

Vitiligo is an independent favourable prognostic factor in stage III and IV metastatic melanoma patients: results from a single-institution hospital-based observational cohort study.

Background: The clinical features and the prognostic relevance of vitiligo lesions in melanoma patients are still controversial. This prospective observational study was designed to characterise the clinical features of melanoma-associated vitiligo, to analyse the association with other autoimmune manifestations and to ascertain whether the development of vitiligo lesions carries a prognostic relevance on the clinical course of melanoma.

Materials And Methods: A total of 2954 consecutive patients have been included; multivariate analyses of distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) were carried out to ascertain the independent prognostic role of vitiligo as a time-dependent covariate.

Vaginal and endocervical microorganisms in symptomatic and asymptomatic non-pregnant females: risk factors and rates of occurrence.

Physiological or non-physiological factors may affect the vaginal flora. The occurrence of genital microorganisms in non-pregnant females of all ages was studied, as were the risk factors associated with each microorganism. A retrospective analysis of vaginal and endocervical cultures and wet smears from 27,172 non-pregnant women, between 1996 to 2005, was performed taking into consideration clinical and socio-demographic characteristics.

Prognostic relevance of baseline and sequential peripheral blood tyrosinase expression in 200 consecutive advanced metastatic melanoma patients.

The relationship between the disease course and the prognostic relevance of sequential tyrosinase reverse transcription-PCR assay in the peripheral blood of advanced metastatic melanoma patients was ascertained. The clinical usefulness of tyrosinase in stage IV melanoma patients is still debated, owing to the wide range of variability (positive expression from 30 up to 100% of patients) and the possibility of a transient shedding of melanoma cells into the bloodstream. A total of 200 consecutive stage IV metastatic patients treated at our department were included, 149 with active metastatic disease undergoing systemic therapies (group A), and 51 disease free after surgery (group B).

Prognostic factors in primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma: the Italian Study Group for Cutaneous Lymphomas.

Purpose: Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (PCBCLs) are a distinct group of primary cutaneous lymphomas with few and conflicting data on their prognostic factors.

Patients And Methods: The study group included 467 patients with PCBCL who were referred, treated, and observed in 11 Italian centers (the Italian Study Group for Cutaneous Lymphomas) during a 24-year period (1980 to 2003). All of the patients were reclassified according to the WHO-European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) classification.

Fcgamma receptor IIA genotype and susceptibility to P. aeruginosa infection in patients with cystic fibrosis.

It has been suggested that genes other than CFTR could modulate the severity of lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). Neutrophil Fcgamma receptor II (FcgammaRII) is involved in host defense against microorganisms and in inflammatory response. We evaluated the association between genetic variability of this gene and both airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and severity of lung disease in patients with CF.

Nosocomial infections in pediatric cardiac surgery, Italy.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of nosocomial infection (NI) in pediatric patients who received cardiothoracic surgery and to identify possible associated risk factors.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: The cardiac surgery and cardiac intensive care units at the Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy.

Fungal infections in lung transplantation. Incidence, risk factors and prognostic significance.

Background And Aim Of The Work: Fungal infections are frequent following lung transplantation and are associated with high mortality and morbidity. The study aims at 1) reporting our experience with fungal infections after lung transplantation; 2) identifying statistically significant correlations between the occurrence of fungal infections and bacterial infections, cytomegalovirus disease, rejection and steroid therapy; 3) assessing whether the presence of fungal infection has an impact on long-term survival.

Methods: 60 lung transplant recipients were studied with respect to incidence, pattern of presentation and median time to presentation of fungal infection after the transplant.

Validation of ICTERUS, a knowledge-based expert system for Jaundice diagnosis.

The study aimed to describe an example of the assessment and validation of knowledge-based clinical expert systems. The paper focuses on ICTERUS, an expert system for jaundice diagnosis. It describes system design, the methodology applied for upgrading and validating the program, and the most important outcomes of the validation procedure.

The relevance of the CD4+ CD26- subset in the identification of circulating Sézary cells.

Background: The lack of specific markers for the phenotyping of circulating neoplastic T cells in Sézary syndrome (SS) patients makes it difficult both to ascertain the presence of clonal cells and to quantify the tumour burden in the peripheral blood. In previous reports we showed that the lack of CD26 (dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase IV) is a characteristic feature of circulating Sézary cells (SC).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to ascertain, by means of high-resolution two-, three- or four-parameter flow cytometry, the relationship between CD26 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes and peripheral blood involvement in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patients and to assess its significance in SS diagnosis.

Macrophage-mediated immunostimulation modulates therapeutic efficacy of interleukin-2 based chemoimmunotherapy in advanced metastatic melanoma patients.

The biological mechanisms of chemoimmunotherapy efficacy in vivo have not been fully clarified; furthermore, few data are available to predict its efficacy on the basis of clinical and immunological pretreatment factors. In this paper, pre- and post-treatment serum levels of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, IL-12 and neopterin) and soluble IL-2 receptors (sIL-2R), as well as circulating levels of T-cell and NK subpopulations, were analysed according to clinical outcome in 66 advanced metastatic melanoma (MM) patients treated with subcutaneous IL-2 in association with interferon-alpha, cisplatin and tamoxifen. Our purpose was to correlate the immune modifications during treatment with the clinical response and to define pretreatment factors with predictive value for clinical outcome.

Sorbitol removal by the metastatic liver: a predictor of systemic toxicity of intra-arterial chemotherapy in patients with liver metastases.

Background/aim: Hepatic arteriovenous shunting in the metastatic liver reduces the advantages of intraarterial infusion of chemotherapeutic agents because of the passage of drugs into the systemic circulation. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess spontaneous functional hepatic arteriovenous shunting in patients with liver metastases and to determine its implication in the increase in systemic toxic effects of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with floxuridine.

Methods: Twenty-five patients who underwent implantation of arterial ports for regional chemotherapy of liver metastases were studied.