Evaluation of clinical events and costs associated with the addition of dapagliflozin to chronic kidney disease treatment: Cost offset analysis.

Background And Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem with an increasing clinical, social and economic impact in advanced stages. Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor that reduces the risk of CKD progression, in addition to provide cardiovascular benefits and reduce all-cause mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the short-term clinical and economic impact of dapagliflozin as an add-on to renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) standard therapy for CKD in Spain.

Projection of the clinical and economic burden of chronic kidney disease between 2022 and 2027 in Spain: Results of the Inside CKD project.

Background And Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health problem affecting between 10% and 15% of the Spanish population. The lack of updated projections of the evolution of the disease burden hinders the development of evidence-based health policies and interventions to optimise the management of the disease and prevent its progression. The aim of this study is to project the evolution of the clinical and economic burden of CKD in Spain between 2022 and 2027.

Clinical Characteristics and Incidence of Hemorrhagic Complications in Patients Taking Factor Xa Inhibitors in Spain: A Long-Term Observational Study.

To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients taking Factor Xa inhibitors (FXai), either direct FXai or enoxaparin (only in active cancer patients), and to estimate the incidence of and risk factors for major bleeding during FXai use. A retrospective cohort study, which included secondary data from computerized health records of primary care centers and hospitals in seven Spanish Autonomous Communities. 9374 patients were analyzed, with 8972 taking direct FXai and 402 enoxaparin.

Differences in clinical outcomes, health care resource utilization and costs in heart failure patients according to left ventricular ejection fraction.

Introduction And Objectives: The impact of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on health care resource utilization (HCRU) and cost in heart failure (HF) patients is not well known. We aimed to compare outcomes, HCRUs and costs according to LVEF groups.

Methods: Retrospective, observational study of all patients with an emergency department (ED) visit or admission to a tertiary hospital in Spain 2018 with a primary HF diagnosis.

Epidemiology, clinical profile, management, and two-year risk complications among patients with chronic kidney disease in Spain.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology, clinical profile, treatments, and to determine cardiovascular and renal outcomes after two years of follow-up in a contemporary chronic kidneay disease (CKD) population in Spain. This was also analyzed among the DAPA-CKD-like population (patients who met most inclusion criteria of DAPA-CKD trial).

Methods: Observational, retrospective, population-based study using BIG-PAC database.

Risk of outcomes in a Spanish population with chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: To assess mortality and cardiovascular and renal outcomes among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (primary objective), with a particular focus on heart failure (HF) risk following diagnosis of CKD (secondary objective) in Spain.

Methods: We conducted an observational study comprising cross-sectional and longitudinal retrospective analyses using secondary data from electronic health records. For the primary objective, adults with prevalent CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 or ≥60 mL/min/1.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of dapagliflozin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain: results of the DECLARE-TIMI 58 study.

Background: The objective of this study was to carry out a cost-effectiveness analysis of dapagliflozin, as an add-on therapy to standard of care (SoC), for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Spain, based on the results of the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial.

Methods: A discrete event simulation model (Cardiff T2DM) based on the data observed in the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial was adapted to the Spanish setting to estimate the costs and health outcomes of treatment with dapagliflozin in patients with T2DM who had or were at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Macrovascular events (hospitalization for heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and unstable angina), end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality were modeled according to the survival equations of the DECLARE-TIMI 58 study.

Economic Consequences of the Overuse of Short-Acting ß-Adrenergic Agonists in the Treatment of Asthma in Spain.

Background And Objective: To determine the relationship between short-acting ß-adrenergic agonist (SABA) overuse and health care resource use and costs in asthma patients in routine clinical practice.

Methods: A longitudinal retrospective study was conducted in Spanish primary and specialized care centers using the BIG-PAC medical records database. The study population comprised asthma patients ≥12 years of age who attended ≥2 consultations during 2017 and had 1-year follow-up data available.

Clinical characteristics, management, and one-year risk of complications among patients with heart failure with and without type 2 diabetes in Spain.

Objective: This work aims to describe the clinical characteristics and therapeutic management and to determine cardiovascular outcomes after one year of follow-up in a contemporaneous population with heart failure (HF) with and without type 2 diabetes in Spain. These factors were also analyzed in the DAPA-HF-like population (patients who met most inclusion criteria of the DAPA-HF trial) and in patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors at baseline.

Methods: This work is an observational, retrospective, population-based study using the BIG-PAC database.

Epidemiology, clinical profile, management, and two-year risk complications among patients with chronic kidney disease in Spain.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology, clinical profile, treatments, and to determine cardiovascular and renal outcomes after two years of follow-up in a contemporary chronic kidneay disease (CKD) population in Spain. This was also analyzed among the DAPA-CKD-like population (patients who met most inclusion criteria of DAPA-CKD trial).

Methods: Observational, retrospective, population-based study using BIG-PAC database.

Costs and healthcare utilisation of patients with chronic kidney disease in Spain.

Background: Data about the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on health care costs in Spain are scarce This study was aimed to evaluate cumulative costs and healthcare utilisation in CKD in Spain.

Methods: Observational, retrospective, population-based study, which included adults who received care for CKD between 2015 and 2019. Healthcare and medication costs were summarized on a yearly basis starting from the index date (1st January 2015), and then cumulatively until 2019.

A randomized controlled trial to evaluate propylene glycol alone or in combination with dextrose as a treatment for hyperketonemia in dairy cows.

Our objective was to investigate the effect of i.v. dextrose as an adjunct therapy to oral propylene glycol on the resolution of hyperketonemia (HYK; blood β-hydroxybutyrate ≥1.

Costs and healthcare utilisation of patients with heart failure in Spain.

Background: Increasing the knowledge about heart failure (HF) costs and their determinants is important to ascertain how HF management can be optimized, leading to a significant decrease of HF costs. This study evaluated the cumulative costs and healthcare utilisation in HF patients in Spain.

Methods: Observational, retrospective, population-based study using BIG-PAC database, which included data from specialized and primary care of people ≥18 years, from seven autonomous communities in Spain, who received care for HF between 2015 and 2019.

Real-life retrospective observational study to determine the prevalence and economic burden of severe asthma in Spain.

We determined the percentage of patients with severe asthma and exacerbations and evaluated the costs of the disease based on blood eosinophil counts. A retrospective observational study based on the review of medical records in Spain was carried out. Patients ≥18 years of age requiring care during the years 2014-2015; diagnosed with asthma with at least 2 years of continuous records (at least one year prior to the index date defined as the first asthma medication prescription and at least one year after the index date) were included.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Exenatide versus GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of exenatide 2 mg/week compared with other glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (dulaglutide 1.5 mg/week, liraglutide 1.2 mg/day, liraglutide 1.

Dynamic Load Balancing Strategy for Parallel Tumor Growth Simulations.

In this paper, we propose a parallel cellular automaton tumor growth model that includes load balancing of cells distribution among computational threads with the introduction of adjusting parameters. The obtained results show a fair reduction in execution time and improved speedup compared with the sequential tumor growth simulation program currently referenced in tumoral biology. The dynamic data structures of the model can be extended to address additional tumor growth characteristics such as angiogenesis and nutrient intake dependencies.

Short communication: Oral and intranasal administration of a modified-live Salmonella Dublin vaccine in dairy calves: Clinical efficacy and serologic response.

Our objectives were to evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral and intranasal administration of a commercial modified-live Salmonella Dublin vaccine in dairy calves and to determine the serologic response associated with these extralabel routes of administration. We conducted a randomized field trial with calves from a New York dairy farm following an outbreak of Salmonella Dublin. A total of 399 Holstein calves were allocated by pen to 3 treatment groups: oral vaccination, intranasal vaccination, and an unvaccinated control group.

The microbiome of Escherichia coli and culture-negative nonsevere clinical mastitis: Characterization and associations with linear score and milk production.

Culture-negative and Escherichia coli cases are uncommonly treated in pathogen-based protocols for nonsevere mastitis. High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing might reveal the presence of other pathogens and can provide information on microbial diversity. The objective was to explore the milk microbiome at the time of the mastitis event (enrollment) and its association with survival in the herd, milk production, and postevent linear score (LS) for cows with clinical mastitis characterized as negative or E.

Diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer in adults: A summary of guidelines from the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.

To enable standardisation of care of pancreatic cancer patients and facilitate improvement in outcome, the United Kingdom's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) developed a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer in adults. Systematic literature searches, systematic review and meta-analyses were undertaken. Recommendations were drafted on the basis of the group's interpretation of the best available evidence of clinical and cost effectiveness.

Cost-Effectiveness of Fixed-Dose Combinations Therapies for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Treatment.

Background And Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive lung disorder associated with decline of respiratory function, affects 10.2% of Spanish adults (40-80 years of age). This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of two fixed-dose combinations of long-acting muscarinic antagonist and long-acting β2-agonist therapies for COPD, with Spanish National Health System perspective.

Is quality of life different between diabetic and non-diabetic people? The importance of cardiovascular risks.

Background: To analyse and compare the impact of cardiovascular risk factors and disease on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with and without diabetes living in the community.

Methods: We used data of 1,905 people with diabetes and 19,031 people without diabetes from the last Spanish National Health Survey (years 2011-2012). The HRQoL instrument used was the EuroQol 5D-5L, based on time trade-off scores.