Apelin deficiency exacerbates cardiac injury following infarction by accelerating cardiomyocyte ferroptosis.

Apelin is an endogenous ligand for the Apelin receptor and is a critical protective effector in myocardial infarction (MI). Nevertheless, these protective mechanisms are not fully understood. Ferroptosis is the major driving factor of MI.

Graphene Quantum Dot Sensitized Heterojunctions Induce Tumor-Specific Cuproptosis to Boost Sonodynamic and Chemodynamic Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.

Cuproptosis that utilizes copper ionophore to induce programmed cell death holds promise for enhancing the effectiveness of conventional anticancer therapies and triggering efficient adaptive immune responses. However, the non-tumor-specific release of Cu ions can induce cuproptosis and cause irreversible damage to normal tissues. To maximize the therapeutic effects of tumor-specific cuproptosis, this work reports for the first time the regulation of degradation behaviors of Cu-based nanomaterials using graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a protection layer.

An internally validated prognostic nomogram model predicts the stone-free rate following endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery for renal stones.

Background: Here, we aim to develop and validate a viable prognostic nomogram model for predicting a stone-free rate of kidney stones patients based on retrospective cohort analysis.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that obtained a continuous cohort from the databases of two hospitals (General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, and Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital), including 522 patients with kidney stones who underwent Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery (ECIRS) from January 2015 to December 2022.The characteristics of the primary cohort between the SF (stone-free) and SR (stone residue) groups were identified using single factor and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

The involvement of amyloid-β in the central nervous system regulation underlying sleep deprivation-induced rapid ejaculation in rats.

Background: Although some studies suggest that sleep deprivation may affect ejaculation regulation, related research is limited, and the mechanisms remain unclear.

Aim: This study aimed to explore whether sleep deprivation influences ejaculation regulation through amyloid-beta and to investigate its potential mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: Normal ejaculating rats were randomly distributed into three separate groups for the study, and treated with sleep deprivation combined with saline gavage, sleep deprivation combined with sodium butyrate gavage, and control with saline gavage.

Luminescent Tactile Sensor System for Robots: Enhancing Human-Computer Interaction in Complex Dark Environments.

In order to achieve interaction and collaboration with humans, robots need to have the ability for tactile perception of simulating human. Traditional methods use electrically connected sensors with complex arrays, leading to intricate wiring, high manufacturing costs, and demanding current environments. A flexible sensor with simple structure, easy preparation process, and low cost based on triboluminescence effect is proposed in this paper, which avoids the complex array and wiring of traditional sensors.

Reactive Intermediate Confinement in Beta Zeolites for the Efficient Aerobic Epoxidation of α-Olefins.

The efficient conversion of long-chain linear α-olefins (LAOs) into industrially useful epoxides is of pivotal importance. Mukaiyama epoxidation based on the use of molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant and aldehyde as the cosubstrate offers a promising route for LAOs epoxidation. However, challenges associated with epoxide forming selectivity and aldehyde coupling efficiency have long impeded the adoption of Mukaiyama epoxidation in large-scale applications.

Accelerometer-derived movement behaviours and risk of mortality among individuals with pre-existing depression: prospective cohort study.

Background: Evidence is largely limited regarding the extent to which abnormal behavioural profiles, including physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour and inadequate sleep duration, impact long-term health conditions in individuals with pre-existing depression.

Aims: To investigate the associations between accelerometer-derived daily movement behaviours and mortality in individuals with pre-existing depression.

Method: Between 2013 and 2015, a total of 10 914 individuals with pre-existing depression were identified from the UK Biobank through multiple sources including self-reported symptoms, records of antidepressant usage and diagnostic recording based on the 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes F32-F33.

Experimental study on laser cutting process of simulated fast Reactor fuel rods.

The cladding of fast reactor fuel rods, made of stainless steel, presents significant challenges in cutting due to its ductility, which leads to increased tool wear and poor cut quality with traditional mechanical methods. Laser cutting has emerged as a superior alternative, offering non-contact precision, high efficiency, and suitability for radioactive environments. This study systematically investigates the effects of laser cutting parameters-cutting speed, focal position, power, and gas pressure-on the cutting quality of simulated fast reactor fuel rods.

Characterizing the gut microbiome of diarrheal mink under farmed conditions: A metagenomic analysis.

This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the gut microbiota in diarrheal mink. We conducted Shotgun metagenomic sequencing on samples from five groups of diarrheal mink and five groups of healthy mink. The microbiota α-diversity and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthology did not show significant differences between the groups.

Electrospinning Recombinant Spider Silk Fibroin-Reinforced PLGA Membranes: A Biocompatible Scaffold for Wound Healing Applications.

Polylactide-polyglycolide (PLGA) is one of the most attractive polymeric biomaterials used to fabricate medical devices for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Nevertheless, the utilization of PLGA in load-bearing applications is restricted due to its inadequate mechanical properties. This study examines the potential of recombinant silk fibroin (eADF4), a readily producible biomaterial, as a reinforcing agent for PLGA.

Tumor Microenvironment Activated Cu Crosslinked Near-Infrared Sonosensitizers for Visualized Cuproptosis-Enhanced Sonodynamic Cancer Immunotherapy.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated sonodynamic therapy (SDT) holds increasing potential in treating deep-seated tumor owing to the high tissue-penetration depth. However, the inevitable accumulation of sonosensitizers in normal tissues not only make it difficult to realize the in situ SDT, but also induces sonodynamic effects in normal tissues. Herein, this work reports the passivation and selective activation strategies for the sonodynamic and near-infrared (NIR) imaging performances of an intelligent antitumor theranostic platform termed Cu-IR783 nanoparticles (NPs).

Letrozole-Based Near-Infrared Dynamic Imaging Targeting Ductal-Vascular RhoJ From Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) relies heavily on neoangiogenesis for its progression, making early detection crucial. Here, LTZi-MHI148 (Letrozole inhibitor bonding with MHI-148 dye), a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent agent is developed, to target RhoJ (Ras Homolog Family Member J), a protein expressed in neonatal vasculature, for both imaging and therapy of early PDAC. This agent is synthesized by conjugating Letrozole with MHI-148, exhibiting excellent NIR characteristics and photostability.

Ultra-small platinum nano-enzymatic spray with ROS scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties for photoaging treatment.

Photoaging induced by ultraviolet (UV) results in oxidative stress and inflammation. Noble metal nanozymes have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity, which are expected to eliminate the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory factors in the photoaged skin. Hence, we have synthesized ultrasmall platinum nanoparticles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (Pt NPs) with a diameter of nearly 5 nm for photoaging treatment.

Submicroscopic magnetite may be ubiquitous in the lunar regolith of the high-Ti region.

Magnetite is rare on the Moon. The ubiquitous presence of magnetite in lunar soil has been hypothesized in previous Apollo Mössbauer spectroscopy and electron spin resonance studies, but there is currently no mineralogical evidence to prove it. Here, we report a large number of submicroscopic magnetite particles embedded within iron-sulfide on the surface of Chang'e-5 glass, with a close positive correlation between magnetite content and the TiO content of the surrounding glass.

Investigating the Promising P28 Peptide-Loaded Chitosan/Ceramic Bone Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration.

Bone has the ability to heal itself; however, bone defects fail to heal once the damage exceeds a critical size. Bone regeneration remains a significant clinical challenge, with autograft considered the ideal bone graft material due to its sufficient porosity, osteogenic cells, and biological growth factors. However, limitations to bone grafting, such as limited bone stock and high resorption rates, have led to a great deal of research into developing bone graft substitutes.

Discovery of first-in-class DOT1L inhibitors against the R231Q gain-of-function mutation in the catalytic domain with therapeutic potential of lung cancer.

Recent research certified that DOT1L and its mutations represented by R231Q were potential targets for the treatment of lung cancer. Herein, a series of adenosine-containing derivatives were identified with DOT1L inhibition through antiproliferation assay and Western blot analysis in the H460 cell. The most promising compound significantly reduced DOT1L mediated H3K79 methylation and effectively inhibited the proliferation, self-renewal, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cell lines at low micromolar concentrations.

Correlation between gut microbiota characteristics and non-small cell lung cancer based on macrogenomics sequencing.

Objective: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing chemotherapy and immunotherapy experience disturbances in the gut microbiota. This study intends to find out the correlation between gut microbiota and clinical indices before and after radiotherapy for NSCLC.

Methods: Ten patients with primary NSCLC were screened, and plasma and fecal samples were collected before and after radiotherapy, respectively.

Accelerometer-derived 'weekend warrior' physical activity pattern and brain health.

Extensive evidence shows the beneficial effect of adhering to a regular physical activity (PA) pattern on brain health. However, whether the 'weekend warrior' pattern, characterized by concentrated moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) over 1-2 days, is associated with brain health is unclear. Here, we perform a prospective cohort study including 75,629 participants from the UK Biobank with validated accelerometry data.

Interaction of phosphorus and GA improved oilseed flax grain yield and phosphorus-utilization efficiency.

Introduction: Phosphorus nutrition and hormone concentration both affect crop yield formation. Ascertaining the interaction of phosphorus and GA has a synergistic effect on the grain yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency of oilseed flax in dryland. It is extremely important for improving grain yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency.