Ferroelectric Optical Memristors Enabled by Non-Volatile Electro-Optic Effect.

Memristors enable non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing. Optical memristors are the fundamental element for programmable photonic integrated circuits due to their high-bandwidth computing, low crosstalk, and minimal power consumption. Here, an optical memristor enabled by a non-volatile electro-optic (EO) effect, where refractive index modulation under zero field is realized by deliberate control of domain alignment in the ferroelectric material Pb(MgNb)O-PbTiO(PMN-PT) is proposed.

Sulfhydrylation of chlorothalonil in pak choi from cultivation to sample analysis and exposure risk assessment.

The rapid sulfhydrylation of chlorothalonil (CHT) in sulfur-rich vegetable matrices was observed in our previous study. However, the formation pathway, residual behavior, and toxicity of sulfhydrylated CHT remain unclear. In this study, we reveal that 4-sulfhydryl chlorothalonil (4-SH-CHT) can be formed by the reaction of CHT with HS species.

Computer-aided design and construction of a novel electro-responsive ion-imprinted sensor for the individual/simultaneous detection of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in water environments.

A novel method for detecting Cd(II) and Pb(II) in water using composite ion-imprinted membranes (Cd@Pb-IIM/Ag@MOF@CHI) was developed. Pre-polymerization ratios were optimized via computer simulations and applied on Ag@MOF@CHI-modified electrodes using infrared light initiation. Characterization of the membranes through SEM and electrochemical methods revealed detailed morphology and composition.

Reactions of In Situ-Generated Difluorocarbene (:CF) with Aromatic/Heteroaromatic Alcohols, Thiols, Olefins, and Alkynes under Environmentally Responsible Conditions.

Environmentally respectful methods for generating and utilizing difluorocarbene (:CF) in the synthesis of a wide array of valuable difluoromethylated compounds are disclosed. In particular, the insertion of the CF moiety into aromatic/heteroaromatic alcohols, thiols, olefins, and alkynes under neat or aqueous micellar catalysis conditions is demonstrated. These methods yield both satisfactory results and significantly lower E-Factors compared to traditional synthetic approaches.

Computer-aided design and preparation of surface arsenite molecularly imprinted polymers for selective adsorption and highly sensitive detection of As(Ⅲ).

Arsenite is a hazardous substance in water due to its high toxicity and carcinogenic nature, necessitating effective analysis and remediation methods. This study introduces surface arsenite molecularly imprinted polymers (As(Ⅲ)-MIP@MOF) and an advanced sensing platform using arsenite (H₃AsO₃) as the template. By utilizing computational simulations to optimize the functional monomer MAA and the pre-polymerization ratio, we achieved efficient arsenite removal with high adsorption capacity (328.

Identification of and sp. in Malayan pangolins-a potential threat to public health?

Unlabelled: The discovery of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2-like and Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-like viruses in Malayan pangolins has raised concerns about their potential role in the spread of zoonotic diseases. Herein, we describe the isolation and whole-genome sequencing of potentially zoonotic two bacterial pathogens from diseased Malaysian pangolins ()- and sp. The newly identified species were designated as P69 and sp.

Hemilabile and Redox-Active Quinone Ligands Unlock sp-Rich Couplings in Nickel-Catalyzed Olefin Carbosulfenylation.

A three-component coupling approach toward structurally complex dialkylsulfides is described via the nickel-catalyzed 1,2-carbosulfenylation of unactivated alkenes with organoboron nucleophiles and alkylsulfenamide (N-S) electrophiles. Efficient catalytic turnover is facilitated using a tailored N-S electrophile containing an N-methyl methanesulfonamide leaving group, allowing catalyst loadings as low as 1 mol %. Regioselectivity is controlled by a collection of monodentate, weakly coordinating native directing groups, including sulfonamides, amides, sulfinamides, phosphoramides, and carbamates.

Molecule Empowerment and Crystal Desensitization: A Multilevel Structure-Property Analysis toward Designing High-Energy Low-Sensitivity Layered Energetic Materials.

Layered energetic materials (LEMs) can effectively balance energy and mechanical sensitivity, making them a current research focus in the field of energetic materials. However, the influence of the layered stacking pattern on impact sensitivity is still unclear, leading to the lack of advanced design strategies for high-energy low-sensitivity LEMs. Herein, we first utilize novel indicators such as maximum plane separation and hydrogen bond dimension to perform high-throughput screening on over 10 candidate structures, resulting in 17 target crystals.

Efficacy of MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles in treating type II diabetic cutaneous wounds: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal models.

Background: Small extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-sEVs) have emerged as a promising therapy for treating type II diabetic cutaneous wounds. Currently, the evidence supporting the use of MSC-sEVs for treating diabetic skin wounds remains inconclusive and is limited to preclinical studies. To facilitate the clinical translation of cell-free therapy, conducting a comprehensive systematic review of preclinical studies assessing the efficacy of MSC-sEVs is imperative.

Extracellular Vesicles Derived from HO-Stimulated Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Senescence in Diabetic Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Restore Their Osteogenic Capacity.

Introduction: Autologous stem cell transplantation has emerged as a promising strategy for bone repair. However, the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells derived from diabetic patients is compromised, possibly due to hyperglycemia-induced senescence. The objective of this study was to assess the preconditioning effects of extracellular vesicles derived from HO-stimulated adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and non-modified ADSCs on the osteogenic potential of diabetic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).

Injectable Cartilage Microtissue Regenerated by Autologous Chondrocytes for Nasal Augmentation: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background: A lack of ideal filling materials is a critical limitation in current rhinoplasty. Cartilage sheet regeneration by autologous chondrocytes is expected to provide an ideal source of material. However, the inability to perform minimally invasive transplantation of cartilage sheets has greatly limited the clinical application of this material.

Evaluating the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells for diabetic neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.

Diabetic neuropathy affects nearly half of all diabetics and poses a significant threat to public health. Recent preclinical studies suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may represent a promising solution for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. However, an objective assessment of the preclinical effectiveness of MSCs is still pending.

Real-Time Gated Proton Therapy: Commissioning and Clinical Workflow for the Hitachi System.

Purpose: To describe the commissioning of real-time gated proton therapy (RGPT) and the establishment of an appropriate clinical workflow for the treatment of patients.

Materials And Methods: Hitachi PROBEAT provides pencil beam scanning proton therapy with an advanced onboard imaging system including real-time fluoroscopy. RGPT utilizes a matching score to provide instantaneous system performance feedback and quality control for patient safety.

Screening of Active Substances Regulating Alzheimer's Disease in Ginger and Visualization of the Effectiveness on 6-Gingerol Pathway Targets.

Ginger has been reported to potentially treat Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the specific compounds responsible for this biological function and their mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamic simulation technology was used to screen active substances that regulate AD and explore their mechanisms. The TCMSP, GeneCards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases were utilized to obtain 95 cross-targets related to ginger's active ingredients and AD as key targets.

Automated Restarting Fast Proximal Gradient Descent Method for Single-View Cone-Beam X-ray Luminescence Computed Tomography Based on Depth Compensation.

Single-view cone-beam X-ray luminescence computed tomography (CB-XLCT) has recently gained attention as a highly promising imaging technique that allows for the efficient and rapid three-dimensional visualization of nanophosphor (NP) distributions in small animals. However, the reconstruction performance is hindered by the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem and the effects of depth variation as only a single view is acquired. To tackle this issue, we present a methodology that integrates an automated restarting strategy with depth compensation to achieve reconstruction.

Oncologic and Functional Outcomes After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for High-Grade Malignant Spinal Cord Compression.

Purpose: Although surgical decompression is the gold standard for metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) from solid tumors, not all patients are candidates or undergo successful surgical Bilsky downgrading. We report oncologic and functional outcomes for patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to high-grade MESCC.

Methods And Materials: Patients with Bilsky grade 2 to 3 MESCC from solid tumor metastases treated with SBRT at a single institution from 2009 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

Clinical Outcomes After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Nonspinal Bone Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

There are limited data available on clinical outcomes after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for nonspinal bone metastases. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterize local control (LC), overall survival (OS), pain response rates, and toxicity after SBRT. The primary outcomes were 1-year LC, incidence of acute and late grade 3 to 5 toxicities, and overall pain response rate at 3 months.

A vibrating capillary for ultrasound rotation manipulation of zebrafish larvae.

Multifunctional micromanipulation systems have garnered significant attention due to the growing interest in biological and medical research involving model organisms like zebrafish (). Here, we report a novel acoustofluidic rotational micromanipulation system that offers rapid trapping, high-speed rotation, multi-angle imaging, and 3D model reconstruction of zebrafish larvae. An ultrasound-activated oscillatory glass capillary is used to trap and rotate a zebrafish larva.

Prognostic implications of synaptophysin, CD56, thyroid transcription factor-1, and Ki-67 in pulmonary high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas.

Background: The correlation between the expression of immunohistochemical markers and the clinicopathological characteristics of pulmonary high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (HGNEC) and its impact on the clinical outcomes of individuals with HGNEC has not yet been explored.

Methods: This study enrolled patients diagnosed with HGNEC between April 2015 and July 2023. Based on the expression levels of synaptophysin (Syn), the neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56), thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), and Ki-67, a comprehensive analysis was conducted.

Electroreductive Synthesis of Nickel(0) Complexes.

Over the last fifty years, the use of nickel catalysts for facilitating organic transformations has skyrocketed. Nickel(0) sources act as useful precatalysts because they can enter a catalytic cycle through ligand exchange, without needing to undergo additional elementary steps. However, most Ni(0) precatalysts are synthesized with stoichiometric aluminum-hydride reductants, pyrophoric reagents that are not atom-economical and must be used at cryogenic temperatures.

QTL mapping and transcriptomic analysis of fruit length in cucumber.

A total of 151 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were derived from the cross between ' L. ' (HW) and a cultivated Northern Chinese inbred line 'XinTaiMiCi' (XTMC). We used resequencing to construct the genetic map and analyze the genetic background of RIL population, and combined with the phenotypes of RIL population and the analysis of RNA-seq data, we located the major loci controlling the fruit length of cucumber and related analysis.

A Multidimensional Connectomics- and Radiomics-Based Advanced Machine-Learning Framework to Distinguish Radiation Necrosis from True Progression in Brain Metastases.

We introduce tumor connectomics, a novel MRI-based complex graph theory framework that describes the intricate network of relationships within the tumor and surrounding tissue, and combine this with multiparametric radiomics (mpRad) in a machine-learning approach to distinguish radiation necrosis (RN) from true progression (TP). Pathologically confirmed cases of RN vs. TP in brain metastases treated with SRS were included from a single institution.

Cartilage Regeneration Units Based on Hydrogel Microcarriers for Injectable Cartilage Regeneration in an Autologous Goat Model.

Despite numerous studies on tissue-engineered injectable cartilage, it is still difficult to realize stable cartilage formation in preclinical large animal models because of suboptimal biocompatibility, which hinders further application in clinical settings. In this study, we proposed a novel concept of cartilage regeneration units (CRUs) based on hydrogel microcarriers for injectable cartilage regeneration in goats. To achieve this goal, hyaluronic acid (HA) was chosen as the microparticle to integrate gelatin (GT) chemical modification and a freeze-drying technology to create biocompatible and biodegradable HA-GT microcarriers with suitable mechanical strength, uniform particle size, a high swelling ratio, and cell adhesive ability.

The impact of local control on widespread progression and survival in oligometastasis-directed SBRT: Results from a large international database.

Purpose: We investigated the impact of local control (LC) on widespread progression (WSP) and overall survival (OS) in patients treated to all extracranial oligometastases (OMs) at presentation to SBRT in this retrospective review across 6 international centers.

Materials/methods: Relationships between LC status of SBRT-directed OMs and OS and WSP (>5 new active/untreated lesions) were explored using Cox and Fine-Gray regression models, adjusting for radioresistant histology and pre-SBRT systemic therapy receipt. The association between LC and dosimetric predictors was analyzed with competing risk regression using death as a competing risk and across a wide range of simulated α/βratios.